Another genuine question from me:
@hugh_farey
Are ideas and feelings evolutionary?
i.e. it seems most of human history people have believed in religion. Is this part of natural selection?
Why have humans evolved to be so insecure of themselves that they turn to religion?
Thank goodness; a pearl amid the dross.
Before we can explore this, we need to define our terms (as usual). Simplistically, I’ll pick on one facet. Religions involve belief in an overwhelming power which contro]s our lives, with which we must have some relation in order to live successfully. Will that do? Now, how can we recognise that in evolution - either in the fossil record, or among genetically related organisms? This is clearly going to be difficult. Ideas don’t fossilise. Still, lets look at some basic evidence, and some observations.
What does a dog think of its master? Or a sheep of its shepherd? Compared to, say, a pet spider of it’s owner? By observing the behaviour of these animals, we might say that the dog appears to have a sense of the power of its master to do ‘impossible’ things (like open a tin of dog-food), and to direct its life (like deciding where to go on a walk). During a thunderstorm, a dog may seek out its master for comfort, as if somehow the master were responsible for the storm. This is not a religion, or much of an idea of God, but it’s something. Social animals, whose natural tribes have an alpha-male (or female), may extend their ideas beyond their own kind towards a more numinous power. Some extraordinary, and still disputed, chimpanzee behaviour seems to show chimps showing subservience not only to their chief, but also to rain, fire or a specific tree. (Find the papers by Laura Kehoe, Andrew Whiten and Jill Pruetz, by typing in their names and ‘chimpanzees’ into a search engine.)
Only a few thousand years ago, humans seem to have treated immaterial forces, such as the sun, the weather and the sea as if they were personally directed towards us, and needed appeasing, and from a proliferation of competing ‘gods’, it seems that the Jews, at least in Eurasia, were the first to recognise a single over-riding power, with a personality, which could be appeased or angered, but who in general looked after his people.
So yes. From these observations I would say that religious belief has indeed evolved.