Sounds like a ready made appeal based on 1st Amendment religious freedoms.
I’m afraid not. Historically, Supreme Court decisions on “religious freedom” usually have been to limit it. The Missouri Constitution of 1865 required that teachers, doctors, lawyers, and preachers had to swear to a loyalty oath before they could teach, see patients, appear in court, or preach sermons and officiate marriages. Part of the oath required swearing that you had never helped or supported any rebel in the recent rebellion. That meant that priests had to swear that they had never heard the confession of a Confederate soldier, or given them the Holy Eucharist, or even provided them food or medical assistance. The Most Rev. Peter Richard Kenrick, Archbishop of St. Louis (which covered the entire state of Missouri at the time) ordered all the priests to refuse to take the oath.
Shortly after the Constitution went into effect, Rev. John A. Cummings was charged by a grand jury with offering a Mass and preaching a sermon without having taken the test oath. He was arrested, tried, convicted, and imprisoned. The bishop arranged for his appeal to be heard by the Missouri Supreme Court. The Court, being made up of men who had taken the oath, found the oath constitutional. Soon, dozens of priests and 8 nuns were charged and arrested for violating the test oath. (Actually, only 2 of the nuns were arrested – the others had fled to neighboring states.) Bishop Hogan, of the diocese of Kansas City, Missouri, appeared before the court dressed to the nines: in soutane, surplice, stole, and biretta, carrying in his right hand a crucifix, and in his left a large Bible.
Finally, in 1866, the US Supreme Court heard the case. You’d think it would be a slam dunk for religious freedom, but no. Because doctors, lawyers, and “persons of trust” were all affected, the lawyers argued that the test oath violated both Sections 9 and 10 of Article 1 of the Constitution, which prohibits “bills of attainder.” This is a law or legislative act that declares someone guilty and punishes them without a judicial hearing. The punishment usually involves taking away your livelihood (like prohibiting you from practicing medicine or law) and sometimes prohibits you from passing property to your heirs.
The ruling was passed down on 14 January 1867 that the test oath was unconstitutional and declared void.
The ruling passed by a 1 vote majority. It was NOT a victory for “religious freedom”.