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ParkerD
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Here is the other post I was wanting to respond to. Perhaps there is a third, as I’m looking at the conversation.Zerinus,
The Mormon doctrine of the Great Apostasy depends upon a crucial misunderstanding of divine covenants, which can be formally identified: it treats the Levitical covenant as if it were a treaty covenant, which can be lost due to human transgressions, when it is in fact a grant covenant without any stipulations that could cause the covenant to be forfeited by the people as a whole. Jeremiah understands the Levitical charter as a grant covenant, and he interprets the messianic kingdom in light of that understanding.
That the Levitical covenant has a grant form can be seen from the Torah alone. In Ex 16-24, before the Levite become priests, all the covenantal terms are conditional, treaty-type terms; Israel then violates those conditions in the episode of the Golden Calf and forfeits the covenant. Prior to the Calf, sacrifices were offered by the youths of Israel, the firstborn sons, who are set apart unto the Lord (Exod 13:2, 12-15; 22:29) Yet it is these youths who end up making offerings to the Golden Calf. For this reason, they lose their rights under the treaty covenant, and God cuts a new covenant with the Levites: “Behold I have taken the Levites from among the sons of Israel instead of every first-born that opens the womb among the sons of Israel.” (Num 3:11) God renews the violated covenant with Israel by establishing a new priestly covenant with the Levites. That is why St. Paul can later say, “For the priesthood being transferred, there is necessarily a change of the Law as well.” (Heb 7:12; no other Biblical grounds for this claim exists.)
Because the Levites were faithful to God, dissented from worshipping the Golden Calf, and executing justice upon the perpetrators, God rewards them saying, “Today you have ordained yourselves for the service of the Lord, each one at the cost of his son and his brother, that he may bestow a blessing upon you this day.” As result this new covenant has the form of a reward to them, a pure blessing, and hence, it is now an unconditional grant covenant, a gift in response to past good actions. Notice its similarity, as well, to the Abrahamic grant, “Because you have not spared you son…”. Part of the blessing that God covenants to the Levites is the perpetuity of their priesthood on earth forever (Num 18:8, Lev 7:34).
What Jeremiah 33 does is confirm the covenantal status of this blessing on the Levites and then apply it to the Christian Church. Contrary to the wild claims of many theologians of the Second Great Awakening in early nineteenth-century New England, the restoration of Israel that ends the famine prophesied by Amos and other prophets is not a restoration that occurs in the future or the recent past but is clearly taught in the New Testament as consisting in the extension of the Church beyond Israel’s borders, grafting in the Gentiles among whom the Jews are dispersed, with no similar loss or dispersion to ever occur again. (Amos 9:11-12, 15; Acts 15:14-16). They don’t need to go back to Israel physically, because the New Israel comes to them spiritually. Jeremiah is writing about the same restoration of Israel. He begins with a Messianic prophesy of Christ’s coming Kingship, as then shows the power with which that Kingship will be established: by the very power and certainty of God’s covenant oaths, which entail a persistent, unbroken presence of the Levitical priests as servants of the Davidic King ruling in Zion.
Yet, Mormonism claims that the Levitical priesthood was taken from the earth, with no Levites left to minister, after the time of the Messiah. On what grounds? Because of human agency. But that is nothing in comparison to God’s own covenanted life-oath. Freedom can account for why individuals fall away, but the entire body of the Church as a whole is established by divine covenant. In the case of the perpetuity of priesthood, it is ensured by an unconditional grant, and hence cannot be lost even if men sin. If it were God would have violated his oath to the Levites, dissolving his own sovereignty as a false-swearer. Rather than accept this blasphemous claim, we must trust in God’s power to bring all his promises to pass even when men sin. That is what Paul means when he says, “Let God be true, but every man a liar.” (Rom 3:4)