Let's Talk About Hell

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Necessity of Perseverance. – Means of Defence against the Devil.
St. Jerome says that many begin well but few persevere.1 Saul, Judas, Tertullian, began well, but ended badly, because they did not persevere in grace. The Lord, says St. Jerome, requires not only the beginning of a good life, but also the end:2 it is the end that will be rewarded. St. Bonaventure says that the crown is given only to perseverance.3 Hence St. Laurence Justinian calls perseverance the “gate of heaven.”4 No one can enter paradise unless he finds the gate of heaven. My brother, at present you have renounced sin, and justly hope that you have been pardoned. You are then the friend of God: but remember that you are not yet saved. And when will you be saved? When you will have persevered to the end. He that shall persevere to the end, he shall he saved.5 Have you begun a good life? Thank the Lord for it: but St. Bernard warns you that to him who begins, a reward is only promised, and is given only to him who perseveres.6 It is not enough to run for the prize, you must run till you win it. So run, says St. Paul, that you may obtain.7

You have already put your hand to the plough, and you have begun to live well; but now you must tremble and fear more than ever. With fear and trembling work out your salvation.8 And why? Because if—which God forbid—you look back and return to a life of sin, God will declare you unfit for paradise. No man putting his hand to the plough, and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.9 At present, through the grace of God, you avoid evil occasions, you frequent the sacraments, and make meditation every day. Happy you if you continue to do so, and if, when he comes to judge you, Jesus Christ will find you doing these things. Blessed is that servant whom, when his lord shall come, he shall find so doing.10 But do not imagine that, now that you have begun to serve God, there is as it were an end, or a lack of temptations: listen to the advice of the Holy Ghost. Son, when thou comest to the service of God . . . prepare thy soul for temptation.11 Remember that now more than ever you must prepare yourself for conflicts, because your enemies, the world, the devil, and the flesh, will arm themselves now more than ever to fight against you in order to deprive you of all that you have acquired. Denis the Carthusian says, that the more a soul gives itself to God, the more strenuously hell labors to destroy it.12 And this is sufficiently expressed in the Gospel of St. Luke, where Jesus Christ says: When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through places without water, seeking rest, and not finding it, he saith: I will return into my house whence I came out. And when he is come, he findeth it swept and garnished. Then he goeth, and taketh with him seven other spirits more wicked than himself, and entering in, they dwell there. And the last state of that man is worse than the first.13 When banished from a soul, the devil finds no repose, and does everything in his power to return: he even calls companions to his aid; and if he succeeds in re-entering, the second fall of that soul will be far more ruinous than the first.

Consider, then, what arms you must use in order to defend yourselves against these enemies, and to preserve your soul in the grace of God. To escape defeat, and to conquer the devil, there is no other defence than prayer. St. Paul says that we have to contend, not with men of flesh and blood like ourselves, but with the princes of hell. Our wrestling is not against flesh and blood, but against principalities and powers.14 By these words the Apostle wished to admonish us that we have not strength to resist such powerful enemies, and that we stand in need of aid from God. With his aid we shall be able to do all things. I can do all things in Him that strengtheneth me.15 Such is the language of St. Paul; such, too, should be our language. But this divine aid is given only to those who pray for it. Ask and you shall receive. Let us, then not trust in our purposes; if we trust in them, we shall be lost. Whenever the devil tempts us, let us place our entire confidence in the divine assistance, and let us recommend ourselves to Jesus Christ, and to the Most Holy Mary. We ought to do this particularly as often as we are tempted against chastity; for this is the most terrible of all temptations, and is the one by which the devil gains most victories. We have not strength to preserve chastity; this strength must come from God. And, said Solomon, as I knew that I could not otherwise be continent exalt God gave it, . . I went to the Lord, and besought him.16 In such temptations, then, we must instantly have recourse to Jesus Christ, and to his holy Mother, frequently invoking the most holy names of Jesus and Mary. He who does this, will conquer; he who neglects it, will be lost.
alphonsianum.blogspot.com/search?updated-max=2011-01-24T03%3A39%3A00Z&max-results=7
 
If I understand your argument, you are saying that “entering a path” is not the same as staying on it until the final destination,
Yes.
but still you need to enter a path to get to the destination?
Or put yourself into the arms of someone you find trustworthy, and he carries you there.
Eg. In the gospels, the sick were sometimes healed because of the faith and efforts of someone other than the sick person.
Mt. 2:4-5 Paralytic carried by his friends to Jesus. Jesus healed him because of the faith of his friends.
Couple other examples: Mt. 8:5-13; Mt. 15:22-28

Parallels are often seen between physical healings and spiritual healings. We can be the friends who “carry” spiritual paralytics to Jesus for healing. Our faith in Jesus and our prayers for the final conversion of those in the state of mortal sin may well be instrumental in Our Lord coming (in some way) to that sinner in his dying moments. And thru the grace of God, this sinner may entrust himself totally to Jesus in that final second. ** He will be saved, even tho he never walked the “constricted road” here on earth – that is, practiced the virtues, performed charitable works, etc. **
(He may have to walk the narrow road in Purgatory!)
If so, why does Jesus say “few” concerning finding the path to life?
How narrow the gate and constricted the road that leads to life. And those who find it are few.
I was unable to find any commentary on the “few” that related it to the number of people that would be in heaven. Don’t have a lot of commentaries, but checked the Haydock, Navarre, Aquinas’ Catena Aurea, Augustine and Chrysostom.

My thoughts are that it reflects reality - in a couple of ways.
  1. It is Jesus Himself who can be seen as the gate; His teachings as the** road**. When you look at the number of people, at any given time in the past 2000 years, comparatively “few” were/are believing and practicing Christians.
  2. One can also see the Catholic Church as the gate (as it the presence of Jesus/gate Himself in the Eucharist and the fullness of His truth). The teachings of Jesus and His Church are the** road**. Here, the number is even smaller than above.
  3. One can see the desire for God and truth as the gate; the natural law which God has written in the hearts of men as the road. Unfortunately, the voice of this natural law can get squelched when the faith and culture one is born into are contrary to it.
So, I would say the “many” and “few” refers to where people are while they are walking and living out their lives on this earth. It does not refer to where they are after death.
And, I would say Jesus tells us this to warn us that we are going to have to live amidst many who do not live according to His teaching. And we should not allow ourselves to be pulled away into following the “majority”.
 
Or put yourself into the arms of someone you find trustworthy, and he carries you there.
Agreed. There are times when our friends or Mary or someone is instrumental.
I was unable to find any commentary on the “few” that related it to the number of people that would be in heaven. Don’t have a lot of commentaries, but checked the Haydock, Navarre, Aquinas’ Catena Aurea, Augustine and Chrysostom.
I didn’t have much luck either. I tried switching to the nearest passage sort of like it, which is Luke 13:23,24 and there abouts, but I wasn’t very enlightened. Oh, I just had a thought to see if the CCC references either one…let me check. Drat, the site I use to do that is down right now. Okay, by hand I found CCC 1036 to be rather relevant, which references your Matthew passage to a call to conversion, making it seem a comment about what we need to do now.

Perhaps it is all part of “Behold, now is the acceptable time; behold, now is the day of salvation.” (a favorite quote of mine)
My thoughts are that it reflects reality - in a couple of ways.
  1. It is Jesus Himself who can be seen as the gate; His teachings as the** road**. When you look at the number of people, at any given time in the past 2000 years, comparatively “few” were/are believing and practicing Christians.
I agree that when I look around myself, with my limited eyes, sometimes the path I hope to be kept upon seems rather deserted/lonely. Humans like company. We need a reminder not to stray just to satisfy our desire to fit in, have company, be approved by somebody, etc.

It is hard to imagine what life would be like if I had no fitting in, no company, no approval anywhere. So I suppose that makes the wide path enticing. “Luke, beware of the dark side…”
 
Wow - that’s quite a list.
I always like to read the context of quotes that interest me, so wish it would have included the source of the quotes - especially the Augustine, Pope Gregory and Chrysostom quotes.

It seems pretty obvious that they believe there are far more people in hell than in heaven. Personally, unless the Church would officially teach we must believe the majority of mankind is condemned, I will continue to have a stronger hope that the majority are saved. I do believe very few go directly to heaven – and many must go thru the “fire” of Purgatory, some **far **more extensively (time, degree) than others. I think a common failing many of us have is to take Purgatory too lightly – as tho it won’t be all that bad. I think we may be in for a big surprise.
 
The idea that very few people enter Heaven is not officially taught by the Roman Catholic Church. Some people say it here and there. But people say many things. It is not official Church teaching. Such opinions do not need to be followed. They can actually be quite dangerous to a person’s moral life. The idea that very few people ever enter Heaven can make a person believe there is no point in even BEING Catholic, and can easily lead to despair and hopelessness.

Something that I don’t like at all on this forum is how people often quote from the Saints about Hell. SHIN even provided a LIST of hell-quotes, including many words from the saints about “how few are saved.” For example:

‘A great number of Christians are lost.’ - St. Leonard of Port Maurice

'The number of the elect is so small - so small - that were we to know how small it is, we should faint away with grief. - St. Louis Marie de Montfort
  • And one of my personal favorites:
‘With the exception of those who die in childhood, most men will be damned.’ - St. Regimius of Rheims
  • Can’t get any stronger than that.
It should be noted that the Roman Catholic Church absolutely does not require us to adhere to the writings of the Saints, especially when these writings contain things that could be problematic for those with a sensitive conscience or disposition. Christianity should free people, not burden them unnecessarily. The saintly writings are NOT part of the Deposit of Faith. No Catholic anywhere is obligated know them, or to base their lives on them. If anything that a Saint has written is causing you any problems or apprehension at all, you are certainly free to disregard it. There is no sin in this.

Steven Greydanus, who has written for Catholic Answers Magazine, “This Rock,” says:

“The correct dictum is not “If we want to go to Heaven, we listen to the saints.” The saints themselves are the first to tell us that the correct dictum is: “If we want to go to Heaven, we listen to the Church.””

decentfilms.com/mail/mailbag-19/199
  • And the Church absolutely does not teach as doctrine that “few are saved, most go to Hell.” This is entirely false.
Particularly bizarre are some of the “visions of Hell” written by the Saints. Such “visions” are a dime a dozen in Catholic literature. For instance:

“I was watching souls going down into the abyss as thick and fast as snowflakes falling in the winter mist.” - St. Benedict Joseph Labre

“But I tremble when I see so many souls lost these days. See, they fall into Hell as leaves fall from the trees at the approach of winter.” - St. Jean Marie Baptiste Vianney
  • Also, the visions of Fatima contain some (I would say) needlessly terrifying visions of Hell.
Fortunately, the Catholic Church also directly teaches that we are most certainly NOT required to put our faith in such “visions.” Such things are referred to as “private revelations.” We not obligated to believe them at all. The Catechism says:
*
“67 Throughout the ages, there have been so-called “private” revelations, some of which have been recognized by the authority of the Church. They do not belong, however, to the deposit of faith. It is not their role to improve or complete Christ’s definitive Revelation, but to help live more fully by it in a certain period of history. Guided by the Magisterium of the Church, the sensus fidelium knows how to discern and welcome in these revelations whatever constitutes an authentic call of Christ or his saints to the Church.”
*
scborromeo.org/ccc/p1s1c2a1.htm
  • The visions of the Saints are firmly out. We are free to ignore them if they represent a stumbling block to our faith. This is a very wise and enlightened teaching indeed.
 
(Continued from above)

As for all the “Hell-fire” texts listed from the Bible on this forum, I must point out that there are plenty of other texts in the Bible that express God’s intent that ALL will be saved.

Cardinal Urs von Balthasar, one of the greatest Catholic theologians who ever lived, published a book called Dare We Hope That All Men Be Saved? amazon.com/Dare-Hope-Saved-Short-Discourse/dp/0898702070 ,in which he takes direct issue with such “Hell-fire” preaching from the Bible, AND from the Saints. He argues that the “Hell-fire” texts from the Bible in particular have been historically very misrepresented. The Bible also contains plenty of passages indicating that Christians should have a firm and constant hope that “all men” will achieve salvation:

“God…desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and there is one Mediator between God and man, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all.” (1st Tim. 2:4)

“[Christ is] the Savior of all men, especially of those who believe.” (1st Tim. 4:10)

“Now shall the ruler of this world be cast out; and I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all men to myself.” (John 12:31)

“The grace of God has appeared for the salvation of all men.” (Titus 2:11)

“God has consigned all men to disobedience, that he may have mercy upon all…” (Romans 11:32)​

Cardinal von Balthasar points out in his book:

"We are allowed to hope that no human is eternally damned. This is a founded theological hope, it is not a certitude…Will it really be all men who allow themselves to be reconciled? No theology or prophecy can answer this question. But love hopes all things (I Cor. 13:7). It cannot do otherwise than to hope for the reconciliation of all men in Christ. Such unlimited hope is, from the Christian standpoint, not only permitted but commanded."

Urs von Balthasar is most certainly NOT arguing for Universalism (the belief that all are saved, no matter what.) His position is, rather, based on the theological virtue of HOPE. Individual people may indeed all respond to the call of God, even in the last moments of life. Even the worst of people may turn to God in the end. HOPE allows us to sustain such a belief. Hell may indeed be empty.

von Balthasar’s Hell:
“I claim nothing more than this: that give us a right to have hope for all men, which simultaneously implies that I see no need to take the step from the threats to the positing of a hell occupied by our brothers and sisters, through which our hopes would come to naught. I do not wish to contradict anyone who, as a Christian, cannot be happy without denying the universality of hope to us so that he can be certain of his full hell: that is, after all, the view of a large number of important theologians, especially among the followers of Augustine. But, in return, I would like to request that one be permitted to hope that God’s redemptive work for his creation might succeed. Certainty cannot be attained, but hope can be justified. … If we take our faith seriously and respect the words of Scripture, we must resign ourselves to admitting such an ultimate possibility, our feelings or revulsion notwithstanding. We may not simply ignore such a threat; we may not easily dismiss it, neither for ourselves nor for any of our brothers and sisters in Christ.”
 
(Continued from above.)
  • von Balthasar objects directly to those theologians – most of all Calvin, the Scholastics, and Augustine – who just “assume” that most are damned, and that “few are saved.” In particular, von Balthasar singles out Augustine as one of the most offensive of those he calls “Infernalists” (those who believe in almost universal damnation). He mentions some of Augustine’s own remarks:
“It is certain that few are saved.” - St. Augustine

“Many are the grains of wheat, but compared with the chaff, the grains are few.” - St. Augustine

“Beyond a doubt the elect are few.” - St. Augustine

von Balthasar legitimately points out that Augustine’s own opinion – and it IS just a mere OPINION - that so few are saved “has cast an enormous shadow over the history of Western Theology.” von Balthasar indicates that such an opinion is worthy of sharp criticism. He writes: “" We might ask the great Augustine… whether he ever worried, after his conversion, about his eternal salvation." von Balthasar also charges that when writing and speaking of hell "the great man (Augustine), to whom posterity owes so much, did not do that within the limits laid down by the Gospel.”

von Balthasar argues that the Gospel and official Church doctrine leave infinitely more room for the hope that will be saved – far more than the doom-saying of many of the Saints. Indeed, as von Balthasar says, “Such unlimited hope is, from the Christian standpoint, not only permitted but COMMANDED." We are commanded by the very nature of HOPE ITSELF to believe that “all will be saved.” It would be a betrayal of hope to believe otherwise. It would be a betrayal of God’s love for us. A betrayal of the virtues themselves.

von Balthasar’s book, sadly, is one of the few volumes from a major theologian to deal with this unpleasant issue. von Balthasar himself makes the point that there ARE some other theologians writing as he does. But not nearly enough. Even those who agree with him often have trouble accepting the hope that that “all will be saved.” The traditional fear from the Saints is just too strong. What a pity that such a freeing understanding of the Gospels is so bound up in so many layers of terror.

von Balthasar’s book can be seen here: amazon.com/Dare-Hope-Saved-Short-Discourse/dp/0898702070

And the FULL TEXT of the book can be read online here:

books.google.ca/books/about/D…d=7ZfpLWkTtOgC
 
‘The path to Heaven is narrow, rough and full of wearisome and trying ascents, nor can it be trodden without great toil; and therefore wrong is their way, gross their error, and assured their ruin who, after the testimony of so many thousands of saints, will not learn where to settle their footing.’

St. Robert Southwell
 
Since the Roman Catholic Church does not obligate us to listen to the Saints or to base our lives on their writings, I have trouble seeing how this “assures the ruin” of those who choose not to place their faith in the doom-laden belief that “few will be saved,” and “most will be damned.”

I am most certainly not trying to talk anyone out of believing that “few are saved,” and that “virtually everyone goes to Hell.” If that’s what you want to believe, and if that’s what makes you happy, go right ahead and believe it. It’s a free country. Cardinal von Balthasar, in his little book “Dare We Hope That All Men Be Saved?”, actually says this very thing:

“I do not wish to contradict anyone who, as a Christian, cannot be happy without denying the universality of hope to us so that he can be certain of his full hell: that is, after all, the view of a large number of important theologians, especially among the followers of Augustine.”
  • But then von Balthasar says:
“But, in return, I would like to request that one be permitted to hope that God’s redemptive work for his creation might succeed. Certainty cannot be attained, but hope can be justified. … If we take our faith seriously and respect the words of Scripture, we must resign ourselves to admitting such an ultimate possibility.”
  • All von Balthasar is trying to say is that there IS an alternative to believing in all the doom-saying of the Saints. If anyone wishes to believe in this alternative - in the Christian virtue of HOPE that “all will be saved” - then that is our prerogative. The Church does not contradict this. I mention von Balthasar’s view here simply to balance out the scales. We aren’t OBLIGATED by the Church to believe that virtually everyone goes to Hell. This is false.
von Balthasar, also, was a MAJOR theologian, and a friend of Pope Benedict. His view on Hell is a legitimate Catholic view. Some people seek to question von Balthasar’s credentials as a theologian, but this is a mistake. He was one of the most eminent religious thinkers the Catholic Church ever produced. We are CERTAINLY acting within the theology of the Church if we take his words seriously.

Here is a link to another thread on Urs von Balthasar which was CLOSED by the Catholic Answers Staff. In it, someone questions von Balthasar’s theology and credentials, and is repudiated by the final poster. von Balthasar is MOST DEFINITELY worthy of serious attention by Roman Catholics. His thinking is not merely to be dismissed out of hand.

forums.catholic-questions.org/showthread.php?t=137317

Also, I must point out that von Balthasar’s hope that “all will be saved” is NOT the heresy of Universalism. Merely a firm faith in the virtue of Hope itself.

From the back of von Balthasar’s book “Dare We Hope That All Men Be Saved?”:

“The Church’s teaching on Hell has been generally neglected by theologians, with the notable exception of Fr. von Balthasar. Here he responds in a clear and concise way, grounding his reflections clearly in Scripture. Revelation gives us neither the assurance that all will be saved, nor the certitude that any are condemned. What it does require of us is the “hope that all men be saved” rooted in a love of Christ that reaches even into the depths of Hell.”

Love and hope are not “unreserved” love and hope if we have accepted as certain that all are not saved. Von Balthasar writes:

“Whoever reckons with the possibility of even only one person’s being lost besides himself is hardly able to love unreservedly.”

Thus, there is ample room within Roman Catholic theology for the firm and established hope that “all will be saved.” It is not a vain or unfounded view. It is, as stated, based on the virtue of Hope itself.

Again, von Balthasar’s book on Hell can be seen here:

amazon.com/Dare-Hope-Save…/dp/0898702070

And the FULL TEXT of the book can be read online here:

books.google.ca/books/about/D…d=7ZfpLWkTtOgC
 
I would say often but not daily. I pray that God does not send me to hell. I would even take purgatory over hell but hope I go straight to heaven. My mind can barely handle this earth. I can’t fathom an eternal suffering, worse than this. I want God to release me from the burdens of my mind.
 
To be quite honest, I don’t know “how often” I think about Hell. So, I just decided to answer with lowest denominator.

I tend to focus more on God than on Hell. By this I mean that I do not constantly remind myself the flames of Hell await sinners. I know my sin well enough, and the torments of damnation. I don’t fear them. I am driven more by the fact that my sins offend God (in that they transgress the Law, and that they sadden Him) and that my sins wound myself and others.

Instead of focusing so much on the ever-real reality of Hell, I focus more upon the mercy of Christ and how great it is.
 
I would say often but not daily. ** I pray that God does not send me to hell**. I would even take purgatory over hell but hope I go straight to heaven. My mind can barely handle this earth. I can’t fathom an eternal suffering, worse than this. I want God to release me from the burdens of my mind.
God doesn’t send anyone to Hell. Souls go there because of their wilful rejection of God’s love, through sin!

I pray that God would grant me the grace of a contrite heart and to repent of all my sins out of love for Him, and the grace of a happy death! Lord have mercy on the dying!
 
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