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It involves consent, knowledge, and grave matter. It, also, involves how much effort we take, or refuse to take, to inform our conscience. Whether we accept God’s grace or reject it. Whether we are culpable or not involves how obstinate we are or are not to being open to what is true.There are 3 criteria for mortal sin. I have seen them posted here before, but one of them is that you have to know what you are doing is wrong. So, I have seen people talking about masturbation and not going to church as mortal sins…well doesn’t that depend on your opinion of the action then? I don’t think masturbation is bad and I don’t think that not going to mass is bad either. Thus, they cannot be mortal sins for me. I do not think I am doing anything wrong by masturbating or missing mass. “Forgive them Father for they know not what they do.” So basically, if you do something, and don’t think it is bad, then in the end, it is not a mortal sin. Right?
The CCC explains it here:
1790 A human being must always obey the certain judgment of his conscience. If he were deliberately to act against it, he would condemn himself. Yet it can happen that moral conscience remains in ignorance and makes erroneous judgments about acts to be performed or already committed.
1791 This ignorance can often be imputed to personal responsibility. This is the case when a man "takes little trouble to find out what is true and good, or when conscience is by degrees almost blinded through the habit of committing sin."59 In such cases, the person is culpable for the evil he commits.
1792 Ignorance of Christ and his Gospel, bad example given by others, enslavement to one’s passions, assertion of a mistaken notion of autonomy of conscience, rejection of the Church’s authority and her teaching, lack of conversion and of charity: these can be at the source of errors of judgment in moral conduct.
1793 If - on the contrary - the ignorance is invincible, or the moral subject is not responsible for his erroneous judgment, the evil committed by the person cannot be imputed to him. It remains no less an evil, a privation, a disorder. One must therefore work to correct the errors of moral conscience.
