From above:
“To the best of my knowledge, Luther wound up doing quite a lot of picking and choosing. For example, here are two items for your consideration:
1.) For about 1,500 years (prior to Luther’s 95 Thesis in 1517) the Catholic Church had Seven Sacraments - Luther decided his followers only needed 2.
2.) The Catholic Church gave the world the Canon of Holy Scripture in about 400AD through the Magisterium (the teaching authority of the Catholic Church) - Luther decided that Scripture Alone is the governing principle and that people could read the Bible and decide what they wanted to decide.”
Oh my. Regarding sacraments, perhaps I’ll start here:
- Can you cite any church father who spoke of 7 sacraments? Can you even cite anyone at all before 1000 AD who spoke of 7 sacraments?
- To us as Lutherans, what matters is not what the church said
- The word “sacrament” is not used in Scripture the way we use it. It has different definitions to different people. Therefore, arguing about the number of sacraments is a bit silly.
The Lutheran Church has preferred the definition of Augustine, “Accedit verbum ad elementum et fit sacramentum,” “Add the word to the element and it becomes a sacrament.” A “sacrament,” then, includes an outward, material element, and Christ’s command and promise of grace connected with that material element (Augustine’s verbum). Defined that way, there are only two sacraments – Baptism and the Supper. None of the others have all the ingredients.
If you want to remove the requirement for a material element used by God’s command, in fact, the Augsburg Confession is willing to call Absolution a sacrament.
“The Catholic Church gave the world the Canon of Holy Scripture in about 400AD through the Magisterium (the teaching authority of the Catholic Church)”
- Would you please refer me to a list of canonical books from the 5th century which includes the Apocrypha?
- Do you acknowledge that in 1st century Palestine, “the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms” Jesus referred to meant the Hebrew Scriptures, not to the apocryphal books? In other words, the distinction between the inspired OT books and the apocrypha predates even Christ, who gave it his approval.
- Can you help me understand the difference between Luther’s “Sola Scriptura” and Cyril of Jerusalem in his Catechetical Lectures? Cyril instructed his catechumens:
“Concerning the divine and sacred Mysteries of the Faith, we ought not to deliver even the most casual remark without the Holy Scriptures: nor be drawn aside by mere probabilities and the artifices of argument. Do not then believe me because I tell you these things, unless you receive from the Holy Scriptures the proof of what is set forth: for this salvation, which is of our faith, is not by ingenious reasonings, but by proof from the Holy Scriptures.”
“But take and hold that faith only as a learner and in profession, which is by the Church delivered to you, and is established from all Scripture … For the present, commit to memory the Faith *, merely listening to the words; and expect at the fitting season the proof of each of its parts from the Divine Scriptures. For the Articles of the Faith were not composed at the good pleasure of men: but the most important points chosen from all Scriptures, make up the one teaching of the Faith. And, as the mustard seed in a little grain contains many branches, thus also this Faith, in a few words, hath enfolded in its bosom the whole knowledge of godliness contained both in the Old and New Testaments. Behold, therefore, brethren and hold the traditions which ye now receive, and write them on the table of your hearts.”
So, I contend, Luther’s demand for proof from the Scriptures was a reaffirmation of Sola Scriptura. Luther certainly did not invent it.
AIL*