My thoughts about Catholicism and the Catholic Church

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Are you a theologian? If you read “Rome Sweet Rome” then you should know that Hahn, as a theologian, scrutinized every thing about Catholicism and Othodoxy before making any comment or decision. I assure you that he did not skim over, or dismiss anything without serious or deep investigation. It’s all in his book(s).
I used to be a big Scott Hahn fan, and I’ve read Rome Sweet Home several times. This is his argument against Orthodoxy:
So I started looking into Orthodoxy. I met with Peter Gilquist, an evangelical convert to Antiochian Orthodoxy, to hear why he chose Orthodoxy over Rome. His reasons reinforced my sense that Protestantism was wrong; but I also thought that his defense of Orthodoxy over Catholicism was unsatisfying and superficial. Upon closer examination, I found the various Orthodox churches to be hopelessly divided among themselves, similar to the Protestants, except that the Orthodox were split along the lines of ethnic nationalisms; there were Orthodox bodies that called themselves Greek, Russian, Ruthenian, Rumanian, Bulgarian, Hungarian, Serbian and so on. They have coexisted for centuries, but more like a family of brothers who have lost their father.
Further study led me to conclude that Orthodoxy was wonderful for its liturgy and tradition but stagnant in theology. In addition, I became convinced that it was mistaken in doctrine, having rejected certain teachings of Scripture and the Catholic Church, especially the filioque clause (and the son) that had been added to the Nicene Creed. In addition, their rejection of the Pope as head of the Church seemed to be based on imperial politics, more than on any serious theological grounds. This helped me to understand why, throughout their history, Orthodox Christians have tended to exalt the Emperor and the State over the Bishop and the Church (otherwise known as Caesaropapism). It occurred to me that Russia had been reaping the consequences of this Orthodox outlook throughout the twentieth century.
That’s it. Hardly the “serious” “deep” treatment one would expect. (Source here.)

I’m not one for dates, so I suppose it’s possible that they met before ordination, but it’s interesting that he seems to forget that Father Peter Gilquist is an Orthodox priest.
 
Quoted by contarini:
First of all, every Christian is a theologian. In the second place, no I’m not precisely a theologian by training, although I have been teaching theology in the past few years. I’m a church historian with a Ph.D. in religion from Duke University.
Why even ask this? Plainly because you can’t make a reasonable argument and resort to argumentum ad auctoritatem.
OK, I’ve had no formal training in religion, although I have taken some classes in comparative religions. What I do know I have learned on my own. Therefore I submit to your superior knowledge, although I do see a quasi anti-Catholic bias in your responses.

PAX DOMINI :signofcross:

Shalom Aleichem
 
I can agree with your last sentence. I can’t speak for the Easterns, but Orientals understand that there is only one mortal sin - final impenitence. This one mortal sin will send one to hell.

However, there are other sins that Latins call “mortal” but are not considered so by Orientals. The stain for even such sins (not just “venial sins”) have the possibility of being cleansed through the suffrage of the Church according to the Mercy of God in Purgatory (or “Hades,” as Orientals would call it).

As in almost all things, it is a matter of terms and definitions, which should not divide us.

Blessings,
Marduk
Hi mardukm, thanks for your reply. And I would like to say one thing also, I do not believe that we are off the mark as much as you think.

Because actually we are in pretty much complete agreement. Because a mortal sin is a sin that you perform directly against God, and refuse to repent that sin. So we really have the same teaching.

Now this is just me taking here, not a Church Def. but think about it all sins can be mortal in a way, Because what really is a mortal sin, except of course denying the Holy Spirit, that one is a given, but my point is even a venial sin can be mortal for some. Do you know what I mean? Because venial sins are what usually leads you to mortal sin,

But you could die in a so called mortal sin, like for instance adultery, You could be on your way home and just cheated on your spouse, and are indeed sorry but could not make it to confession, but you know you sinned against God, and you are indeed sorry, God knows a heart and you can die in per say mortal sin, but be forgiven by God. Do you see what I mean. So at your death God may forgive it. We do not know Gods mercy.

But in the Roman Rite what constitutes a mortal sin is to sin against God and refuse to repent that sin. So I believe we are on the same page.

What people do not realize purgatory is not a punishment it is a place that we go to get rid of the urge to even sin. Because that is why I believe very very few bypass purgatory. Because in order to enter heaven we must be perfected in Christ and very few of us really are. That is why when we become purged of these sins the urge is wiped away completely and we are truly perfected into Christ then.😃
 
Interesting convo between rinni and mardukum… What I really appreciate out of your exchange is a certain contrast in the POV regarding mortal sin in the Oriental and my own (latin) tradition. I can see an argument for either position, both supportable in scripture though as one might guess I do tend to personally agree more with latin tradition. While one might say it is your unwillingness to repent which is what finally gets you to hell, I do beleive what you will be judged for is your other mortal sins (i.e. murder, rape, blasphomey etc).

@rinni, while I appriciate what you’re trying to say RE even veniel sins being considered mortal I do have to disagree with this stance. I don’t think that venial sin necessarly leads to mortal sin, though I don’t argue that it can.
 
From what I understand ~ I have the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the book Catholicism, a Catholic prayerbook. Study about Vatican I and II. A complete view of the role of the Bishop of Rome, the history of the Papacy and the Chair of St. Peter as the first Pope. Various doctrines state the Catholic Church is the Church of Jesus Christ. Purgatory, Mary as Mediatrix of all Graces, the Immaculate Conception,And other pertinent stuff.

. . .
These are the points on which you have particular questions and or disagreements? I would suggest picking one and starting there, how about the role of the Pope?
 
Interesting convo between rinni and mardukum… What I really appreciate out of your exchange is a certain contrast in the POV regarding mortal sin in the Oriental and my own (latin) tradition. I can see an argument for either position, both supportable in scripture though as one might guess I do tend to personally agree more with latin tradition. While one might say it is your unwillingness to repent which is what finally gets you to hell, I do beleive what you will be judged for is your other mortal sins (i.e. murder, rape, blasphomey etc).

@rinni, while I appriciate what you’re trying to say RE even veniel sins being considered mortal I do have to disagree with this stance. I don’t think that venial sin necessarly leads to mortal sin, though I don’t argue that it can.
I understand what you are saying, and let me say that I agree with you that not all venial sin leads to mortal sin. But what I mean is it usually starts with venial and grows into mortal.

Like drinking for example, it is actually no sin at all, but if you get out of control with it and over do it, it becomes venial. Then if you cannot get control of it and it controls you it becomes mortal. Things like that, maybe for one gambeling, another adultery, another greed you see what I mean. For many it can even be gossip. My Mother would always say that tongue is shaper then a razor blade:D And then Father’s words its not what goes into your mouth which will send you to hell, its what comes out.

But most sin starts out as venial if you really think about it. But you must remember no matter what sin you do in this world you can be forgiven for by God if you are truly sorry and you do repent. But what people do not realize repenting is not just confessing and being sorry. Repenting is to actually change yourself into another person. And that is very difficult for some, impossible for many. There is always a price. And for many as much as they want to choose God they cannot. ( the rich man story will remind you of that:D)
 
I understand what you are saying, and let me say that I agree with you that not all venial sin leads to mortal sin. But what I mean is it usually starts with venial and grows into mortal.

Like drinking for example, it is actually no sin at all, but if you get out of control with it and over do it, it becomes venial. Then if you cannot get control of it and it controls you it becomes mortal. Things like that, maybe for one gambeling, another adultery, another greed you see what I mean. For many it can even be gossip. My Mother would always say that tongue is shaper then a razor blade:D And then Father’s words its not what goes into your mouth which will send you to hell, its what comes out.

But most sin starts out as venial if you really think about it. But you must remember no matter what sin you do in this world you can be forgiven for by God if you are truly sorry and you do repent. But what people do not realize repenting is not just confessing and being sorry. Repenting is to actually change yourself into another person. And that is very difficult for some, impossible for many. There is always a price. And for many as much as they want to choose God they cannot. ( the rich man story will remind you of that:D)
Actually I would suggest it’s that you attempt to change your self, I’ve never heard any priest or respected theologian ever suggest that true repentance demands successfully and permentantly changing your behaviour such that you never again commit the sin you just confessed.

I would gather though, that repentance requires more than most people think it does. For most, the belief is that going to confession at all (once a year) is more than sufficient. I would say rather, (as you were getting at to start with) that it more requires a personal determination to end the sin. We may fall again, but I think it demands we remain resolute against repeating the behaviour.
 
Actually I would suggest it’s that you attempt to change your self, I’ve never heard any priest or respected theologian ever suggest that true repentance demands successfully and permentantly changing your behaviour such that you never again commit the sin you just confessed.

I would gather though, that repentance requires more than most people think it does. For most, the belief is that going to confession at all (once a year) is more than sufficient. I would say rather, (as you were getting at to start with) that it more requires a personal determination to end the sin. We may fall again, but I think it demands we remain resolute against repeating the behaviour.
I don’t know then:confused: I guess we were taught differently then. I was taught that when you confess a sin you really do have to change that behavior to be rid of the sin completely:shrug:

I was always taught that, going back to the topic of conversation that is what purgatory was. If you did indeed repent that sin but did not totally cleanse yourself from that sin you get that complete cleansing from purgatory and thats how you become perfectly perfected in Christ.

And I was also taught that you can be perfectly perfected in Christ if you go to confession, and do repent and ask for forgivenss you can indeed receive the Grace from God to be perfected from that sin. But if when you die you did not die completely to that sin you have purgatory time.🤷

So you are right, we do see things a little different.🙂
 
I don’t know then:confused: I guess we were taught differently then. I was taught that when you confess a sin you really do have to change that behavior to be rid of the sin completely:shrug:
There is a difference between becoming perfect, and making a valid Confession. Surely you would not require people to have become perfect already, before they can make a valid Confession? :confused:
I was always taught that, going back to the topic of conversation that is what purgatory was. If you did indeed repent that sin but did not totally cleanse yourself from that sin you get that complete cleansing from purgatory and thats how you become perfectly perfected in Christ.
You can make a good Confession, and still end up in Purgatory. 😉
And I was also taught that you can be perfectly perfected in Christ if you go to confession, and do repent and ask for forgivenss you can indeed receive the Grace from God to be perfected from that sin. But if when you die you did not die completely to that sin you have purgatory time.🤷
This is true - and it doesn’t mean that there was anything wrong with your Confessions, if you happen to end up in Purgatory. If you had not gone to Confession, you would have ended up in Hell.
 
The point I was originally making was that 1 Peter’s reference to the “spirits in prison” does nothing to support the Western Catholic view of Purgatory as opposed to the Orthodox view–on the contrary, it fits better with the Orthodox view.

Edwin
 
[SIGN][/SIGN]
There is a difference between becoming perfect, and making a valid Confession. [SIGN]Surely you would not require people to have become perfect already, before they can ma[/SIGN]ke a valid Confession? :confused:

You can make a good Confession, and still end up in Purgatory. 😉

This is true - and it doesn’t mean that there was anything wrong with your Confessions, if you happen to end up in Purgatory. If you had not gone to Confession, you would have ended up in Hell.
No, not at all if you were perfect already you would not have to go to confession. What I am saying is this, You must repent and confess your sins in order to be forgiven. But then you have the harder work to do and that is to quit the sin. It is when you have quit the sin and that sin no longer has a hold on you that is is fully repented.

I understand we must have had a different teaching on this. But I was taught and still believe that in order to have a sin truly repented in your heart is to be rid of the sin once and for all.

I know that you may have to go to confession for years and confess the same sin. But I believe that it is in that confession that you not only gain forgiveness from God but you also gain extra grace from God to rid yourself of the sin. And it is when you have fully did this with the help from God that you have fully repented that sin. And to me some sin can take years to fully be rid of, so it takes many years to fully repent a sin.

I don’t know its just me today, for some reason I cannot get my point across the way I need to. Or we indeed were given different meanings of confession.

I would get it from protestants all of my life that us Catholic’s can sin all we want and then go to confession and have it wiped clean and then go sin all over again.

And that is the point I am trying to stress but have failed in being able to explain.🤷
 
No, not at all if you were perfect already you would not have to go to confession. What I am saying is this, You must repent and confess your sins in order to be forgiven. But then you have the harder work to do and that is to quit the sin. It is when you have quit the sin and that sin no longer has a hold on you that is is fully repented.
Right, but these are two different aspects of repentance. You can still go to Confession, even if you have not perfectly repented of the sins that you plan to confess. It is not an invalid Confession, if you know that you are likely to be tempted and fall again in the near future. (Otherwise, who could ever go to Confession, or who would ever be able to receive the Absolution?)
I know that you may have to go to confession for years and confess the same sin. But I believe that it is in that confession that you not only gain forgiveness from God but you also gain extra grace from God to rid yourself of the sin. And it is when you have fully did this with the help from God that you have fully repented that sin. And to me some sin can take years to fully be rid of, so it takes many years to fully repent a sin.
Right, exactly. 👍

Perfection begins with the attempt - including the failed attempt. Most people take several tries before breaking an ingrained habit - no bad habit can be broken overnight.
 
Right, but these are two different aspects of repentance. You can still go to Confession, even if you have not perfectly repented of the sins that you plan to confess. It is not an invalid Confession, if you know that you are likely to be tempted and fall again in the near future. (Otherwise, who could ever go to Confession, or who would ever be able to receive the Absolution?)

Right, exactly. 👍

Perfection begins with the attempt - including the failed attempt. Most people take several tries before breaking an ingrained habit - no bad habit can be broken overnight.
😉 Now thats Catholic teaching and we are now on the same page:thumbsup:
 
**I need help with this.

(I’ve already been to confession and spoke with the orthodox priest)

Ok here is how I will break it down

A couple years ago I was former Lutheran seeing as my family is Protestant. As a result of careful inquiry and study about Orthodoxy I became a catechumen and after completing instruction I was chrismated and accepted into the Eastern Orthodox Church. I understood the elements in Orthodoxy to be a authentic expression of Christianity ~ Which was the main reason why I converted.

After some more study I came to learn more and more about the Catholic Church and could not ignore some of the relevant and fundamental truths of the Catholic faith. After reading so many posts from other Catholics it cause me to think more carefully about which Church I should actually be in - the Roman Catholic Church or the Orthodox Church. Im “somewhat” convinced the Catholic Church is the place to be because of careful study.

So, my basic question is should I remain in the Orthodox Church or continue my studies about Catholicism and the Catholic faith?? What are some thoughts about other Orthodox and Catholics about this issue that I’ve had for quite sometime.

However, in Orthodoxy it seems like there truly is authentic Christianity while the Catholic faith seems more complete and has a better consistency when comes to Church teaching. Another important point I had was accepting the authority of the Bishop of Rome** as a principle of Unity.

So, should I remain in Orthodoxy or become truly Catholic?? I’ve considered this the past couple months.
Wesley:

Seeing as this is a Catholic forum, it should be no surprise that we all think you should be a Catholic ;-). I’m sure someone else has offered this up, but of course you should be praying about this, and asking for the guidance of the Holy Spirit. I’m not sure where the orthodox stand on the real presence, but if you have the blessed sacrament in you Church, I’d spend some time in Christ’s presence every day with your question written on your soul. God himself will give the answer. If Orthodox don’t believe in the real presence, (and I’m almost certain they do, I just don’t want to say the wrong thing), then I’d go to a Catholic church and sit in front of their tabernacle. Jesus is in there for a certainty.

I will pray for you,

At least you are living a sacramental life, and loving Jesus. See where he takes your heart.

Peace and blessings,

Steven
 
Wesley7:

If I may put in my :twocents: worth in, may I suggest that you earnestly study ( not just read ) Orthodoxy and Catholicism ( or any other religion ). Thoroughly open your mind and heart to the Holy Spirit, pray earnestly, and ask for guidance. He, and He alone, will lead you to the truth no matter what we say to try to influence you. In my case I did just that and He led me to Catholicism. God Bless,

PAX DOMINI :signofcross:

Shalom Aleichem
 
Through faith comes understanding. If you think too much or need to understand before believing…you are playing with your salvation. The Catholic Church is God’s Church. I will now pray a rosary for a conversion of all heretics and the heathen.
 
Hello Rinnie,
I have a few comments, but they are not directed at you so much as that your post provoked some thoughts I have always had on the differences in our church traditions. 🙂
No, not at all if you were perfect already you would not have to go to confession.
In my understanding, one will never be perfect.

Now it occurs to me that Catholics may be using this term in a different way, such as “as good as God would want” or something like that, but only God is actually perfect. There is no perfect human being, there may be a norm, or even an ideal. God loves us nonetheless and wants us to come to him, to seek him out.
What I am saying is this, You must repent and confess your sins in order to be forgiven. But then you have the harder work to do and that is to quit the sin. It is when you have quit the sin and that sin no longer has a hold on you that is is fully repented.
I understand what you are saying.

As I see it, one needs to examine the repetition of these sins and get to the underlying drive, the weakness or attitude or what-have-you that causes this. What then, is needed is like counseling. In the Orthodox church this is often part and parcel of confession, however in the Latin Catholic church, this is usually not the case.

With anonymous confession the individual has is a struggle with sin, remorse, heartfelt confession and an applied penance (which seems to most people to be a mild discipline or punishment, perhaps like negative reinforcement). This is when the grace is supposed to kick in (and it does), but we sin again.

This can be a less than adequate method of dealing with the tendency to sin. We want to change, we need personal spiritual direction.

Personal spiritual direction, like counseling, cannot be done anonymously, it has to be done by someone who comes to know one as an individual and thinks about and remembers past conversations. So most Latin Catholics who need this and seek it out have to find a priest who can give one this time on a regular basis. I have a close personal friend (Catholic) who has an appointment with a priest friend of hers about every two weeks for this purpose. I also had an old Catholic priest friend (memory eternal!) I used to visit once in a while and this was often what transpired when we talked.

Pastors can do this, if the congregation is small.

Obviously, if everyone tried to do this, there would not be enough priests.

I think part of the problem is that at some point long ago, the western church introduced anonymous confession. I think I read that this practice was spread by Irish monks, but I don’t really know. This anonymity has separated the act of confession from the “counseling” and made it into a more mechanical process. It is far better to do the spiritual direction in concert with confession, which I believe was more common in the earlier centuries. One’s confessor would know the tendencies and weaknesses of a person, and help or guide them to a higher state of being in Christ. Specific spiritual exercises tailored to help master the passions will help the penitent make better moral choices going forward.

For Latin Catholics the apparent corrective is to generally avoid the box and avail oneself the use of the recently reintroduced face to face confession whenever possible, taking care to meet with the same confessor on a regular basis.
… But I was taught and still believe that in order to have a sin truly repented in your heart is to be rid of the sin once and for all.
It can’t be done. Salvation is a process, there is never a point where the tendency to sin is completely gone (until perhaps, death overtakes us). It’s like doing the laundry, there is always more, but what we have to wash will change with the seasons.

We can become godlike (or strive for that) but we can never be God. We can try to narrow the gap between us and our Divine Maker, but never close it. The object should be a continual improvement (that’s how I see it), so the goal is never really attained, it is continually before us. God moves us through our desire to be with Him.
I know that you may have to go to confession for years and confess the same sin. But I believe that it is in that confession that you not only gain forgiveness from God but you also gain extra grace from God to rid yourself of the sin. And it is when you have fully did this with the help from God that you have fully repented that sin. And to me some sin can take years to fully be rid of, so it takes many years to fully repent a sin.
Here now, the emphasis is on full repentence. Most people are not really sure what that means. Many will concentrate on dwelling on the past failures and generating sorrows over them, which is not healthy.

The point should be to turn one’s life around “go, and sin no more …” (this turning around is called metanoia). Yes, regret and sorrow over past failings is needed, but once one has done this, it is time to move on. That’s the Good News, God forgives.

This brings me to a major difference in our Faith traditions. In the East (at least among Orthodox) God forgives in confession completely, but in the west a notion has taken hold that God’s justice still demands some satisfaction, some balancing of the scales, or a payment to rectify the wrong.

Now don’t get me wrong, there is no question that rectification is important, it is even a healthy cathartic practice. Did you steal a pen from work? Put it back! Did you kill a man? Help his family!

Neglecting to do the right thing in love can be a sin itself (like passing a truly needy begger without acknowledging their humanity), and so when possible this should be done but when God forgives one in confession that person is completely forgiven and Orthodox do not see the warrant for further punishments.
 
Hello Rinnie,
I have a few comments, but they are not directed at you so much as that your post provoked some thoughts I have always had on the differences in our church traditions. 🙂
No, not at all if you were perfect already you would not have to go to confession.
In my understanding, one will never be perfect.

Now it occurs to me that Catholics may be using this term in a different way, such as “as good as God would want” or something like that, but only God is actually perfect. There is no perfect human being, there may be a norm, or even an ideal. God loves us nonetheless and wants us to come to him, to seek him out.
What I am saying is this, You must repent and confess your sins in order to be forgiven. But then you have the harder work to do and that is to quit the sin. It is when you have quit the sin and that sin no longer has a hold on you that is is fully repented.
I understand what you are saying.

As I see it, one needs to examine the repetition of these sins and get to the underlying drive, the weakness or attitude or what-have-you that causes this. What then, is needed is like counseling. In the Orthodox church this is often part and parcel of confession, however in the Latin Catholic church, this is usually not the case.

With anonymous confession the individual has is a struggle with sin, remorse, heartfelt confession and an applied penance (which seems to most people to be a mild discipline or punishment, perhaps like negative reinforcement). This is when the grace is supposed to kick in (and it does), but we sin again.

This can be a less than adequate method of dealing with the tendency to sin. We want to change, we need personal spiritual direction.

Personal spiritual direction, like counseling, cannot be done anonymously, it has to be done by someone who comes to know one as an individual and thinks about and remembers past conversations. So most Latin Catholics who need this and seek it out have to find a priest who can give one this time on a regular basis. I have a close personal friend (Catholic) who has an appointment with a priest friend of hers about every two weeks for this purpose. I also had an old Catholic priest friend (memory eternal!) I used to visit once in a while and this was often what transpired when we talked.

Pastors can do this, if the congregation is small.

Obviously, if everyone tried to do this, there would not be enough priests.

I think part of the problem is that at some point long ago, the western church introduced anonymous confession. I think I read that this practice was spread by Irish monks, but I don’t really know. This anonymity has separated the act of confession from the “counseling” and made it into a more mechanical process. It is far better to do the spiritual direction in concert with confession, which I believe was more common in the earlier centuries. One’s confessor would know the tendencies and weaknesses of a person, and help or guide them to a higher state of being in Christ. Specific spiritual exercises tailored to help master the passions will help the penitent make better moral choices going forward.

For Latin Catholics the apparent corrective is to generally avoid the box and avail oneself the use of the recently reintroduced face to face confession whenever possible, taking care to meet with the same confessor on a regular basis.
… But I was taught and still believe that in order to have a sin truly repented in your heart is to be rid of the sin once and for all.
It can’t be done. Salvation is a process, there is never a point where the tendency to sin is completely gone (until perhaps, death overtakes us). It’s like doing the laundry, there is always more, but what we have to wash will change with the seasons.

We can become godlike (or strive for that) but we can never be God. We can try to narrow the gap between us and our Divine Maker, but never close it. The object should be a continual improvement (that’s how I see it), so the goal is never really attained, it is continually before us. God moves us through our desire to be with Him.
I know that you may have to go to confession for years and confess the same sin. But I believe that it is in that confession that you not only gain forgiveness from God but you also gain extra grace from God to rid yourself of the sin. And it is when you have fully did this with the help from God that you have fully repented that sin. And to me some sin can take years to fully be rid of, so it takes many years to fully repent a sin.
Here now, the emphasis is on full repentence. Most people are not really sure what that means. Many will concentrate on dwelling on the past failures and generating sorrows over them, which is not healthy.

The point should be to turn one’s life around “go, and sin no more …” (this turning around is called metanoia). Yes, regret and sorrow over past failings is needed, but once one has done this, it is time to move on. That’s the Good News, God forgives.

This brings me to a major difference in our Faith traditions. In the East (at least among Orthodox) God forgives in confession completely, but in the west a notion has taken hold that God’s justice still demands some satisfaction, some balancing of the scales, or a payment to rectify the wrong.

Now don’t get me wrong, there is no question that rectification is important, it is even a healthy cathartic practice. Did you steal a pen from work? Put it back! Did you kill a man? Help his family!

Neglecting to do the right thing in love can be a sin itself (like passing a truly needy begger without acknowledging their humanity), and so when possible this should be done but when God forgives one in confession that person is completely forgiven and Orthodox do not see the warrant for further punishments.
 
I’m a Christian but not completely Catholic.

Are you supposed to equate Christianity with Catholicism?

. .
 
I’m a Christian but not completely Catholic.

Are you supposed to equate Christianity with Catholicism?

. .
Well, Catholics are Christians and they were here long before Protestants. But, no. There is a difference in beliefs today ( mostly all theological ).

PAX DOMINI :signofcross:

Shalom Aleichem
 
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