We have answers. Even though you don’t believe at all, you even have that “God sized hole” in your being, that desire for the Transcendent. This is natural. We all do.
Contemplate on the following:
- The fact of existence
- The fact of ordered existence
The Church has answers to your questions. Is a murderer who truly repents saved? Ultimately the Judgement belongs to God, but we say yes, so long as he dies in the state of Grace.
Why do bad things happen?
Because we are separated from God by sin, and the farther we travel from Him, the more we are lost and lost. There are much more complex answers and a variety of factors of course.
And there are various prayer studies that show prayer works. The ones that don’t are rare, and usually have some flaw like not being double blind or having premade prayers (presumably made by the scientists). But what gets the media attention? the one that goes against us, of course.
See
Brown, C. G., S. C. Mory, R. Williams, and M. J. McClymond. 2010. Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Proximal Intercessory Prayer (STEPP) on Auditory and Visual Impairments in Rural Mozambique. Southern Medical Journal 103: 864-869
And, though this is a fairly protestant website, view here
http://www.godandscience.org/apologetics/prayer.html