Look, let’s cut to the quick.
Let’s not. Cutting to the quick usually leaves out a lot of really important stuff that is inconvenient for the cutter’s agenda.
With rare exception, the Protestant churches (plural) owe the beginning to the religious upheaval in the 16th century when Luther, Calvin, and their followers broke with Roman unity and began religious institutions of their own. You know it and I know it. Few of these sects will admit this, of course.
Your experience of Protestantism does not appear to be extensive, apart from some of the more radical primitivist movements.
They claim to be the original Church of Christ which goes back to apostolic times.
A few do.
But when they try to prove their claim, they fall back on two expedients: either they deny Catholicism was ever the true Church and trace their geneology through the gallery of heretics from Marcion and Arius and Luther, Calvin and Zwingli; or they admit that Catholics formed the true Church up to the Reformation but, contrary to the promise of Christ, were overcome by the gates of hell so that a new church had to be founded.
You are assuming that Christ’s promise was made to the Roman see or something like that. If the promise was made to the Church as a whole, then the second argument you describe does not contradict Christ’s promise at all. According to this view (held by very conservative traditional Protestants), the Roman papacy and the religious body in communion with it fell into formal apostasy when it “anathematized the Gospel” at Trent. There was therefore no point at which the Church as a whole apostasized. The medieval Church developed various corruptions, both doctrinal and practical. The Reformers tried to address these corruptions Biblically. The “Roman Catholic Church” rejected these Biblical reforms and committed itself to doctrinal corruption, thus ceasing to be a true Church.
I disagree with this view strongly, and so do most Protestants. But it’s not an incoherent position and can’t simply be refuted by talking about “Christ’s promise.” (It is refuted by looking at what Catholics actually believe, by looking at Scripture without forcing it through the narrow gauge of Protestant confessionalism, and by looking at the evident holiness in the lives of post-Reformation Catholics.)
Certain denominations, like the Lutherans emphasize the second method.
The more conservative Lutherans say this. The more moderate/liberal ones do not.
Not all Baptists do this. The position you have in mind is held by the most radically fundamentalist Baptists. Believe it or not, there are many Baptists who are not radical fundamentalists. The Baptist historian Leon McBeth, for instance, refuted this view in his book
The Baptist Heritage, which is the standard history of the Baptist tradition (loaned me by a Southern Baptist pastor as the basic book to read to learn about Baptists).
and Episcopalians, prefer the first.
Surely you are kidding! Episcopalians laugh when they hear this nonsense.
I think what you have in mind is the argument made by some Anglicans that Anglicanism somehow represents a pure “Catholic” Christianity in continuity with the early Church, never quite assimilated to the “Roman” Catholicism of Continental Europe. This is not the same thing as the “Trail of Blood” kind of argument, because it almost never goes along with the claim that Continental Catholicism was apostate. However, it remains a pretty silly line of argument, and most Anglicans would agree with me.
Most Protestants today, including practically all Anglicans, affirm that your Church is a true Church without any qualification. Even in the bitterly polemical sixteenth century, the great Anglican theologian Richard Hooker got into trouble with the Puritans by refusing to say outright that your Communion was *not *a true Church (though he put a lot more qualifications on it than we would do today). You are simply misinformed about what Protestants believe, just as many Protestants are misinformed about what you believe.
I think it was Orestes Brownson who charged that Protestantism has no fixed and permanent character except hatred for Catholicism
That’s true if you define Protestantism in opposition to Catholicism. In other words, Protestantism doesn’t have some kind of positive core that all Protestants share but Catholics don’t. Protestantism is a reaction to perceived problems within Catholicism, and the reaction has taken many different forms. I believe that various specific Protestant traditions preserve truths and practices that your Communion has lost or has failed to emphasize. But these aren’t things that you can necessarily lump together as a common “Protestant” heritage. They have a lot of things in common, but they take many different forms.
Church historians correctly say there are two fundamental principles of the Reformation: the supreme authority of Scripture and the doctrine of justification by faith.
But it’s pretty much impossible to define these in a way that will include all Protestants and exclude all Catholics.
This was the assertion of man’s independence of any society as the final arbiter in questions of faith and morals. It was the Protestant belief in the inspiration of the individual and the consequent right of private judgment.
That’s anachronistic. It’s something that later Protestants, particularly in the era of the Enlightenment, came up with after the fact as a “basic principle of the Reformation.” it’s not something the Reformers taught.
So basic is this principle that by it we may explain not only the Protestant imperviousness to history
You guys need to get out from under Newman’s shadow. He was responding to a particular kind of 19th-century Protestantism which *did *glorify absolute individualism and thus *was *impervious to history (because in the end only the perceptions of the individual Christian counted). This is by no means dead, but it has never been universally characteristic of Protestantism and is much less so now than it was in Newman’s day.
If this is what you mean by Catholic triumphalism, then that is just fine with me.
No, I mean the *Catholic *imperviousness to history, which results from the determination to read back into history what your Magisterium currently teaches, explaining away any historical evidence that is incompatible with this. Like its Protestant counterpart, this Catholic “imperviousness to history” is by no means universal. Imperviousness to history (or triumphalism) is not unique to Protestants or to Catholics. It just takes different forms among each.
Edwin