I’m not speaking merely in terms of money, but also of the cultures of the wealthy and of the poor. In my town there is a private school and a public one. I’m one of the fortunate ones who was born into a background where I could attend the private school. Success was expected of us. We had a comfortable home life that allowed us to flourish, and we were mostly given encouragement at home and at school. We were told that we could be doctors, attorneys, engineers, etc. And many of my fellow classmates, including myself, and now in these types of professional programs at school. My family is not of some level of extreme wealth or anything, but my dad went to a very good university, and I was in an atmosphere of comfort. On the contrary, the public school in my area can get kind of rough. Some students do not have heat or proper homes or anyone who cares enough to encourage them to take a “white collar” career path. I do whole-heartedly believe that it is much harder for these students to achieve financial success, not merely due to their lack of financial resources, but also due to the cultural of poverty.
True enough. But one has to ask oneself why some cultures are one way and others are another way, and why there are exceptions. When I was a kid, we burned wood and our house had three rooms, at least initially. No plumbing either. My father never got out of the ninth grade. Was that a “culture of poverty” then? I attended college and graduate school. Every one of my siblings did too. When I got to college I was simply astonished at the educations my classmates had gotten, and their resources.
I don’t for a minute doubt that there is some kind of cultural drop-off going on. But is it due to poverty itself, or to something else? Very obviously, in the past poverty was not considered an insurmoutable barrier to advancement. Certainly, I considered it a barrier, but never thought insurmountable. Why is it so considered now?
Is it because all of the most intelligent and the most motivated escaped and there is now some kind of genetic degeneration going on? Has all of the cream risen to the top, so to speak, in terms of culture and inherited characteristics?
Or is it perhaps that those in poverty are assailed by a multitude of things that hold them down; drugs, illegitimacy, sexual license, a “robber culture” that elevates criminality, a “dependency culture” that denervates?
I don’t think we know. I don’t think we have a clue, really. But it does seem that the assumed wisdoms of the last few decades; that poverty is the root cause of this or of that on a widespread basis, is off the mark somehow, and that somehow or other if we simply pass out enough money it will all be corrected.
I realize there is more to life than literature, but, as a person who lives in the very country in which “Winter’s Bone” was set, I can’t help but think (as undoubtedly the readers or watchers of that did) Ree Dolly was not going to fail. She eschewed the meth and the “doobie” and the illegitimacy and the criminality. Her aspiration was to join the army and to get a better life for her siblings and herself. No, she wouldn’t be a doctor or a lawyer. Maybe a Master Sergeant or even a Sergeant Major if she applied herself and had a bit of luck. Maybe she would learn to be an aircraft mechanic and make a good living outside the armed forces sometime or other.
She was different, despite the fact that every single thing in her background and culture was degenerative in the extreme, and all of us readers and watchers knew she was different. And more than that, we identified with her unless we were born into comfort and maybe even if we were. Was she just smarter? More determined, definitely. More observant, yes. More thoughtful? Absolutely. Had a better underlying way of thinking about life? Of course.
Despite the film’s representation, this area is actually rather well off except in pockets, some of which really are horrific. But do I know any Ree Dollys? Absolutely. Do I know any who have succeeded in life? Yes. Do I know any of that background who haven’t. Yes to that too.
I think sometimes that literature can be a better teacher than all the psychologists and sociologists. That’s why it holds our interest; why it makes us think; why some of it is lasting. I also think that instead of focusing on poverty itself, we might do better to wonder just what accounts for the Ree Dollys.