The dignity of man rests above all on the fact that he is called to communion with God. (CCC 27)
Nothing about executing a person changes his relationship with God, so in what way can it be considered a violation of his dignity?
The dignity of man is grounded in his relationship in God, but it is not restricted to it. Human nature is above that of animals. Human dignity is inherent to our nature. Our lives always have value because we are always capable of love, both for God and for our fellow humans. We never lose that capacity to love, and are called to live it more fully than we may currently do or have done.
Does anyone believe that being executed somehow diminished the dignity of the martyrs? Don’t we rather consider their dignity enhanced by the way they endured their martyrdom?
We value martyrdom because of the element of self-sacrifice, given in love to God. Perhaps some executed prisoners could be considered martyrs, giving up their lives freely. But I suspect that isn’t true in most cases. At any rate, the virtue of martyrs does not justify the act of martyring them.
The strongest argument against your position, however, is that the Church always has supported the right of the State to apply capital punishment. Either such punishment is not a violation of human dignity or the Church supported the violation of human dignity for nearly two millennia.
Not necessarily. In centuries past, prisons were much less secure and the possibility of escape much more real than today - at least in the developed nations of the world. In earlier times, and perhaps in the less developed nations of the world today, the death penalty could be justified in terms of self defense and protecting the common good. However, those conditions have changed in much of the world and the Catholic Church’s understanding of those changes reflects that.
Actually, this is exactly the position of the Catholic Church. I’m travelling for the next few days and don’t have access to all my notes, but Pius XII said something like this (paraphrasing) “by his action he has forfeited his right to live.”
This sounds very important, as well as very interesting. I understand you are traveling (the Lord protect you) and look forward to reading what the Pope said in more detail when you return.
The problem with this argument is that rehabilitation is, along with protection and deterrence, a secondary objective of punishment
I’m not sure that is true. Would you be willing to explain your reasoning?
You simply assert that capital punishment is dehumanizing without trying to explain what makes it so. I’ll ask again: given this - (CCC 357) *Being in the image of God the human individual possesses the dignity of a person - *how does his being executed affect a person’s dignity given that it is based on his being made in the image of God, which man cannot alter? It is the sinner who wounds his own dignity, not the State which imposes a just punishment.
A murderer has wounded himself, but no one is beyond redemption. Depriving an imprisoned murderer, who is no longer a threat to society, deprives him of the opportunity of repentance and atonement. The death penalty is not just if serves no purpose other than retribution.