Leo XIII:
From Quod Apostolici Muneris
The inequality of rights and of power proceeds from the very Author of nature, “from whom all paternity in heaven and earth is named.”[8] But the minds of princes and their subjects are, according to Catholic doctrine and precepts, bound up one with the other in such a manner, by mutual duties and rights, that the thirst for power is restrained and the rational ground of obedience made easy, firm, and noble.
…the Church, with much greater wisdom and good sense, recognizes the inequality among men, who are born with different powers of body and mind, inequality in actual possession, also, and holds that the right of property and of ownership, which springs from nature itself, must not be touched and stands inviolate.
From Rerum Novarum
There naturally exist among mankind manifold differences of the most important kind; people differ in capacity, skill, health, strength; and unequal fortune is a necessary result of unequal condition. Such inequality is far from being disadvantageous either to individuals or to the community.
No matter what changes may occur in forms of government, there will ever be differences and inequalities of condition in the State. Society cannot exist or be conceived of without them. Some there must be who devote themselves to the work of the commonwealth, who make the laws or administer justice, or whose advice and authority govern the nation in times of peace, and defend it in war. Such men clearly occupy the foremost place in the State, and should be held in highest estimation, for their work concerns most nearly and effectively the general interests of the community.
From Pius XII,
Christmas Message, 1944:
In a people worthy of the name all inequalities based not on whim but on the nature of things, inequalities of culture, possessions, social standing – without, of course, prejudice to justice and mutual charity – do not constitute any obstacle to the existence and the prevalence of a true spirit of union and brotherhood.
On the contrary, so far from impairing civil equality in any way, they give it its true meaning; namely, that, before the state everyone has the right to live honorably his own personal life in the place and under the conditions in which the designs and dispositions of Providence have placed him.
From John Paul II,
Sollicitudo rei socialis
It should be noted that in today’s world, among other rights, the right of economic initiative is often suppressed. Yet it is a right which is important not only for the individual but also for the common good. **Experience shows us that the denial of this right, or its limitation in the name of an alleged “equality” of everyone in society, diminishes, or in practice absolutely destroys the spirit of initiative, that is to say the creative subjectivity of the citizen. As a consequence, there arises, not so much a true equality as a “leveling down.” **In the place of creative initiative there appears passivity, dependence and submission to the bureaucratic apparatus which, as the only “ordering” and “decision-making” body - if not also the “owner”- of the entire totality of goods and the means of production, puts everyone in a position of almost absolute dependence, which is similar to the traditional dependence of the worker-proletarian in capitalism. This provokes a sense of frustration or desperation and predisposes people to opt out of national life, impelling many to emigrate and also favoring a form of “psychological” emigration.
Also, please note Pius X,
Notre Charge Apostolique as well as John XXIII,
Ad Petri Cathedram (38-40).
I am not, repeat not, trying to use those as an excuse for an excessively compensated CEO cheating a line worker from his/her wages or, for that matter, artificially depressing salaries through despicable actions like bringing in lower-paid illegal aliens or fraudulently asserting a lack of talent in a justification for H1B visas…or the like. But the mere existence of inequality, at least if one would believe Leo XIII, Pius X, Pius XII, John XXIII, or John Paul II, is not the issue. What those with wealth do with their money and how they treat their subordinates is the issue. Do they respect the inherent human dignity of their subordinates? And so on. If they do, then I congratulate them. If they don’t, well, no government power in the world will stop them from cheating if they wish to cheat.