But how is this doctrine received by Jeshua if he never said it?
It was interpreted this way by mortal men of another era, culture, and context nearly 2000 years ago. Today, and for a long time now, many people look at Jesus’ words and actions and don’t see this interpretation at all–not at all.
“People” weren’t given the guarantee by Christ to properly interpret His truths. His Body, the Church, however, was. Especially Peter and his successors, the Popes.
Keep in mind that NOT everything Jesus said, did, and taught are IN the Bible. (See John 21:25)
Yet, Jesus commanded the Apostles (and, by extension, their successors, the bishops) to go forth and teach “all” that He had taught them. (See Matt. 28:20).
So, if they were to teach “all” that Jesus taught them, and NOT everything Jesus taught is IN the Bible, where’s the rest?!
In the oral teachings of Christ, which we call Sacred Tradition (see 2 Thes 2:15), which have been faithfully carried forward, by the power of the Holy Spirit, for almost 2000 years now.
Jesus never wrote a book.
To the best of our knowledge, Jesus never commanded anyone to write a book.
The vast majority of people were illiterate until the last century. Until the late 1800’s, universal literacy was not a consideration. Therefore, a Bible-only, Bible-reading Church was not practical. It would have precluded the vast majority of people and been reduced to the literate elite.
Couple that with St. Peter’s warning not to self-interpret Scripture (2 Peter 1:20), and the disastrous results of self-interpreting Scripture (Protestantism, which continues to splinter into thousands of man-made, doctrinallly disunified denominations), and you have the Church as your sure guide. In fact, 1 Tim 3:15 calls the Church the “pillar and foundation of truth.” Historically, the only Christian Church in existance was the Catholic Church. The Orthodox split off in 1054 A.D., and Protestantism didn’t split off till 1517 A.D.