These are all opinion pieces, and this “global hectare” business is totally opinion. I’m not too impressed with Wikipedia either, since anybody can put anything on it. Here are some facts:
From 1950 to 1992, crop production went up 2.75 times in the U.S.
However, land used for crops decreased from 1948 levels in the U.S. to today.
hoover.org/publications/digest/5955916.html
Total cropland in the U.S. is 445 million acres or about 1.5 acres per person. The U.S. is a large food exporter. About 10% of U.S. cropland is not being used due to governmental set aside programs. Total pastureland in the U.S. is 398 million acres or just a bit more than 1 acre per person. The U.S. is a large exporter of meat, and a large per capita consumer of meat, as we all know.
ers.usda.gov/statefacts/us.htm
Brazil alone can easily open up 420 million more acres of cropland and send food prices worldwide spiraling downward below profitability levels in the U.S.; a major concern to agriculture in all of North America.
cropchoice.com/leadstry5314.html?recid=2438
Worldwide statistics of available cropland and pastureland vary wildly. depending on the source. But it appears the potential Brazilian addition alone would increase worldwide cropland IN ACRES by approximately 25%. Of course, in Brazil one can harvest 3 crops of, say, soybeans per year versus one crop in the U.S., suggesting a 75% increase in potential worldwide row crop production from that source alone.
China is self sufficient in food production with .27 acres of cropland per person versus the 1.5 acres in the U.S. But China is not a big exporter, as is the U.S. and does not use row crops for things like biofuels and other non-food purposes on any kind of scale.
None of this takes into account the approximately 8.6 billion acres of pastureland worldwide, more, per capita, than there is in the meat-exporting U.S. by itself.
Of course, productivity is a big element in all of this. While this is a limited area of experience, pasture management practices in my part of the world have changed greatly in even the last 10 years, resulting in very large productive increases. As in all things, knowledge and management mean a lot.
Given that Zimbabwe, for example, has turned from a big net exporter of food to a big net importer, totally due to governmental mismanagement, there is no particular reason to think that mismanagement is not a much more imminent threat to nutrition than is population.
Unfortunately, this whole issue is fraught with ideology, and most information sources are either narrowly fragmented or very obviously ideologically biased. Suffice it for the moment to say that far and away most of the world is NOT starving, and those areas in which hunger is common are the worst-managed places on earth.
It should also be noted seriously that the greatest part of the world’s population is irrevocably headed toward a population implosion, not an explosion. Europe, North America, most of Latin America, and essentially all of Asia (far and away most of the world’s population) are facing inevitable declines because the birth rates are well below replacement rate. It may be noted that the population of Africa (where food is a problem in some places, though not all) is far less than that of Asia where food is not a problem generally, and that the amount of available crop and pastureland in both is about the same.