Questions on Scripture from Muslims

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*"The original Qur’an compiled destroyed by Marwan Ibn Hakam, the Umayyid Caliph, lest it should become a source of trial and commotion. He had ordered Abdullah Ibn 'Umar to recover it. It was brought to his court, where it was torn apart by him. So the original Qur’an, like the original autographs of the New Testament, is longer exant which crushes the whole point of your argument.

That Aramaic was the language Jesus normally used for both conversation and teaching seems clear. No one is disputing that. However, He also spoke Greek. All four Gospels depict Jesus conversing with Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect of Judaea, at the time of his trial (Mark 15;2-5; Matthew 27:11-14; Luke 23:3; John 18:33- 38). There can be little doubt that Jesus and Pilate did engage in some kind of conversation. In what language did Jesus and Pilate converse? There is no mention of an interpreter. Since there is little likelihood that Pilate, a Roman, would have been able to speak either Aramaic or Hebrew, the obvious answer is that Jesus spoke Greek at his trial before Pilate. Similarly, when Jesus conversed with the Roman centurion, a commander of a troop of Roman soldiers, the centurion most likely did not speak Aramaic or Hebrew. It is most likely that Jesus conversed with him in Greek, the common language of the time throughout the Roman empire (see Matt.8:5-13; Luke 7:2-10; John 4:46-53).

Jesus could also read and speak Hebrew. The discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls has proved that Hebrew was used quite extensively in certain circles, especially for religious purposes. Jesus stood up and read the Hebrew Scriptures in the synagogue of Nazareth (Luke 4:16-20), showing He could also read and speak Hebrew. Some Hebrew words are also preserved in the gospels, such as, Ephphatha (“Be opened”; Mark 7:34); Amen (“Amen”: Matt. 5:26; Mark 14:30). The fact that Jesus Christ and the disciples all knew and spoke Greek, as a “third language,” in addition to Aramaic and Hebrew, is also indicated and supported by the fact that all the gospels and epistles of the New Testament are written and preserved in the Greek language.

Does God Almighty have the power to preserve His name in whatever language He chooses? Of course He does. And it is patently obvious that He choose to preserve the New Testament Scriptures in Greek – not Aramaic or Hebrew! The fact that Jesus and the Apostles all spoke Greek is another nail in the coffin of “language-worshippers.” As Christ said, “Thy word is truth” (John 17:17); “the Scripture cannot be broken” (John 10:35).

Jesus did, indeed, profess to be God incarnate:

John 5:18 – “For this cause therefore the Jews were seeking all the more to kill Him, because He not only was breaking the Sabbath, but also was calling God His own Father, making Himself equal with God.”

John 8:58 – “Jesus said to them, ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was born, I am’” which is referring to Exodus 3:14 – “And God said to Moses, ‘I AM WHO I AM’; and He said, Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’”

John 10:30-33–"‘I and the Father are one.’ The Jews took up stones again to stone Him. Jesus answered them, ‘I showed you many good works from the Father; for which of them are you stoning Me?’ The Jews answered Him, ‘For a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy; and because You, being a man, make Yourself out to be God.’"

St. Thomas the Apostle declared concerning Jesus, “My Lord and my God” (John 20:28). Jesus does not correct him. In Apocalypse, an angel instructed the apostle John to only worship God (Apocalypse 19:10). Several times in Scripture Jesus receives worship (Matthew 2:11; 14:33; 28:9, 17; Luke 24:52; John 9:38). He never rebukes people for worshiping Him. If Jesus were not God, He would have told people to not worship Him, just as the angel in Apocalypse did. There are many other passages of Scripture that argue for Jesus’ deity.

The only one who has been fooled is you. You accept another, man-made gospel as was warned about in Galatians 1:8 and not the Gospel that was revealed by Christ."*
 
The bottom line is that Muslims have been lied to by someone, and they believe it. Nothing that you or I or anyone else on earth has to say will change such a heart.

We offer prayer for them that the Holy Spirit will somehow bring about their conversion.
 
I did some more research into these subjects earlier and composed a response to his objections. I thought you all would like to see it:

*"No need to get upset or beligerant, I was merely attempting to have a civil conversation and address your questions but, if you insist on being insulting … I did, in fact, provide you with answers but you don’t seem to understand them or Christian history (which would provide some context) for that matter. Your assumption that a complete and clear-cut canon of the New Testament existing from the beginning–that is from Apostolic times–has no foundation in history and therefore your statements are not factual at all. In reality, the Bible is not a single work but rather an anthology of 73 books written by approximately 40 authors over a 1,400-year period that ended nearly 2,000 years ago. As such, the original copies of these works have not lasted to today, though a large number of early copies allow us to reconstruct the text as it stood in its earliest form.

For example, the Old Testament was written from the time of Moses (approximately 1400 BC) until the time of the Maccabees (approximately 100 BC). Copies of most Old Testament books have been preserved from as early as the second century BC in the finds of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Numerous Old Testament books have also been preserved in the ancient Cairo Geniza from the 1st century AD. Codex Cairensis includes the Prophets and is dated 895. The Aleppo Codex includes most of the Old Testament and dates from the 930s. The first full Old Testament manuscript in Hebrew, the Leningrad Codex (dated 1008), is over 1,000 years old.

The New Testament includes even more textual evidence to support its accuracy. Its 27 books were composed between the AD 40s-90s. The earliest manuscripts date to the late 1st century within the lives of the Apostles. More than 58,000 Greek manuscripts exist of New Testament writings, enabling comparison to allow a comprehensive reconstruction of the earliest text. The first complete New Testament, the Codex Sinaiticus, dates to the mid-4th century (325-360) and reveals that the New Testament writings had been in circulation as a group long before this time.

Those writings which possessed the unmistakable stamp and guarantee of Apostolic origin must from the very first have been specially prized and venerated, and their copies eagerly sought by local Churches and individual Christians of means, in preference to the narratives and Logia, or Sayings of Christ, coming from less authorized sources. Already in the New Testament itself there is some evidence of a certain diffusion of canonical books: 2 Peter 3:15-16 supposes its readers to be acquainted with some of St. Paul’s Epistles; St. John’s Gospel implicitly presupposes the existence of the Synoptics (Matthew, Mark, and Luke). There are no indications in the New Testament of a systematic plan for the distribution of the Apostolic compositions, any more than there is of a definite new Canon bequeathed by the Apostles to the Church. It was not until the Councils of Hippo and Carthage that the Catholic Church defined which books made it into the New Testament and which didn’t.

The truth is, the Christian Bible can be reconstructed today from the 58,000 copies of original manuscripts still in existence and the 80,000 quotations from early church fathers. Also, many people who actually walked and talked with Jesus wrote to us about His life. The Christian Gospels were so widely distributed that any attempt to change (add/subtract) something in the Christian Gospels would have resulted in immediate discovery.

Muslims should note that nowhere in the Qur’an there is there even a suggestion that the Biblical text has been altered or corrupted. The word “tahrif” is never used with reference to the Bible itself. The Qur’an occasionally accuses the Jews of concealing the truth but it never levels this accusation at Christians. It in no way implies that the text of the Bible has been corrupted. In fact, the Qur’an attests to the validity of the Christian Gospels and the Old Testament.

Hebrew scribes painstakingly copied the Old Testament via a system of checking, double checking and adding each letter on each line. Any attempt to change something in the Old Testament would have resulted in immediate discovery. While the original manuscripts of Scripture are no longer in existence, ample copies from early times exist to provide proof that the text that exists today is what was originally composed.

This same quality of transmission cannot be said of the Qur’an. The Qur’an was written down from 3rd and 4th hand accounts; and from a few thoughts written on scrap papers --and compiled over 150 years after Muhammad died in 632 AD. The oldest Qur’an dates from around 790 AD and it is in the British Library. That’s 158 years after Muhammad’s death.

Muslims often claim that the manuscript of the Qur’an housed in the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul, Turkey is one of the oldest sources. Muslims say it dates from around 650 AD. There is an insurmountable problem with this. This document is written in Kufic (also known as al-Khatt al-Kufi) script. Coins in the British Museum show that the first coins using the Kufic script date from the mid to end of the 8th century. The only script used during and after Muhammad’s days was the Jazm script. The Samarkand (aka: Othman Koran) manuscript in the Soviet Library in Tashkent, Uzbekistan also uses the Kufic script, indicating late 8th century. Many believe it is the oldest in existence. Only about one-third of the original survives.*
Has he responded to your post?
 
Thomas Mac Donagh: You did an excellent job on your presentation. It is sad that the appeal to reason and history will fail to convince him, like so many. The element of self-righteousness(the attitude of infallibility) prevalent in heresies keeps believers in bondage to error. It will take the intervention of God, as it did with St.Paul in his conversion to confirm them in the truth. There is some evidence that this is already happening, eg; Kamal Saleem a former Muslim converted to Christianity after a personal encounter with Jesus, God-man. He has dedicate his life to enlighten his brothers to the truth. The late Bishop Fulton Sheen expressed the idea that Our Lady of Fatima might be instrumental in their conversion because Muhammed had a daughter named Fatima. Meanwhile we must sincerely pray for our separated brothers. Jesus said that “If you live by the sword you shall die by the sword” observe what is happening. I understand the Muslims don’t read the Bible.
 
There are Christians today that use Aramaic as their Liturgical Language - Eastern Catholic, Oriental Orthodox, and Church of the East.

They consider the Peshetto Aramaic their canonical Scriptures.
 
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