I’ve only read the first two pages of this thread, but the answers seem to be all over the place. A lot seem to be off base.
First, I don’t think you can prove that God exists. You can point to this and that as evidence that might lead you to that conclusion, but you can’t prove it, and it’s futile to try.
Second, the Bible and theology have nothing to do with math and science. Math and science explain how the world works. Theology explains why. These are separate questions. It’s folly to mix them.
Third, I think Kierkegaard had it right: You need a “leap of faith” to get to a belief in God. You can’t get there by reason alone (sorry, Aquinas).
Fourth, everyone would benefit from reading about how inspiration and revelation are seen in the Catholic Church. It’s a very logical and reasonable approach that I think even atheists would appreciate. It’s the overall message that is important, not the details. If I read the beginning of Genesis, what is the message? Simple: God created the universe and the universe is good. That’s it. All the business about what was created first, second, third, the seven days, etc. is all a nice story, but that’s not the message, and it doesn’t matter. To try to defend all the details–as many Protestants do–is a futile undertaking. And unnecessary.
Fifth, watch some of the videos by Cristina Rad on youtube. She’s a cute Romanian, brought up Orthodox, but now an atheist. She is hilarious. But as a Catholic, I can happily agree with 99% of what she says.