I think it’s pretty well established in here that the Russian Patriarch is not likely to “recognize” or accept Catholic diocese in Russia. Certainly, he views with hostility any attempt on the part of the Catholic Church to proselytize any of the unchurched in Russia. I think we can all stipulate to that and move on.
Despite early hopes that Russia would join the family of democratic nations, those hopes seem quite distant. That the KGB, now called the FSB runs the place from top to bottom, can hardly be questioned. That Russia never had the “Nuremberg”-style trials that might have purged it, is troubling. That it still maintains the “shrine to Lenin” in Moscow is a powerful symbol that it has not changed. Can one imagine a “shrine to Hitler” remaining in Germany without seriously questioning the reality of its abandonment of Nazism?
In 1997, Russia enacted, with the support of the Patriarch of Moscow, a religion law, which outlaws some religious organizations and limits many. It is sufficiently vague as to allow oppression of almost any religion other than the Russian Orthodox Church. And the potential bases upon which the state may clamp down on one religion or another are the very kind of historical justifications and arguments we see on this thread. Presently, the Jesuits are not allowed to function in Russia under its religion law, for “historical reasons”. During the Soviet era, the KGB definitely oppressed the ROC, but not nearly to the extent it oppressed others, and collaboration became, and remained pervasive right to the end of the Soviet era.
As one who advanced rapidly under Soviet rule; something that could not have happened had he been a known enemy of the Soviet system, the Russian Patriarch’s relationship with the power that rules Russia is a cause for concern. Some dissidents, who claim to have read KGB archives, express grave reservations. One may say what one wants about, e.g., Polish clerics who cooperated with the KGB, the KGB is not in power in Poland any longer. It is in power in Russia, and one cannot assume old relationships have died. Clearly, the PoM and Putin are on cordial terms, if only pretending them.
The PoM can have whatever friends he wants, and he can believe whatever he wants. What Catholics need to be concerned about, though, is the extent to which a church/state consortium in Russia, to whatever extent it may exist, (and given the nature of the Russian state, it’s not likely to be visible on the surface) may intend to suppress Catholicism in Russia through political means. If the current Russian state is anything like its Soviet progenitor (and its intervention into the politics of its neighbors suggests that it is) only major adverse publicity in the West is likely to have any effect on its actions at all.
Therefore, rather than worry about whether the PoM accepts the validity of Catholic sacraments or “recognizes”, in a canonical sense, Catholic dioceses in Russia, Catholics need to be on the alert to publicize as much as possible, and loudly protest, any and all Russian state intervention into the operation of the Church in Russia. Given the availability of Russian oil money to the circle of elites who govern Russia, one can also expect an upsurge of propaganda designed to discredit anything the Russian oligarchy considers “foreign”, or a threat to its absolute rule. As a former KGB colonel, Putin knows the effect Pope John Paul II had in aiding the collapse of the Soviet Union; the empire Putin served loyally, and without known complaint. It’s unlikely he has forgotten. Certainly, Vatican diplomats are capable people, and it is worth noting that the Pope and Putin met. Still, it is also important for Catholics to realize that “shining the light” on adverse Russian actions is part of that diplomatic effort.
The EO are right about one thing. The Catholic Church considers the whole world its rightful place to be, and it isn’t going to accept any religion’s claim to “exclusivity” within any geographical boundary. Given the nature of the Catholic Church, it shouldn’t, if it wishes to remain true to itself. That being the case, it is pointless to think about territorial claims and the historical basis for them, other than to realize and understand that some religions do make such claims and may act upon them forcibly; something that requires watchfulness, exposure and, to the extent possible, resistance.