I don’t see why cannabis has (or needs) any legal status at all, its just a plant, part of nature.
If someone pointed out a tulip in a garden and said it was “illegal”, but the lily next to it was “legal”, it would sound absurd.
I voted option 1. I fully support age laws - just as with other social drugs, such as alcohol - but not tax, as nature being subject to tax is as ridiculous as nature being illegal.
(It is impossible to guarantee high tax returns anyway, as the plant can be easily grown by anyone privately).
As for age - adults only. Cannabis is not addictive or fatal, however it can - just like any food / substance - be abused, leading to lack of motivation which would be bad for students. Also, while it is known to be benign for adults, there are concerns regarding its effect on adolescents still growing / developing. So, age laws make good sense.
The history of cannabis law is quite revealing. Prohibition was sold to the american people by tapping into racist sentiment in the early 20th century. The plant was (falsely) portrayed as being a tool of black / latin men, supposedly out to seduce white girls and undermine white american society (a crudely imagined and nonsensical scenario). This era is known as “reefer madness” in American history.
The hidden, real reasons for cannabis prohibition are very eye opening and, while the racism of the reefer madness era has faded, these reasons remain resonant today. Here are some quick examples of the players who have a hidden interest in lobbying against cannabis:
The Cotton Industry. Hemp (cannabis grown to use as fiber) is much stronger than cotton, does not rot or mildew like cotton does and produces a much higher yield per acre than cotton. Cotton is (one of) the most common fibers we use in clothing etc. Comparing the qualities of Hemp with Cotton shows that a Hemp industry would render the Cotton industry redundant.
The Alcohol Industry. Alcohol companies make a fortune, their wares are global brands. It is a legal social drug, despite it being addictive, potentially fatal (if abused for long enough) and socially problematic (causes violence, car crashes, accidents etc). Governments also make a fortune via taxing alcohol. Cannabis is also a social drug and so would naturally compete with alcohol. Cannabis may appeal more to some people, given it is not physically addictive and non-fatal, and the fact they could “grow their own” to save money. Clearly the Alcohol Industry has a direct interest in suppressing cannabis to, to protect their profits.
Governments. Remember the tax from Alcohol? That makes a lot of money for Governments. Just as non-illegal Cannabis may cause a loss of profits to the alcohol industry, it would likely cause a loss of tax revenue for Governments. Its the same argument and so Governments also have an interest in suppressing cannabis to protect their income stream from taxed legal drugs.
There are others too. Law Enforcement for one (if they didn’t need to Police cannabis, they wouldn’t need such a big budget, right?). Medicine companies are another. They want to chemically reproduce THC from cannabis and sell us that -“marinol” - as opposed to us just having natural cannabis for free.
So that is the situation we are in today. You could argue its not such a big deal for it to be illegal, and I agree it isn’t. But there are some unexpected negative effects of illegality. Mainly these are it forced people who wish to smoke it to go to drug dealers, some of whom may also sell harder / dangerous drugs. So illegality potentially exposes cannabis smokers to hard chemical drugs, things like cocaine, mdma, lsd etc, which may lead to bad choices or pressure to try those. Additionally, the profits from any illegal black market goods often go towards funding and sustaining serious crime. So illegality potentially forces cannabis smokers to indirectly fund serious criminal enterprises. Illegality is definitely counterproductive.
I would favour cannabis having no legal status. The government could make at least some money from it, via licensed shops (of the dutch mould). But many people would chose to grow their own. This would actually be a positive thing for society, as it would make cannabis worthless for drug dealers, damaging their enterprise and reducing the chance that people (esp young people) will be hanging around criminals.
One modern* argument for prohibition is that cannabis can cause a increase in the chance of psychosis, in individuals pre-disposed to the condition. But the rise is negligible, on an already slim chance. And alcohol has the exact same effect on such individuals, meaning the argument is hypocrisy. Even if cannabis did prove “not for everyone”, what is the problem with that? We already accept that alcohol and tobacco are “not for everyone”, for various reasons.
(*If you look through the history of cannabis prohibition, the arguments to maintain illegality often change. That is very revealing).
I am not ashamed to say I have smoked cannabis and indeed enjoyed smoking it (in various European countries, where it is mostly illegal (!) but rarely Policed aggressively. There seems an unspoken mutual code of common sense between Police and smokers.).
I do not promote it as “cool” or at all necessary, just a personal choice from life’s rich tapestry.
One of my favourite places in the world is a certain canal corner in amsterdam, out side an easy-going pub, popular with locals. An outdoors table by the canal side, on a starry night, is the perfect place for a cold beer and (legal) smoke. There’s a pleasant hubub of chat and people shout and wave from barges cruising around, some playing music / with parties etc. The dutch waitress even brings beer right to your table (a novelty for a Britisher). What’s not to like? I could sit there forever.