I understand the Roman Catholic Church is the determinate and supreme Church, the “Mother of all Churches,” who alone determines their catholicity. The Church of Rome is the one with which all others must agree, and that this Church is now being called the Latin Church, whereas Latin is not even the important or relevant characteristic today, and even when it was, it was scarce heard to be called the Latin Church, esp. by Catholic Christians. The proper name today, “Roman Catholic Church,” in my opinion, emphasizes its primacy of place, and I think it is scandalous to even imply that it is “but one of many” or that it shares anything like an equality of status with the others. That cannot be so, as it is all others that must be in agreement with her.
Actually no.
The Pope has two main “jobs.” The one that he exercises most often is as the person with the authority of discipline over the Latin Church. He also has the authority of dogma (subject to Sacred Tradition of course) over all of the Churches in communion with Rome, this including the Latin Church and all of the other Churches.
The Latin Church has come to be called the Roman Catholic Church in the West, because it is by far the most numerous. It is NOT because this church has primacy of place over the other Churches. It does in fact share equality of status with all of the Churches. The agreement with Rome that has to take place is with the Bishop of Rome in his “dogma hat,” not with the Latin Church itself. The fact that the head of our Church is also the authority that Jesus left on Earth to assure the unity of the Church does not say anything about our Church, just that the Pope has two functions. In other Churches, the Pope still serves the same “dogma” function, but they have their own Partriarchs to perform the “discipline” function.
However, the Roman Catholic Church term is a confusing one, if you understand the Church structure. All of the different Churches in communion with Rome (including the Latin Church, the Maronites, the Greek-Mekites, etc.) could reasonably be called “Roman Catholic,” but a lot of people would equate that with the Latin Church as well, so it is a term with two possible meanings, which may be why some people prefer to use different terms.
The fact that most people use the term Roman Catholic Church to refer to the Western, Latin, Church, doesn’t make it the correct term to use. I know I was in my 30s before I heard a hint of the existence of the other Churches in communion with Rome. Before that, I would certainly have erroneously equated “Catholic” with “Latin Church.” It wouldn’t have made me correct, that lots of other people did the same.
I am not an expert, and I welcome correction on details, but I am sure that it is not the Latin Church (whatever you call it) that has to be agreed with, but the Bishop of Rome, and that the Patriarchs have authority over their own Churches in matters of discipline (which includes, of course, the language of the liturgy).
–Jen