The passages James White decided to use to establish the meaning of the Greek word translated as “he will suffer loss” in 1 Corinthians 3:15 stood out to me:
Now, the opposite of the reception of reward is to suffer loss. The Greek term that Paul uses,
ζημιόωμαι or
ζημιόω, is translated by the vast majority of recognized translations as “suffer loss,” and there is a reason for this. Despite the fact that you can render the term as “punish,” its normative meaning especially in the New Testament refers to experiencing the opposite of gain, that is loss, and often what is not gained is found in the immediate context of the words used. For example, in Philippians 3:8 Paul says, “More than that I count all things to be loss in view of the surpassing value of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for Whom I have suffered the loss of all things and count them but rubbish so that I may gain Christ.” Obviously this does not mean Paul has been punished, but has suffered the loss of all things. The same is true in Jesus’ use of the term in Matthew 16:26: “For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world and forfeits his soul, or what will a man give in exchange for his soul.” In 1 Corinthians 3:15 the term is used in a context that provides a direct correlation to the term: the one whose work remains receives a reward, so the one whose work is burned up does not. Hence they “suffer loss.”
What struck me about these comparisons is that in the Philippians passage, Paul lost something of lower value in order to gain something of greater value. So when he “suffered the loss of all things” in order to gain Christ, it’s certainly not going to be perceived by him as suffering any form of punishment, or, better, as suffering the disciplinary love of our Father. Just the opposite!

And in Matthew, Jesus is telling us that it is better to save our soul from the hell of fire than to gain the whole world. Certainly, if we “forfeit” our soul it will be felt as suffering punishment! Ironically, Luke lets us in on the fact that Jesus gave us two ways of thinking about this loss of soul when He said this, making the
loss here tantamount to its being destroyed: “For what does it profit a man if he gains the whole world and destroys or forfeits himself?” (Luke 9:25) These examples seem to work against Dr. White’s position. In the passage from Corinthians, the person didn’t lose one thing in order to gain something better (as in Philippians). No tradeoff of one thing for another. No compensation. He will just simply,
suffer loss. And are we to think that the loss that the man will suffer is something akin to personal destruction (as in Matthew, whose meaning is illuminated by Luke)? We’ll come back to this.
James’ point is that the loss that is suffered is to be strictly compared with the reward that would be owed to us, rather than as being an expansion on what it feels like to have your work burned up. But this depends on restricting the objects that are both gained and lost to the representation of the same entity. That what is gained in the one case is nothing other than what is lost in the other. But in Matthew and Philippians, the objects gained and lost are two different entities. In Philippians, Christ is gained and all else is lost. In Matthew, the soul would be lost in order to gain the world. By appreciating this fact, we are led away from seeing the loss suffered in 1 Corinthians as referring back to the “gained” reward; rather, it refers us back to the painful experience of having the works themselves burned up, which is obviously a loss in itself. The loss of the work itself is the primary loss that is suffered since, in agreement with the other passages, the “work” is something other than the “reward.” This “loss” would of course include the loss of the reward that would have ensued upon this lost work, but the “loss” would not be limited to the reward or even pointing directly to it. Let’s continue to see why…
What did Paul lose in Philippians? He didn’t lose Christ, the One he gained! He lost the object immediately preceding the word translated as “I have suffered the loss”, i.e., “all things” (the order of the words that I mention here and following refers to the order in the Greek). And what would the man suffer the loss of in Matthew? He would suffer the loss of the object immediately preceding the word translated as “forfeits”: his soul. Not the world. What is the object immediately preceding the suffered loss in 1 Corinthians? The work being burned up! In addition, the other passages have us losing something that is already ours, not something that might potentially be ours. What do we already have to lose? The work! Finally, having compared Matthew with Luke, we saw that what was lost was what was destroyed. What was destroyed in 1 Corinthians? The work! Consequently, when we “suffer loss” in 1 Corinthians 3, our thoughts are turned back by these comparisons to the burned up work that was already ours and that immediately precedes the word meaning “he will suffer loss,” and not to the hypothetical reward of the previous sentence.
If we are to use these other passages of Scripture as keys of interpretation for the 1 Corinthians passage, then Paul seems to have more in view here than just the loss of reward by his use of
ζημιωθήσεται. If
(1) the loss refers primarily to the burning up of the work, and, as we’ve previously tried to establish,
(2) the work is inextricably bound to our inner sanctification, then
(3) this loss must entail a purification and/or eradication of the impure purposes of the heart: purgatory.
By the grace and love towards man of our Lord Jesus Christ,
Pete
If everything that the Roman Catholic Church taught were true…