Thank you Melchior
2034 The Roman Pontiff and the bishops are “authentic teachers, that is, teachers endowed with the authority of Christ, who preach the faith to the people entrusted to them, the faith to be believed and put into practice.” The ordinary and universal Magisterium of the Pope and the bishops in communion with him teach the faithful the truth to believe, the charity to practice, the beatitude to hope for.
The question here is, what part of what the Holy Father is defending is not a truth to be believed? If the answer is that nothing in the Vatican II Documents contradicts truth, then the pope’s statement is perfectly infallible.
891 “The Roman Pontiff, head of the college of bishops, enjoys this infallibility in virtue of his office, when, as supreme pastor and teacher of all the faithful - who confirms his brethren in the faith he proclaims by a definitive act a doctrine pertaining to faith or morals. . . . The infallibility promised to the Church is also present in the body of bishops when, together with Peter’s successor, they exercise the supreme Magisterium,” above all in an Ecumenical Council.418 When the Church through its supreme Magisterium proposes a doctrine "for belief as being divinely revealed,"419 and as the teaching of Christ, the definitions "must be adhered to with the obedience of faith."420 This infallibility extends as far as the deposit of divine Revelation itself.421
Vatican II was an Ecumenical Council. Therefore, it cannot teach falsehood. If the pope sticks to what the Council says, he too is teaching infallibly.
892 Divine assistance is also given to the successors of the apostles, teaching in communion with the successor of Peter, and, in a particular way, to the bishop of Rome, pastor of the whole Church, when, without arriving at an infallible definition and without pronouncing in a “definitive manner,” they propose in the exercise of the ordinary Magisterium a teaching that leads to better understanding of Revelation in matters of faith and morals. To this ordinary teaching the faithful "are to adhere to it with religious assent"422 which, though distinct from the assent of faith, is nonetheless an extension of it.
We owe to the Council at minimum, religious assent, which is an extension of assent of faith, because the Ordinary Magisterium, while is does not make infallible definitions, is speaking about that which has already been infallibly defined and is not saying anything to the contrary.
This takes us back to my previous example. Two statements can be different and both can be infallible, because they are addressing different circumstances. There are going to be situations in which the first statement is no longer invoked, not because it ceases to be truth, but because the situation has ceased to exist. Should the situation resurface, then the statement is applicable. A new one need not be made.
The problem is that people define Ordinary Magisterium differently from the way that Pope Benedict defines it. Many people are using it too broadly. He’s using it to mean that position of the pontiff which speaks to or about faith and morals. We know that the pope need not make definitions on matters of faith and morals, because the fullness of truth has already been revealed. There are no new truths. There are new situations. It is up to the Church to teach how the truth applies in those situations.
In this regard, theology is a matter of semantics and has always been semantics. It has to accommodate its use of language to the context of the time and place. What’s changes is the language, not the content.
True Light asked a valid question. There are some things that were once considered a sin and are no longer the case, one of them being for Catholics to visit non-Catholic places of worship. Here is a perfect example of semantics. The content has not changed. What has changed is the wording. The way this was worded conveyed the message that to enter a non-Catholic place of worship or to pray with non-Catholics was a sin. However, that was not in the mind of the Church when it made this law.
In the Church’s mind she wanted to say that Catholics need not look for another form of worship, as we have the perfect form of worship. That has not changed. Today, the Church has tried to explain that it is permissible for Catholics and non-Catholics to pray together. She is not saying that it is permissible for Catholics to seek to worship outside of the Catholic Church. These are two different realities. To pray with a person of another faith is one thing. To attend a service and to join as if one were in communion with that particular community is quite another. For this reason, a pope can pray at a synagogue and there is no violation of the rule. Why? Because while he’s there, it’s very obvious to everyone that he’s the pope and that he’s Catholic. He’s not worshipping as if he were a Jew. He may be saying Jewish prayers, none of which are contrary to the Catholic faith. A wonderful example of this is the Jewish Book of Common Prayer. It contain the LOTH as it’s said by the Jews. The only thing that is missing are the New Testament parts that we have added. The OT parts are the same that we pray every day.
The rule about praying with non-Catholics is not divinely revealed. It is man-made. The Church made it to help Catholics stay within the Catholic boundaries of worship. Therefore, the Church can change the boundaries. It’s like fish on Fridays.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, FFV