Texas parish disputes bishop over crucifix [CN-USA]

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Parishioners at the St Alphonsa Syro Malabar Catholic Church are fighting to keep the crucifix over their altar while their out-of-town bishop wants it replaced with a cross that doesn’t bear the image of Christ. The situation deteriorated, parishioners said, after the Chicago-based bishop, Mar Jacob Angadiath, fired the local priest and then froze church funds. - Jason Whitely @ WFAA

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I would leave that Parish and never return. The Bishop wants to soup up his ego by freezing funds, I would just stop giving him funds to freeze. The day a Bishop removes Christ from the altar is a sad day indeed.
 
the article:
And the Marthoma cross, parishioners explained, is most popular in the Indian state of Kerala, where the bishop is from.
This statement inclines me to think that ethnic pride is at work in this conflict.

However, the Mar Thoma (or St. Thomas) cross is rather stylized.

(Please Note: This uploaded content is no longer available.)

Here is an explanation of the cross:
The St.Thomas Cross is an icon of the Holy Trinity. God the Father is the foundation. The cross stands for Christ. The four ends of the cross are growing to the four ends of the world and flowering. The dove represents the Holy Spirit. And He makes the cross(Christ) lively. The lotus is the representation of ancient Indian civilization. The cross in the lotus flower indicates the serene reception of the faith by the ancient civilization.
syromalabarfaithfuls.blogspot.com/2010/03/what-is-marthoma-cross.html
 
I would leave that Parish and never return. The Bishop wants to soup up his ego by freezing funds, I would just stop giving him funds to freeze. The day a Bishop removes Christ from the altar is a sad day indeed.
In all 22 Catholic Churches the bishop has the right to decide what goes up or is taken down in a church. It is not the right of the faithful or even the pastor. The problem here is that the crucifix is not very common in most of the Catholic Church. Less than half of the Catholic Church actually uses a crucifix. It’s more common in the Greek, Russian and Latin Churches. Not so in the other Catholic Churches.

Whether it’s ethnic or not. The truth is that this Church does use the Mar Thoma cross. It seems as though this particular group of parishioners are of a different ethnic group and have adopted the crucifix. But they cannot adopt the crucifix, simply because it’s part of their ethnic culture, unless it’s approved by the bishop, any more than Roman Catholics can adopt an icon instead of a crucifix unless it’s approved by the bishop.

To suggest that people leave the parish and that they not donate is contrary to charity and to obedience. On a number of counts:
  1. Canon law grants the bishops the right to freeze the assets of any parish or institution in his diocese. The bishop has not violated the law. If the laity stops giving, because the bishop enforces the law, who is wrong?
  2. Canon law says that each Catholic Church is autonomous, even though all 22 are in full communion with the Vicar of Christ and governed by him, they are sui juris, meaning that they have a right to have their own laws. How can we denounce a bishop who says that a crucifix in a church is against the law, when it actually is against the law for that Church? Are we now going to rewrite the laws for all the Catholic Churches?
  3. To suggest that these people leave this parish is to suggest that they leave their Church. Is there another Syro Malabar parish in the area? If there isn’t, their only option would be to go to a Roman Catholic Church; but that’s not their Church. The Church does not want people switching from one Church to another, because we must do everything we can to preserve the Oriental Churches, since their numbers are so small. To encourage them to leave is to work against their continued existence. Their existence is essential to the universal Church. We would no longer be the Catholic Church without them. We would be the Roman Catholic Church, a remnant of the whole Church, which is much bigger than Roman Catholic.
We have to be very careful with the advice that we give. It can violate Church law and it can do irreperable harm to the universal Church.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
I would leave that Parish and never return. The Bishop wants to soup up his ego by freezing funds, I would just stop giving him funds to freeze. The day a Bishop removes Christ from the altar is a sad day indeed.
he is their bishop, they obey him. period. if that is the cross prescribed for their rite, that is the cross they use. period. the laity of that parish do not own it, I know the eastern rites have their own canon law but I doubt very much it says they have title to church property.
 
In all 22 Catholic Churches the bishop has the right to decide what goes up or is taken down in a church. It is not the right of the faithful or even the pastor. The problem here is that the crucifix is not very common in most of the Catholic Church. Less than half of the Catholic Church actually uses a crucifix. It’s more common in the Greek, Russian and Latin Churches. Not so in the other Catholic Churches.

Whether it’s ethnic or not. The truth is that this Church does use the Mar Thoma cross. It seems as though this particular group of parishioners are of a different ethnic group and have adopted the crucifix. But they cannot adopt the crucifix, simply because it’s part of their ethnic culture, unless it’s approved by the bishop, any more than Roman Catholics can adopt an icon instead of a crucifix unless it’s approved by the bishop.

To suggest that people leave the parish and that they not donate is contrary to charity and to obedience. On a number of counts:
  1. Canon law grants the bishops the right to freeze the assets of any parish or institution in his diocese. The bishop has not violated the law. If the laity stops giving, because the bishop enforces the law, who is wrong?
  2. Canon law says that each Catholic Church is autonomous, even though all 22 are in full communion with the Vicar of Christ and governed by him, they are sui juris, meaning that they have a right to have their own laws. How can we denounce a bishop who says that a crucifix in a church is against the law, when it actually is against the law for that Church? Are we now going to rewrite the laws for all the Catholic Churches?
  3. To suggest that these people leave this parish is to suggest that they leave their Church. Is there another Syro Malabar parish in the area? If there isn’t, their only option would be to go to a Roman Catholic Church; but that’s not their Church. The Church does not want people switching from one Church to another, because we must do everything we can to preserve the Oriental Churches, since their numbers are so small. To encourage them to leave is to work against their continued existence. Their existence is essential to the universal Church. We would no longer be the Catholic Church without them. We would be the Roman Catholic Church, a remnant of the whole Church, which is much bigger than Roman Catholic.
We have to be very careful with the advice that we give. It can violate Church law and it can do irreperable harm to the universal Church.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
My problem would be that a cross without the body of Christ smacks to me of walking into a Protestant Church. I thought that each Catholic church must have a Traditional Crucifix present in the area of the altar at all Masses??? I feel very uncomfortable going to Mass at a Catholic Church which has only a “cross” present.
 
My problem would be that a cross without the body of Christ smacks to me of walking into a Protestant Church. I thought that each Catholic church must have a Traditional Crucifix present in the area of the altar at all Masses??? I feel very uncomfortable going to Mass at a Catholic Church which has only a “cross” present.
Yep, different cultures can make a person feel a bit lost. Here’s a video of a Malankara Syrian Catholic wedding. Unfortunately, the audio has been replaced with a music sound track, but even with it I think I would have still felt at sea. You can see a cross, without a corpus, at the 5:15 mark.
nme.com/awards/video/id/wZE7TsjBdLA/search/epharchy
 
I am not up-to-speed on the liturgical law of the Syro-malabar Church. But, if it requires a certain kind of cross, that’s the bottom line. If it doesn’t, the bishop could make further regulations, as long as they are not contrary to higher law.

In my slightly educated canonical opinion, though, this issue of “freezing assets” is troubling. Temporal goods (money, etc.) belongs to the juridic person that acquires them. In this case, the parish is a juridic person, with the pastor as the administrator of its goods. The bishop is to exercise vigilance to see that the goods are properly administered. I don’t see how he can legally (in canon law) freeze assets. These assets are not his to freeze.

Dan
 
I am not up-to-speed on the liturgical law of the Syro-malabar Church. But, if it requires a certain kind of cross, that’s the bottom line. If it doesn’t, the bishop could make further regulations, as long as they are not contrary to higher law.

In my slightly educated canonical opinion, though, this issue of “freezing assets” is troubling. Temporal goods (money, etc.) belongs to the juridic person that acquires them. In this case, the parish is a juridic person, with the pastor as the administrator of its goods. The bishop is to exercise vigilance to see that the goods are properly administered. I don’t see how he can legally (in canon law) freeze assets. These assets are not his to freeze.

Dan
Canon law allows him to freeze the assets of any parish, because theologically a bishop is the Church and the pastor is an extension of the bishop. By right all properties that belong to a diocese belong to the bishop. This is in both civil and canon law.

All that a bishop has to do is to overrule the canon, which he can do for just cause. So that when a bishop closes a parish he does not owe money to the parish. He keeps the assets of that parish, if there are any or in the case of a merger, the assets and debts are transferred to the parish the absorbs the closed parish. This law is what allows bishops to sell parish properties without the permission of the parish administrator.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
My problem would be that a cross without the body of Christ smacks to me of walking into a Protestant Church. I thought that each Catholic church must have a Traditional Crucifix present in the area of the altar at all Masses??? I feel very uncomfortable going to Mass at a Catholic Church which has only a “cross” present.
well many things about another Rite or another culture would seem strange to you and me, but since sources tell us this is the accepted tradition in their rite, who are we to butt in?
 
My problem would be that a cross without the body of Christ smacks to me of walking into a Protestant Church. I thought that each Catholic church must have a Traditional Crucifix present in the area of the altar at all Masses??? I feel very uncomfortable going to Mass at a Catholic Church which has only a “cross” present.
Most Catholic Churches do not have a corpus on the cross. As I said, it’s more common among the Russians, Romans and Greeks than it is in the other Catholic Churches. We had this custom long before Protestantism.

Even in the Roman Church there were religious orders that were not allowed to have crucifixes in their chapels. Franciscans were one of them. The crucifix was introduced after Vatican II. We had a plain wooden cross or the San Damiano icon.

Fraternally,

Br. Jay OSF 🙂
 
Canon law allows him to freeze the assets of any parish, because theologically a bishop is the Church and the pastor is an extension of the bishop. By right all properties that belong to a diocese belong to the bishop. This is in both civil and canon law.

All that a bishop has to do is to overrule the canon, which he can do for just cause. So that when a bishop closes a parish he does not owe money to the parish. He keeps the assets of that parish, if there are any or in the case of a merger, the assets and debts are transferred to the parish the absorbs the closed parish. This law is what allows bishops to sell parish properties without the permission of the parish administrator.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
Hello Br. JR,

Even though the civil, corporate structure of many dioceses in the US follows the “corporation sole” model, with the bishop as the “owner” of everything, that is not in accord with canon law, either eastern or western. A parish is, according to canon law, a separate juridic person (corporation), with its own administrator (the pastor). A bishop can not, according to canon law, administer or sell parish property. The bishop does not own the goods of a parish. He is not even the administrator. That is why I question this “freezing of assets” issue. I imagine, this bishop is acting according to civil law. Canon law–no.

Regarding parish “closings,” it is against canon law for a bishop to “close” a parish and commandeer the proceeds. These closings are, as you mentioned, mergers and the goods should always go to the remaining parishes, not to the diocese and certainly not to the bishop personally.

In canon law, the bishop does not own all the goods of the diocese. The diocese itself is the owner, with the bishop (or diocesan finance officer, for common matters) as the administrator.

Thanks for your time.
Dan
 
Canon law allows him to freeze the assets of any parish, because theologically a bishop is the Church and the pastor is an extension of the bishop. By right all properties that belong to a diocese belong to the bishop. This is in both civil and canon law.

All that a bishop has to do is to overrule the canon, which he can do for just cause. So that when a bishop closes a parish he does not owe money to the parish. He keeps the assets of that parish, if there are any or in the case of a merger, the assets and debts are transferred to the parish the absorbs the closed parish. This law is what allows bishops to sell parish properties without the permission of the parish administrator.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
I have to recant part of this statement. I asked a friend who is a Canon Lawyer and he said that there is glitch in the law. The parish is a juridical person. However, all diocesan properties belong to the diocese and the bishop is the sole proprietor. What we’re not sure is whether this includes money. This is the glitch. When a bishop closes or merges a parish, the has the authority to do with the property and all of the assets as he wishes. He can pass them on to the receiving parish, if there is a merger or if there is no merger, everything becomes the property of the diocese, for which the bishop is the only legal representative. The question about finances is an interesting one.

The issue about the cross is pretty clear. The bishop can insist that they take down the crucifix and use one that is proper to their Church. Properly speaking, they are not an Eastern Rite. They are an Eastern Catholic Church. They practice one of the five rites among the 21 Eastern Catholic Churches. But the matter of the cross is not a matter of the rite, but a matter of what is the norm for that particular Church. They are a sui juris Church, meaning that they have their own laws, which are not always the same as our laws. They are governed by the Patriarch over the bishop. Rome has very little to do with their internal affairs. It’s been that way for over 1,000 years. Even if they like the crucifix with the corpus, if the law in their Church is that they may not have one, then they have to comply.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
Most Catholic Churches do not have a corpus on the cross. As I said, it’s more common among the Russians, Romans and Greeks than it is in the other Catholic Churches. We had this custom long before Protestantism.

Even in the Roman Church there were religious orders that were not allowed to have crucifixes in their chapels. Franciscans were one of them. The crucifix was introduced after Vatican II. We had a plain wooden cross or the San Damiano icon.

Fraternally,

Br. Jay OSF 🙂
Hi Jr. In my limited experience (no I am not being sarcastic), but only saying what I have experienced. Every Catholic Church I have attended has a Crucifix with the corpus in the vicinity of the altar, particularly during Mass. This has been so since I was knee high to a grasshopper. 🙂 Tradition. :highprayer: I understand the Church under discussion is of a different rite???
 
Most Catholic Churches do not have a corpus on the cross. As I said, it’s more common among the Russians, Romans and Greeks than it is in the other Catholic Churches. We had this custom long before Protestantism.

Even in the Roman Church there were religious orders that were not allowed to have crucifixes in their chapels. Franciscans were one of them. The crucifix was introduced after Vatican II. We had a plain wooden cross or the San Damiano icon.

Fraternally,

Br. Jay OSF 🙂
With all due respect Brother but you better check your sources. The crucifix was in the Church a lot longer than just Vatican II. In the Catholic encyclopaedia it states the following:
The crucifix is the principal ornament of the altar. It is placed on the altar to recall to the mind of the celebrant, and the people, that the Victim offered on the altar is the same as was offered on the Cross. For this reason the crucifix must be placed on the altar as often as Mass is celebrated (Constitution, Accepimus of Benedict XIV, 16 July, 1746). The rubric of the Roman Missal (xx) prescribes that it be placed at the middle of the altar between the candlesticks, and that it be large enough to be conveniently seen by both the celebrant and the people (Cong. Sac. Rit., 17 September, 1822). If for any reason this crucifix is removed, another may take its place in a lower position; but in such cases it must always be visible to all who assist at Mass (ibid.). We remarked above that a crucifix must be placed on the altar during Mass.
It scares me that religious orders were not allowed to have crucifixes in their chapels as that is one of the central aspects of our faith and to some would constitute as a betrayal of the Faith.

I support the parishoners. A Bishop may have authority but that doesn’t mean he can exercise it in a moral and proper manner. Canon law may give him authority to seize the assets of the Church but could the Canon be meant for a situation like this?
How can we denounce a bishop who says that a crucifix in a church is against the law, when it actually is against the law for that Church?
Furthermore, how can a crucifix be against the Church Law when the GIRM specifically commands it and for a Bishop who has nothing better to do than ban a crucifix in a parish is most wrong.
 
Furthermore, how can a crucifix be against the Church Law when the GIRM specifically commands it and for a Bishop who has nothing better to do than ban a crucifix in a parish is most wrong.
Dude, they aren’t Roman Catholic. They are an Eastern Catholic Church. The GIRM is called the General Instruction of the Roman Missal for a reason, because it applies to Roman Catholics, not Eastern Catholics.

As a Roman Catholic, I don’t have any right to tell my Syro Malabar Catholic brothers what to do. And I have even less right because I confess that I know nothing about the Syro Malabar Catholic Church.
From an engineering perspective, I’ll follow one of our rules on ethics: " Professional engineers, geologists and geophysicists shall undertake only work that they are competent to perform by virtue of their training and experience." I have neither, so I’ll let those who are competent (ie Syro Malabar Catholics and/or those who are knowledgeable of their Church) comment on the situation (and I doubt that many people at CAF would be).
 
With all due respect Brother but you better check your sources. The crucifix was in the Church a lot longer than just Vatican II. In the Catholic encyclopaedia it states the following:
erm…Canadianguy, I think Br. JR was referring to his order, not to the Roman Catholic Church.

How familiar are you with his order, or with the traditions and practices of Syro-Malabar Catholic Church? Or with any of the Eastern Catholic Churches?
 
Hi Jr. In my limited experience (no I am not being sarcastic), but only saying what I have experienced. Every Catholic Church I have attended has a Crucifix with the corpus in the vicinity of the altar, particularly during Mass. This has been so since I was knee high to a grasshopper. 🙂 Tradition. :highprayer: I understand the Church under discussion is of a different rite???
I should have made myself clearer by starting out saying that there are 22 Catholic Churches. You and I belong to one of the 22., the Roman Catholic Church. Aside from the Roma Catholic Church, the Russians and the Greeks also use the corpus on the cross.

If we do the math, 22 - 3 = 19 . Nineteen Catholic Churches may or may not use a corpus on their cross. Many use an icon instead of a crucifix, such as you see in Franciscan hosues. In many of the Oriental Catholic Churches statues are forbidden. A crucifix has a statue attached to it. That’s what I mean by most Catholic Churches do not use it.

Don’t confuse rites with Churches. Rites are simply the manner in how the mass is celebrated. There are five rites among the 21 Catholic Churches in the East. There are about the same number of rites with the Roman Catholic Church in the west.

A rite is not a Church. A Church is autonomous and answers to its patriarch. That’s why we often referred to the Eastern Churches as uniat, meaning united to the Vicar of Christ. They were united, but not the same as the Church of Rome. To this day, they have a great deal of autonomy. Just one example, their Patriarchs can authorize the ordiantion of bishops without permission of the pope. This cannot be done in the Roman Church. Only the pope can give permission to ordain a bsihop, because he is the Patriarch of the West, besides being the pope.

The Churches that you have visited since you wee knee-high were probably Roman churches. This would be the custom in most Roman churches.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
With all due respect Brother but you better check your sources. The crucifix was in the Church a lot longer than just Vatican II. In the Catholic encyclopaedia it states the following:
The crucifix has been around the Roman Church for a very long time, not in the universal Catholic Church. There are some Catholic Churches that have never used it. We’re talking about the 22 Churches that make up the Universal Catholic Church of which the Roman Catholic Church is 1 out of 22.
It scares me that religious orders were not allowed to have crucifixes in their chapels as that is one of the central aspects of our faith and to some would constitute as a betrayal of the Faith.
Several religious orders were not allowed to have a crucifix in their chapels or to wear one. The Carhusians, Franciscans, Trappists, Basilians and some provinces of Carmelites. The founders tuaght that the empty cross is an invitation to the religoius to embrace the cross and take his turn on the cross as Christ did.

If you observe the Franciscans of the Renewal, the Capuchin Franciscans, the Franciscans of the Eternal Word, the Franciscans of the Eucharist, the Franciscans of Life, our rosaries do not have a crucifix. They have a wooden cross at the end. The crucifix is not allowed even on our person. This came down from St. Francis. It was introduced after Vatican II. But the General Chapter rejected it, because it was contrary to the will of St. Francis. Sometimes we will wear a Tau, which is the last letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
I support the parishoners. A Bishop may have authority but that doesn’t mean he can exercise it in a moral and proper manner. Canon law may give him authority to seize the assets of the Church but could the Canon be meant for a situation like this?
Don’t forget that they are a different Church. They are not Roman Catholics. They are truly Catholics, but their laws are somewhat different. All bishops have the authority to impose the laws of the thier Church. A Roman bishop can impose the Roman law. A Syriac bishop can impose the syriac law, a Melchite bishop can impose the Melchite law and if any of these laws says “no crucifix” the bishop has the right to impose it. He has the right to penalize those who do not follow his orders. In many of the other Catholic Churches statues are frowned upon. They use icons and plain crosses or very ornate crosses without a corpus. Some have crosses with several bars, but no Jesus on them. I believe that the Russians and the Greeks do have a Jesus on their cross.
Furthermore, how can a crucifix be against the Church Law when the GIRM specifically commands it and for a Bishop who has nothing better to do than ban a crucifix in a parish is most wrong.
The GIRM was not written for the Universal Church. It was only written for Roman Catholic secular priests and for parish priests in the Roman Catholic Church. It is has no legal authority in any of the other Catholic Churches. They are not bound to it. Look at the inatitials very closely

General Instruction on the Roman Missal (GIRM). A Chaldean Catholic is not a Roman Catholic. He is Chaldean. He does not celebrate the same rite that we use. He uses the Chaldean rite. Other Oriental Churches also use the Chaldean rite.

A Maronite Catholic is a Roman Catholic, but he does not use the Roman Missal. He uses the Maronite Missal.

A Franciscan is a Roman Catholic, but we do not use the Roman Missal, Roman Lectionary or Roman Breviary. We use the Franciscan Missal, Franciscan Lectionary and Franciscan Breviary.

As you can see, the GIRM is not universal. It applies to most parishes and priests, because most parishes and priests are Roman Catholics and they are secular priests. Only those religious priests who do not have a missal of their own, use the GIRM, because they use the Roman Missal.

Many of us who are Roman Catholics do not use the Roman Missal. Our missal has a series of instructions in the front that may not be found in the GIRM or not have some that are found in the GIRM.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
 
In all 22 Catholic Churches the bishop has the right to decide what goes up or is taken down in a church. It is not the right of the faithful or even the pastor. The problem here is that the crucifix is not very common in most of the Catholic Church. Less than half of the Catholic Church actually uses a crucifix. It’s more common in the Greek, Russian and Latin Churches. Not so in the other Catholic Churches.

Whether it’s ethnic or not. The truth is that this Church does use the Mar Thoma cross. It seems as though this particular group of parishioners are of a different ethnic group and have adopted the crucifix. But they cannot adopt the crucifix, simply because it’s part of their ethnic culture, unless it’s approved by the bishop, any more than Roman Catholics can adopt an icon instead of a crucifix unless it’s approved by the bishop.

To suggest that people leave the parish and that they not donate is contrary to charity and to obedience. On a number of counts:
  1. Canon law grants the bishops the right to freeze the assets of any parish or institution in his diocese. The bishop has not violated the law. If the laity stops giving, because the bishop enforces the law, who is wrong?
  2. Canon law says that each Catholic Church is autonomous, even though all 22 are in full communion with the Vicar of Christ and governed by him, they are sui juris, meaning that they have a right to have their own laws. How can we denounce a bishop who says that a crucifix in a church is against the law, when it actually is against the law for that Church? Are we now going to rewrite the laws for all the Catholic Churches?
  3. To suggest that these people leave this parish is to suggest that they leave their Church. Is there another Syro Malabar parish in the area? If there isn’t, their only option would be to go to a Roman Catholic Church; but that’s not their Church. The Church does not want people switching from one Church to another, because we must do everything we can to preserve the Oriental Churches, since their numbers are so small. To encourage them to leave is to work against their continued existence. Their existence is essential to the universal Church. We would no longer be the Catholic Church without them. We would be the Roman Catholic Church, a remnant of the whole Church, which is much bigger than Roman Catholic.
We have to be very careful with the advice that we give. It can violate Church law and it can do irreperable harm to the universal Church.

Fraternally,

Br. JR, OSF 🙂
Br. JR,

True, but I would still walk out and never return.
 
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