Can you give me an example of someone figuring out that another person loves him without relying on any evidence at all?
Certainly. Christians believe God loves them, yet there is nothing that science could use to prove it.
Again, I am not aware of any way of knowing that doesn’t rely on evidence.
Well… unknowingly, perhaps, your statement that evidence is mandatory in order to know is exactly that. Can you prove that we can ONLY know the truth of something if we have evidence of it? I gave you the example of the black hole and the 19th century astronomer; he would conclude - falsely - that they do not exist, lacking any evidence of them. But you admit they DID exist. So we have evidence in this example that a system that only relies on evidence is fallible, that is, is prone to error. Therefore to say that a system that bases itself only on evidence is reliable when we can plainly see examples (evidence) that it is not reliable seems false to me.
Sure. Based on the evidence, it’s a reasonable inference – and therefore likely to be true – that our galaxy is a spiral.
Again, how else would we conclude what the shape of our galaxy is, if we do not rely on evidence?
My point is that indirect evidence serves just as useful in knowing something as direct evidence. You will not find in any astronomy textbook that “we think” our galaxy is a spiral; it’s taken as axiomatic that it is, though in truth we really don’t “know” that, it is only through
reason, not evidence, that we make the conclusion.
It is this same reason that B could take cues from A concerning love; perhaps a smile, a look, or other behavior that
might indicate an attraction, but equally might not. It is the accumulation of these similar behaviors that allow one to
reason their way to a conclusion that A loves B.
As it applies to faith, the same system can be used. We have ancient writings that predict a Messiah will come, will be born in a specific city but will be known as one from a different province of Judah. In all, some 50 plus predictions of this event. Then we have Jesus, a historical figure who meets all of these predictions. The odds of Him doing all that and NOT being who those prophecies say he would be are staggering. Just like ours being the only half-spiral galaxy in the universe.
We have eyewitness accounts, multiple accounts, of the things He did that defy scientific explanation. Raising the dead? Making a man born with a deformed hand instantly heal right in front of a group of people who were still looking for that Messiah. A very public execution followed by appearances to hundreds of witnesses. Then, over the centuries, numerous acts that defy rational explanation - martyrs willingly dying gruesome deaths before giving up their belief; tens of thousands of miraculous cures; bodies dead for centuries with no sign of corruption; consecrated hosts that bleed real blood, one of which is still whole and the blood is fresh after 1,500 years.
None of these are direct evidence, but they are sufficient indirect evidence that they only lead to one reasonable conclusion. Thus it is more than just “a belief” to say God exists. There are ample indirect indicators that provide something more than a simple faith in something made up out of thin air.
Okay, there’s two things here: 1) whether something exists, and 2) whether it is justifiable to accept the claim that something exists.
What I’m concerned about is knowing the truth, rather than proving the truth conclusively. In other words, an effort to operate in truth IMO is better than an effort to stifle truth with limitations of conclusively proving it. The Ptolemaic system of orbital motion certainly provided a good explanation for retrograde planetary motion, yet it was completely false. Another example where dependance on provability served to veer one away from the truth. IF that can happen, and has many times, I’m not sure how valid or useful a system is that depends solely on that.