The "souls" of bacteria and other creatures?

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But I never said that it is imminent. Certainly there are many difficulties to solve. However, the whole discipline of information technology is barely a few decades old. We shall have to wait and see how it develops.
And that is why it’s a dream, or a superstition, and not a fact. You are presuming that if we wait long enough and work hard enough that something will occur which we have no proof will occur, and no evidence to suggest it necessarily CAN occur.

In that way it’s no different than standing outside and praying for rain; it’s perfectly reasonable to assume that if there are spirits that control the weather, that praying to them can cause a change in the weather. That it’s reasonable doesn’t mean it isn’t fantasy. Likewise with A.I., it’s reasonable to assume that if the human brain is purely material that it can be replicated materially with a computer system.

The flaw in that thinking is that it assumes too much, namely that there are weather spirits or that the mind is material. There is no proof that the mind is material, and plenty of evidence that points to it NOT being material. Until the evidence against pure materiality is accounted for there is no reason to abandon the theory of an immaterial soul, especially when it remains objectively useful for explaining why our minds work the way they do (why the human mind can universally apply material concepts, such as shapes, to immaterial, even unreal concepts, and can easily communicate these new ideas to other minds through language).

From a purely scientific perspective it’s throwing out working theories for a (as yet) half-thought out hypothesis, and that’s bad science by any account. When it can be shown that any kind of purely material process can do what our mind does, then we’ll have the beginnings of a new theory, but not before then, and even then it will still be a ways from any kind of useful certainty.
The mind is the working of the brain, and as such it is also finite. Now you may hypothesize that there is also an “immortal soul” beyond that. But that is sheer fantasy, something that you accused me of doing.
The difference is that the theory I’m putting forth fits both our personal experience AND the facts as they stand. The one you’re putting forth does neither, or at least doesn’t account for everything (such as the fact that the same idea occurs in totally different physical-neological arrangements in two different brains). Again, I recommend reading Dr. Searle’s works on the subject if you haven’t already, and also the link I provided above. They delve much more deeply into these issues than we can do here.
Is it unique? Hardly. Animals are quite capable of recognizing the shape of circles, squares, etc. There are innumerable experiments attesting to that. You may hypothesize that they also have immortal souls, or accept that the recognition of a shape (regardless of the material) is nothing mysterious.
But I’m not talking about the shape, but the idea, or ideal. Shape is a matter of sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, and it’s by sensory (name removed by moderator)ut that we abstract ideas from matter. Animals also deal with sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, and in many ways they do so with greater precision than humans. There is a HUGE gap, however, between association of sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, by which the most basic lifeforms experience the world and distinguish different things, and the ideal associations that only humans seem to make.

A dog might recognize the sensory shape of a circular object, and associate it with another object with the same sensory shape, but what they DON’T do is associate it in an immaterial way, such as the aforementioned “time-loop” association between an imagined temporal event and a physical shape. The former is the normal function of the material soul, while the second is the work of a spiritual soul (though the spiritual soul ALSO shares the functions of the material soul, such as sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, it just has greater functions beyond the material).

So far there is nothing that can account for this very basic human function of abstracting ideas from sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, and applying those ideas to totally new or unlike things, whether real events that take on an ideal form in our common understanding (like the cycle of seasons, when we apply “circle” to seasons) or imagined (like the time-loop).

We can’t simply say “all is material, therefore there must be a material reason of these connections”; that is sloppy science, and very irrational. That’s putting the assumption before the experience, dogma before common sense. 🙂

I’m a Catholic, and therefore not as Dogmatic as most materialists. 😉

Peace and God bless!
 
But I’m not talking about the shape, but the idea, or ideal. Shape is a matter of sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, and it’s by sensory (name removed by moderator)ut that we abstract ideas from matter. Animals also deal with sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, and in many ways they do so with greater precision than humans. There is a HUGE gap, however, between association of sensory (name removed by moderator)ut, by which the most basic lifeforms experience the world and distinguish different things, and the ideal associations that only humans seem to make.
Let’s clarify. Are you talking about conceptualization? The ability to think in abstract terms?
 
This thread has strayed. Please keep on track or take discussion of side issues to other threads/fora. Thank you all.
 
May I ask you to allow this thread continue along these lines? The current exchange is about the soul of humans, which is included in the category of “other creatures”. I am interested in Ghosty’s views on the matter.

Respectfully
 
The code, written on paper is not alive, just like the genetic material written on paper is not alive. But that is not the same as the genetic material operating in its biological environment. The same applies to the code of a virus executing in its environment - which is electronic, rather than biological.

The computer virus propagates itself, just like the biological virus does. They both use the material of the host to create replicas of themselves. If one is alive, so is the other. One of the basic principles of life is self-propagation.

We may even say that the computer virus is superior, because it creates perfect replicas, while the biological virus may create faulty ones (mutations).
So, it appears we better back up and define what it means to be alive? What is your definition?

I would submit that a computer virus does not “propogate itself”. It was “propogated” by its host in the same manner that a copy machine reproduces a memo.
Actually, the biological virus hijacks the host cell’s replication “machinery” and the cell replicates the virus…same concept in the computer, eh?

Splitting hairs, perhaps…🤷 😉
 
Actually, the biological virus hijacks the host cell’s replication “machinery” and the cell replicates the virus…same concept in the computer, eh?

Splitting hairs, perhaps…🤷 😉
Similar, not same. I did not say that the computer virus is identical to the biological one, only that they both exihibit something we usually associate with life: namely self-propagation.
 
…and that’s why I used the word, “concept”. 😃 We’re saying the same thing. 👍
 
Similar, not same. I did not say that the computer virus is identical to the biological one, only that they both exihibit something we usually associate with life: namely self-propagation.
Appearances sure can be deceiving.
 
I certainly believe they are.
Which is your prerogative. Would you mind going into details? I want to remind you, that I do not consider the computer virus really “alive”. The problem is that the the concept of “living” and “non-living” entities is not something that can be defined in a precise manner.
 
To quote the great philosopher L.T…"…which brings me to my next point…Don’t do drugs!"
 
Which is your prerogative. Would you mind going into details? I want to remind you, that I do not consider the computer virus really “alive”. The problem is that the the concept of “living” and “non-living” entities is not something that can be defined in a precise manner.
I believe that philosophically there is a precise definition. That is: to be alive, the entity must have a soul. Since any soul is not visible to us physically, we are left to other means in determining whether one exists or not. And as you provided partial list in an early post (maybe even the OP) there are various attributes that are generally accepted as evidence of life. At the most basic level these include the ability, within itself, to grow and reproduce, provided they have the nutrition and environment in which to do so.
 
I believe that philosophically there is a precise definition. That is: to be alive, the entity must have a soul.
This is a theological definition, not a philosophical one. Either way they are not relevant. Life is the subject of biology.
Since any soul is not visible to us physically, we are left to other means in determining whether one exists or not. And as you provided partial list in an early post (maybe even the OP) there are various attributes that are generally accepted as evidence of life. At the most basic level these include the ability, within itself, to grow and reproduce, provided they have the nutrition and environment in which to do so.
So we are left with a working definition. Growth is important but not fundamental. Even reproduction is only important, not fundamental. Maintaining a homeostasis in varying conditions is fundamental. In other words: complex resposes to complex stimuli. Vague, yes.
 
This is a theological definition, not a philosophical one. Either way they are not relevant. Life is the subject of biology.

So we are left with a working definition. Growth is important but not fundamental. Even reproduction is only important, not fundamental. Maintaining a homeostasis in varying conditions is fundamental. In other words: complex resposes to complex stimuli. Vague, yes.
On what basis do you demote growth and reproduction to non-fundamental?
 
One cell organisms do not grow.
Are one cell organisms full size when then are created during either binary fission or cell division? If not, how do they get to full size without growth?
Some humans cannot procreate. Yet, both of them are alive.
The fact the some have a defiency does not negate the fact that procreation is inherent in the nature of our species.
 
Are one cell organisms full size when then are created during either binary fission or cell division? If not, how do they get to full size without growth?
Viruses are. They do not grow.
The fact the some have a defiency does not negate the fact that procreation is inherent in the nature of our species.
Sure. That does not negate the fact, that some people do not procrate (maybe cannot, maybe do not want to).

Now, of course an asbolutely overwhelming perctage of living organisms grow and procreate. But the fact that there are exceptions points to the fact that “life” does not necessarily require either activity.
 
Okay, this has gotten obsurd.
  1. we all seem to be confusing soul with spirit
  2. God breathed the spirit into man- our spirit is actually part of God- thus life everlasting- if it is “alive” is irrelivant- that or we need to start a evangelizing animals :rolleyes:
 
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