The whole of the Bible, Old and New Testaments, teaches that man has freewill.
Nowhere does the Bible teach of a human freedom that exceeds the bounds of either:
- God’s sovereign control, or
- The condition of our own human nature.
Human Freedom Within the Boundaries of God’s Sovereign Rule
God has certainly endowed His creatures with a certain amount of freedom, but at no point does He allow our freedom to restrict His sovereignty. When our freedom bumps up against God’s freedom, God always wins. For instance, Lamentations 3:37 declares, “Who is he that saith, and it cometh to pass, when the LORD commandeth it not?” In other words, no one can say, “I will do this or that,” and have it happen, if it is not a part of God’s sovereign will.
The Apostle James also reminds us to be very careful with how we frame our words with respect to the future, and reminds us that the future is in the hands of God alone. He admonishes the autonomous thinking of proud men who claim, “today or tomorrow we will go into such a city, and continue there a year, and by and sell, and get a gain.” He sharply corrects this tendency to boast in our future accomplishments as he says, “for that, ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this, or that” (James 4:13-15).
Clearly then, far from teaching any such pagan notion of human autonomy, the Bible plainly declares, “There are many devises in a man’s heart; nevertheless, the counsel of the LORD, that shall stand” (Proverbs 19:21)!
Human Freedom Within the Boundaries of Human Nature
The three faculties of the soul consist of the mind, the heart, and the will. The mind and heart of man directly influence the choices that a man makes, so that the will is not some separate entity that is free to act as its own sovereign.
In short, the will of man is free only within the boundaries of his own natural condition. Therefore, if we are to understand the extent of the will’s freedom, we will first have to determine the natural condition of both the mind and the heart of fallen man.
By consequence of the fall of Adam, all men are now born into the world as sinners, spiritually dead, and at enmity with God (Psalm 51:5; Romans 8:7, 8). The Bible demonstrates that our natures have been contaminated by sin, leaving the natural man with fallen and corrupted hearts and minds. This is no mere human deduction, but the plain testimony of Scripture:
**Our hearts are corrupt: ** The Bible plainly declares, “the heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?” (Jeremiah 17:9). “And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually” (Genesis 6:5). Jesus said, “For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders, thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lewdness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, and foolishness. All these evil things come from within, and defile a man" (Mark 7:21-23).
**Our minds are corrupt: ** The Bible goes on to declare, “the natural mind is enmity against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, nor indeed can be” (Romans 8:7). The Apostle Paul reminded the Christians as Colossi of their natural condition prior to their conversion. “And you,” he reminded them, “were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works” (Colossians 1:21). And again in another place, the Apostle Paul declares that all, not some, but all natural men “walk in the futility of their mind, having their understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God, because of the ignorance that is in them due to the blindness of their heart; who, being past feeling, have given themselves over to sensuality, to work all uncleanness with greediness” (Ephesians 4:17-19).
**Our wills are corrupt: ** As I have stated, the will is not a separate entity that is free to act as its own sovereign. Rather, the will is intimately related to the heart and mind. The moral choices we make are ultimately determined by the disposition of our hearts and minds. Therefore, with a fallen and corrupted heart desiring sin, and a fallen and corrupted mind being biased toward our own hearts, our wills are naturally inclined toward sin.
Jesus likewise taught that men are like trees. “Every good tree bears good fruit, but the bad tree bears bad fruit” (Matthew 7:17).* “For figs are not gathered from thorn bushes, nor are grapes picked from a bramble bush” (Luke 6:44).
The truth that Jesus is here communicating is that, even as the condition of a tree determines the nature of its fruit; so too, the condition of men determines the nature of the fruit they produce.
Jesus is not here saying that men do not make real choices; rather he is simply teaching that fallen and
sinful men, because of their depraved and sinful condition naturally and consistently make
sinful choices.
Our choices are a product of our moral condition, “O generation of vipers, how can you, being evil, speak good things? For out of the overflow of the heart the mouth speaks” (Matthew 12:34)!
Now this brings up the necessary inquiry - as you have already alluded to:
So as to your objection that God would be unjust if he commanded of us that which we could not accomplish, read my next post.