Except that the Church to which Christ gave his own authority did express it, in no uncertain terms, just as she expressed that the texts within the Bible are the inspired word of God and just as she expressed the doctrine of the Trinity. I don’t know how one can accept the Church’s judgment on Scripture and fundamental doctrines such as the Trinity, and then reject the judgment of the Church on Transubstantiation.
Transubstantiation is a doctrine of great complexity which, it seems to me, even some Catholics misunderstand or misrepresent. The concept of
substance upon which the meaning of transubstantiation depends is a difficult one which has a long and controversial history and is subject to a variety of interpretations. The Aristotelian distinction between
substance and
accidents also gives rise to problems and its validity was and is far from being universally recognised.
In the early Church, the* fact* of Christ’s presence in the Eucharist was generally accepted but there was little if any speculation as to the
manner. Certainly, by the 4th century there was some speculation about this and the relation of Christ’s humanity to his Deity and this was expressed in terms of
change. In Christ, God became Man, and so by Christ’s action through the Holy Ghost in the Eucharist, bread and wine become His Body and Blood. As Anglicans we do not deny the preposition* trans* and we agree that the elements are changed but we go no further than this.
Transubstantiation is a 12 century definition of the manner of Christ’s presence in the Eucharist. Is it not sufficient, to accept the Real Presence as the early Church did or as the Orthodox do? The Anglican position is expressed rather well in the words of the 11th century Norman Abbot, Durandus:
“Verbum audimus, motum sentimus, modum nescimus, prsesentiam credimus.”
“We hear the word, we perceive the motion, we know not the manner, but we believe the presence.”
Whilst we appreciate that the Doctrine of Transubstantiatiion is an attempt to affirm and safeguard the reality of Christ’s Presence in the Eucharist, as Anglicans, we do not suppose that any definition of such as divine mystery of Christ’s Presence in the Eucharistic Elements can be wholly adequate or entirely satisfactory.