When we talk about the Perpetual Virginity of Mary we are talking about 3 related items.
- A Virgin (The Blessed Virgin Mary) conceives a Son (Jesus). (Miraculous)
- A Virgin bears a Son. (Miraculous)
- This Virgin remains a Virgin for the rest of time. (Not necessarily miraculous but may be in certain instances).
In this thread we are focusing on number 2 above but all three are inter-related here. I just wanted to clear this up for any readers who may have just joined this thread.
We saw in Matthew (and Isaiah) how “a virgin will conceive AND bear a son.” This is related to Number 1 and 2 above.
JustCatholic: In regards to your statement “I was asked to post some evidence that not all the church fathers held to the belief that Mary remained a perpetual virgin. Here is that evidence” in post # 26:
As far as early Church Fathers denying the perpetual Virginity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, St. Jerome obviously didn’t think any early Church Fathers denied the Perpetual Virginity of Mary otherwise he wouldn’t have called Helvidius’ teaching “novel” (from the Latin for “new”). – see post # 6.
JustCatholic, not one of these citations you gave, had me thinking the Church Fathers denied this doctrine. As far as what Basil, Hegesippus, Irenaeus, and Tertullian said there were no contextual quotes whatsoever. Let’s look at these items in more detail though.
Just because you quoted JND Kelly saying Basil acknowledged disbelief among society regarding this doctrine doesn’t mean HE (Basil) disbelieved in the Perpetual Virginity doctrine. That is a non-sequitor. Many in society were non-Christians (Pagans, Arians, etc.) All of these groups likely would have denied the perpetual Virginity of the Blessed Mother. Many in society denied the Divinity of Christ too and Kelly acknowledges that. He knows about Arians for example.
Here is an actual quote from St. Basil (regarding this doctrine): . . . “The friends of Christ do not tolerate hearing that the Mother of God EVER ceased to be a virgin.” (Hom. In S. Christi generationem n. 5). All caps mine.
Concluding Hegesippus “APPARENTLY” didn’t believe in the Perpetual Virginity doesn’t get us anywhere either. Jude and Jesus in a Jewish sense were brothers. So were Uncle Abraham and Nephew Lot “brothers” in a Jewish sense. But quoting Eusebius’ analysis of this situation and Eusebius using different Greek words when referring to Jude vrs. Symeon (Simon) 300 years later is a far stretch from asserting the Blessed Virgin Mary had other children. Just as it would be to say if Eusebius were to call Abraham “Uncle-Abraham” and Lot “Nephew-Lot”, it wouldn’t allow you to conclude that is how it was used during the Biblical time referred to. You would need more information one-way or the other. The Catholic Encyclopedia says about Hegesippus: “He (this brother of Jesus that Hegesippus refers to) is identified by most commentators with the Symeon, or Simon, WHO, ACCORDING TO HEGESIPPUS, WAS A SON OF CLOPAS, and succeeded James as Bishop of Jerusalem.” (Parenthesis and all caps mine). Thus we see quite a different scenario than Hegesippus denying the Blessed Mother Her Perpetual Virginity.
Just because Irenaeus says the Blessed Virgin was “as yet a virgin” when she “gave birth to Jesus” doesn’t show that he denied the Blessed Virgin’s Perpetual Virginity. It actually shows that HE AFFIRMED IT! How many women that are giving birth to babies that you can say are “as yet a virgin” about? Ott in Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma refers to Irenaeus as a defender of the doctrine of the Perpetual Virginity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (on p. 206). In all honesty I couldn’t find the quote. Ott cites “Against Heresies” Epistle 54. This is apparently a different numbering system than my resources so if anyone can clarify I’d be interested to hear St. Irenaeus’ quote on this.
I found NO early Church Fathers that taught this. I found early Church heretics such as Helvidius (
newadvent.org/fathers/3007.htm )and Jovinianus (
newadvent.org/cathen/08530a.htm ). St. Jerome wrote against both of these. The early Church called local synods to condemn Jovinianus – and specifically reaffirm the perpetual virginity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (See Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma. Ott. pp. 203-207). This is yet more patristic evidence of this doctrine (why would the Church condemn dissenting doctrines if it didn’t already hold to this doctrine?).
Continued in next post . . .