Were does morality come from?

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If the claim “God does not exist” is a positive claim, what is a negative claim?

Ender
“God exists.” They are antithetical claims, both of which need reasoned arguments to support them, otherwise you are being irrational believing one or the other. The “burden of providing support” is on whomever is making the claim
 
Geez this is frustrating. Can’t you just reply to what I say without all the “supposes”? Stop making assumptions about what I mean; the meaning is completely contained in what I write - it’s as uncomplicated as that. It seems that the simpler I make things the less comprehension there is; you are reading things in my words that I never put there.

A (Ender) - If God exists then morality objectively exists; if God does not exist then morality does not objectively exist.
Exactly! You even gave a biconditional in bold here. You just said that “God exists if and only if objective morality exists.” And further, you even want everyone to suppose that God does not exist. But when we suppose that, then the the logical conclusion is

MORALITY DOES NOT EXIST.

And the argument is over because this conclusion follows necessarily. Why is this difficult to understand? You are asking everyone to accept (1) and (2) as premises, but if we do, then the logical conclusion necessarily follows that morality does not exist.

(1)Suppose that if God does not exist, then objective morality does not exist. (Ender’s premise)
(2) Suppose God does not exist. (Ender’s premise)
(3) Therefore, objective morality does not exist. (necessary conclusion)

Argument over.
Q (OP) - Where does morality come from?
Are you going to give your answer to the &^%$# question or not?
I’m just trying to understand what the heck you are looking for. The topic of the post, yes, is “where does morality comes from?” And every theist believes morality comes from God. I haven’t offered any arguments for this claim (yet), but everyone else has. So what are your disagreements to everyone else’s arguments exactly? And more importantly, how are you, Ender, formulating the problem to begin with? You need to articulate how exactly YOU see the problem so that people know what you are asking before they attempt to provide solutions. Some of us are simply confused about what it is that you’re even asking because you’re being very vague and difficult to understand about how you construe the REAL problem at stake. So please clearly articulate how you see the problem here.

You’ve continually asked us to suppose (1) and (2) are true (for the sake of argument). But if we do suppose this, then morality does not exist. Period. The discussion is over. There’s nothing more anyone can do.
 
Syntax stated that objective moral truths either do or do not exist and I agreed with him. You need to take this question up with him.
I’ll just ask again:
But what does that even mean to you: “If moral truths exist…”? Just because you can put a string of words together that make you feel like you’ve said something meaningful doesn’t mean that’s what you’ve done. It’s like saying, “If I have hands, then I can judge correctly or incorrectly whether this is my hand - but do I have hands?” Why would you seriously ask such a question?
That’s what I mean. Your belief that morality exists is no more proof of your theory than Ptolemy’s belief that the sun went around the Earth was proof of his.
Hmmm… relevant? Do you think that the sun doesn’t go around the Earth? I’ve got news for you: if you take an appropriate frame of reference, it does!

In any case, how is this even relevant? Is this your attempt to undermine all of our knowledge? Ptolemy didn’t know in advance that heliocentrism would be disproven, but it was. But we are no different from Ptolemy, we can’t know in advance which elements of our ‘objective’ knowledge will someday be disproven. Therefore none of it is objective? That doesn’t follow, so your point is irrelevant. We can have objective knowledge that is fallible - do you get that???
My posts mean only what they say. Your assumptions about what they might imply are unwarranted. I think you’re having trouble with my comments because you read way too much into them; they usually mean a whole lot less than you imagine. Address what I have said and don’t try to guess where I’m going.
So you believe! But they actually mean a whole lot more than you imagine! Your problem is that you don’t see what your own claims mean, what implications they have. Further, you can’t even respond in a constructive way when someone points out these implications to you. You need to try to see why I’m telling you that these positions follow (why they are implied) from what you’ve stated and either agree with me, or disagree and tell me why they don’t follow!
Explain what you mean by not *just *another word for habits.
If you knew what morality was, I wouldn’t need to explain this to you. Many habits, such as your exercise habits, your meal routines, the way you brush your teeth, where you sit in a movie theatre or on the bus, are (probably) not related to promoting or undermining the human good. Therefore such habits do not pertain to morality.
Of course I do. Do you know what the OP’s question was? I have answered it, why won’t you?
Of course you do? Why not answer the questions I asked then?

"Do you really not know what morality is, or are you just interested in capturing it in some neat narrow definition so that you can explain it to psychopaths?

“Do you have a definition for morality? If you do, what is it and what is it good for?”

As for answering the OP’s question, did you not read my post #9? As for your answer to the question, it is meaningless. It’s just a dogmatic string of words that you think make sense but which you seem unable to explain. As Syntax and I have repeatedly pointed out: you set up the problem so as to beg the question from the start. You seem not to understand how philosophy works. The point isn’t just to give an answer. Any idiot can answer a question; we’re looking for good answers. So please answer my questions, as best you can.
 
"Ender:
Are you going to give your answer to the &^%$# question or not?
I’m just trying to understand what the heck you are looking for.
Can you possibly not understand? I am looking for you to answer the question asked by the OP. How else can this be said? Answer … the … question.
You need to articulate how exactly YOU see the problem so that people know what you are asking before they attempt to provide solutions.
We cannot start until you*** answer the question***. I refuse to believe that you cannot understand this request:*** answer the question***. I could, however, believe that you are unwilling to.
Some of us are simply confused about what it is that you’re even asking because you’re being very vague and difficult to understand about how you construe the REAL problem at stake. So please clearly articulate how you see the problem here.
Well, I guess I’d say the problem is that you won’t answer the question.
You’ve continually asked us to suppose (1) and (2) are true (for the sake of argument). But if we do suppose this, then morality does not exist. Period. The discussion is over. There’s nothing more anyone can do.
No. This is flat wrong. Again, your misconception is caused because you won’t limit yourself to responding only to what I say.

Nowhere in this thread have I said that we are to assume that God does not exist.
Nowhere in this thread have I said that we are to assume that objective morality exists only if God exists.

I made the statement that objective morality exists only if God exists, but that is a statement of my belief; it is not a pre-condition to limit the bounds of the debate. No one is obligated to accept it.
I made the statement that we were to assume God did not exist in a different thread; the conditions applied to that discussion don’t apply to this one.

Oh, one more thing: answer the OP’s question. If you are unwilling to do that at least don’t respond that you don’t know what I’m looking for.

Ender
 
I’ll just ask again: But what does that even mean to you: “If moral truths exist…”?
Syntax understands; ask him.
Hmmm… relevant? Do you think that the sun doesn’t go around the Earth? I’ve got news for you: if you take an appropriate frame of reference, it does!
Oh, swell. Another debate where words have no fixed meaning.
we can’t know in advance which elements of our ‘objective’ knowledge will someday be disproven. Therefore none of it is objective? That doesn’t follow, so your point is irrelevant.
You’re right, it doesn’t follow … but since that’s your point and not mine I don’t really care.
You need to try to see why I’m telling you that these positions follow (why they are implied) from what you’ve stated and either agree with me, or disagree and tell me why they don’t follow!
No, I don’t think I’ll accept the task of trying to clear up your assumptions since they are not based on anything I’ve actually said. If you want me to reply to your objections then quote me exactly and tailor your comment to what you quoted. Otherwise I’ll respond as you did: “if you knew …, I wouldn’t need to explain it to you.”
As for answering the OP’s question, did you not read my post #9?
Post #9? The one where you attempted to explain what Aquinas believed about a different question? I guess I missed the relevance.
As Syntax and I have repeatedly pointed out: you set up the problem so as to beg the question from the start.
You share Syntax’s penchant for invalid assumptions.
The point isn’t just to give an answer. Any idiot can answer a question
Since neither you nor Syntax have yet done so your assertion may turn out to be overly optimistic.

Ender
 
In order to begin a discussion the two sides have to first state their positions and I am still waiting for you to state yours. Answer the OP’s question: where does morality come from (and add whether you think morality does or does not objectively exist.)
This thread already takes it as given that morality exists. The question is where does it come from. Answer: from God. And I (like Betterave) find Aquinas’ position a nicely articulated answer.

My post you are referencing concerns an entirely different question, namely, how a theist can structure the moral realism/anti-realism debate without having to take a side on the objective/subjective distinction up front. I already said in that post my observation was off topic for this thread, but I wanted to expose my view just in case anyone was interested in taking up that strategy. So I don’t expect you to read the following if you don’t want to.

The strategy consists in shifting the burden of proof without making any claims. So one can approach the issue as a skeptic who merely **witholds **belief that objective morality doesn’t exist, and then ask the subjectivist what good reasons, if any, he has for believing his own belief is true, and then assessing whether or not his reasons are sufficient evidence to support his claim. This is a perfectly plausible and fair position to take, so long as the subjectivist agrees with it. It would be just like a person making a claim out of the blue saying “the president of the United States doesn’t exist” and then his opponent asking what his reasons are for thinking this is true. If his reasons are bad or faulty, then he is not justified in believing morality doesn’t exist. I am proposing we ought to be taking the subjective/objective debate this way–cautiously, like a skeptic–since it will undermine the subjectivist position with much greater speed and efficiency!👍
 
Can you possibly not understand? I am looking for you to answer the question asked by the OP. How else can this be said? Answer … the … question.

We cannot start until you*** answer the question***. I refuse to believe that you cannot understand this request:*** answer the question***. I could, however, believe that you are unwilling to.
Well, I guess I’d say the problem is that you won’t answer the question.

No. This is flat wrong. Again, your misconception is caused because you won’t limit yourself to responding only to what I say.

Nowhere in this thread have I said that we are to assume that God does not exist.
Nowhere in this thread have I said that we are to assume that objective morality exists only if God exists.

I made the statement that objective morality exists only if God exists, but that is a statement of my belief; it is not a pre-condition to limit the bounds of the debate. No one is obligated to accept it.
I made the statement that we were to assume God did not exist in a different thread; the conditions applied to that discussion don’t apply to this one.

Oh, one more thing: answer the OP’s question. If you are unwilling to do that at least don’t respond that you don’t know what I’m looking for.
It is no coincidence, Ender, that more than one person will consistently get confused about what your position and pre-defined self-made parameters actually are. They are either poorly expressed or continue to beg the question. So be careful where you put the blame. I would suggest picking up more philosophical literature to assist your understanding of how the study of ethics is actually approached and undertaken.
 
It is no coincidence, Ender, that more than one person will consistently get confused about what your position and pre-defined self-made parameters actually are. They are either poorly expressed or continue to beg the question. So be careful where you put the blame.
I had no pre-defined self-made parameters in this thread so it can hardly be my fault that you misunderstood what I didn’t say. As for getting confused about what I did say, I take no responsibility for that either. Here is my comment from post #52: I believe that God is the source of morality. I just don’t find it convincing that someone could misunderstand this, nor that a simple declarative statement could be considered poorly worded. You misunderstood me because you were interpreting what I said to fit your assumptions rather than adjusting your understanding to fit my words.
I would suggest picking up more philosophical literature to assist your understanding of how the study of ethics is actually approached and undertaken.
The confusion here has nothing to do with ethics; it has to do with the nature of debate. It seems you formed an early opinion of my position, put me in a box labeled “Oh, this old theory”, and then interpreted everything I said from that perspective. As I suggested earlier, if you quote the specific comment you disagree with and respond directly to that we might avoid this confusion in the future.

Ender
 
Were does morality come from??
Morality comes from decision making choosing between right and wrong. Particularly in the psychology of judgement.
 
Good, then would you also say that if God did not exist neither could morality?
Yes, because God’s own existence is the very source of morality. You (presumably) believe this too if you think morality cannot exist unless God exists.
I had no pre-defined self-made parameters in this thread so it can hardly be my fault that you misunderstood what I didn’t say. As for getting confused about what I did say, I take no responsibility for that either. Here is my comment from post #52: I believe that God is the source of morality. I just don’t find it convincing that someone could misunderstand this, nor that a simple declarative statement could be considered poorly worded. You misunderstood me because you were interpreting what I said to fit your assumptions rather than adjusting your understanding to fit my words…It seems you formed an early opinion of my position, put me in a box labeled “Oh, this old theory”, and then interpreted everything I said from that perspective. As I suggested earlier, if you quote the specific comment you disagree with and respond directly to that we might avoid this confusion in the future
I am talking about the discussion on here between you and Betterave that was carried over from the last thread.

I didn’t misquote your views there, but was merely repeating exactly what you said. If you don’t think I am trying to be charitable to your views, then it is because your very own words are not matching your actual intentions. After all, it is more likely that your strategy in approaching the problem in the last thread was very difficult to interpret than that Betterave and myself are still both coincidentally in error.
The confusion here has nothing to do with ethics; it has to do with the nature of debate.
I implied neither. With respect to the previous thread, I am suggesting that if you took a little time to understand how these ethical questions are actually approached in philosophical circles all of us would be on the same page with respect to the actual problem at stake in any future discussions, since our miscommunication here has always been due to how the problem is actually formulated.
 
Syntax understands; ask him.
Syntax? Do you understand this guy? What does he mean when he talks about “If morality exists…” as if there were reason for there being doubt about the matter?
Oh, swell. Another debate where words have no fixed meaning.
:rolleyes:
You’re right, it doesn’t follow … but since that’s your point and not mine I don’t really care.
:rolleyes: This is where a polite person who was interested in constructive dialogue would say something like, “I don’t see why you think, based on what I’ve said, that I would have to hold that view; here’s the point I was trying to make: …” But I guess that’s not going to happen with you!
No, I don’t think I’ll accept the task of trying to clear up your assumptions since they are not based on anything I’ve actually said. If you want me to reply to your objections then quote me exactly and tailor your comment to what you quoted. Otherwise I’ll respond as you did: “if you knew …, I wouldn’t need to explain it to you.”
:rolleyes:
Post #9? The one where you attempted to explain what Aquinas believed about a different question?** I guess I missed the relevance**.
:rolleyes: Yeah, obviously! Thankfully, not everyone did.

What you wrote:
Q (OP) - Where does morality come from?
A (Ender) - If God exists then morality objectively exists; if God does not exist then morality does not objectively exist.
A (Everyone else) - (crickets) … but Ender this and Ender that …

Aside from being a hopelessly inaccurate summary of this thread, you didn’t even answer the question that you asked: “Where does morality come from?” (which was not the question the OP asked, by the way!!)… oh the hypocrisy!
You share Syntax’s penchant for invalid assumptions.
Since neither you nor Syntax have yet done so your assertion may turn out to be overly optimistic.
:rolleyes:
 
Syntax? Do you understand this guy? What does he mean when he talks about “If morality exists…” as if there were reason for there being doubt about the matter?
lol!..I don’t know, man. I’m completely lost. And believe me, I’ve seriously, charitably, and wholeheartedly tried to understand what Ender is saying by continually attempting to give Ender the benefit of the doubt…but every time I provide an interpretation of my own, I get berated for it. I’m just trying to understand; and I *still *don’t. 🤷:confused:🤷:confused:
 
"Ender:
Good, then would you also say that if God did not exist neither could morality?
Yes, because God’s own existence is the very source of morality. You (presumably) believe this too if you think morality cannot exist unless God exists.
Absolutely, I explicitly said: "If God exists then morality objectively exists; if God does not exist then morality does not objectively exist." Is there any difference in our positions on this question? They seem to me to be identical.

Ender
 
Syntax? Do you understand this guy? What does he mean when he talks about “If morality exists…” as if there were reason for there being doubt about the matter?
There is doubt about the matter. I believe, as Syntax said, that morality comes from God. If there were no God then neither would there be morality and since there are a lot of people who doubt whether God exists there ought to be a lot of doubt that morality exists.

By the existence of morality I mean the existence of a set of moral principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals believe about them. What I don’t mean by it is the existence of personal creeds that individuals and societies create and that are totally under their control to define.

Ender
 
There is doubt about the matter. I believe, as Syntax said, that morality comes from God. If there were no God then neither would there be morality and since there are a lot of people who doubt whether God exists there ought to be a lot of doubt that morality exists.

By the existence of **morality **I mean the existence of a set of moral principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals believe about them. What I don’t mean by it is the existence of personal creeds that individuals and societies create and that are totally under their control to define.

Ender
Okay, thanks: you’ve given us an answer. (Not to the OP’s question, but that’s okay.) Now let’s see whether it’s a good answer.

You say: “morality” is a certain set of “moral principles” - that seems like a circular definition, does it not (i.e., rather uninformative!)? Could you try to say something a little more informative?

Also, you wrote: “By the existence of morality I mean…” - do you mean that you think that’s what ‘the existence of morality’ *actually *means? Or that you don’t care what it *actually *means, all you care about is what *you *mean?
 
Absolutely, I explicitly said: "If God exists then morality objectively exists; if God does not exist then morality does not objectively exist." Is there any difference in our positions on this question? They seem to me to be identical.
Yes. But we never actually had a dispute here.

I don’t want to accidentally confuse matters just yet. Maybe it’s a good idea that we let Betterave take the lead for now? He’s asking you good questions that hopefully gets everyone on the same page.
 
Okay, thanks: you’ve given us an answer. (Not to the OP’s question, but that’s okay.)
Give it a rest; I answered that question the same way Syntax did: God is the source of morality. I said that in post #52 and reiterated it in #107
You say: “morality” is a certain set of “moral principles” - that seems like a circular definition, does it not (i.e., rather uninformative!)? Could you try to say something a little more informative?
Could you try to find something a little more substantial to object to? My point was clear: morality exists only if it is objectively true; if beliefs are only subjectively valid to the individual who holds them then what is held to be morality is little different than habit.
“By the existence of morality I mean…” - do you mean that you think that’s what ‘the existence of morality’ *actually *means? Or that you don’t care what it *actually *means, all you care about is what *you *mean?
What morality “actually” means … yes, that would be useful to agree on. That’s why I explained how I was using it, an explanation I’m pretty sure you understood. You obviously understood it well enough to disagree with it.

Ender
 
Give it a rest; I answered that question the same way Syntax did: God is the source of morality. I said that in post #52 and reiterated it in #107
You answered the question that *you *asked: “Where does morality come from?” The OP asked a different question that you did not answer.
Could you try to find something a little more substantial to object to? My point was clear: morality exists only if it is objectively true; if beliefs are only subjectively valid to the individual who holds them then what is held to be morality is little different than habit.
:confused: You don’t think my pointing out that your definition is circular is a substantive objection? 🤷

You claimed: morality is a set of moral principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals believe about them. So what am I to conclude from this oh-so-clear definition? That if it is objectively true that there is a hotdog in the fridge, regardless of what any individuals believe, then ‘there is a hotdog in the fridge’ is a moral principle? Please explain to me why this claim is excluded from the domain of morality by your oh-so-informative definition (assuming, that is, that you think it is!).
What morality “actually” means … yes, that would be useful to agree on. That’s why I explained how I was using it, an explanation I’m pretty sure you understood. You obviously understood it well enough to disagree with it.
Great! So in your opinion ‘morality’ actually means ‘moral principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals believe about them.’ And you have nothing to say about what makes such a principle a **moral **principle? The only thing you can tell us about morality is that it consists of ‘principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals believe about them’? … Wow! Are you sure you know what **morality **is?

So what is a principle, in your view - do you have something to tell us about that at least? Do all principles rely on God’s existence for their existence? How does that relationship work (God and principle) - do you have any idea? Do *you *know these principles, or just God? If *you *know them, *how *do you know them and how do you know they are ‘principles’ (whatever that means to you), in particular, ‘principles that are objectively true regardless of what individuals (such as yourself) believe about them’?
 
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