“Goodness” or morality is a strategy that humans – as cooperative animals – have developed to promote our goals and values.
Early on in the existence of our species, these goals were simple survival. Over time, and thanks to civilization, we’ve developed much grander goals for ourselves (for example, the goals of personal fulfillment and “happiness,” etc.).
If you study animals, you’ll see that other social animals similarly have codes of behavior and rules regulating members of their communities. Wolf packs make good examples – we’ve observed wolf packs banish members of their community for violating some of their most stringent laws, the most stringent of which is not harming the young, of which the pack is extremely protective.
While there may not be a “good gene,” that’s only because the behaviors we describe as good are too complicated to be regulated by a single gene. “Good” is part of a pattern of cooperative behavior that is indeed hard-wired into humans as it is in other social animals.
Unlike wolves and other animals, human behavior involves choice.
That is why only the behavior of men can really be labeled as good or evil. Wolves are genetically encoded into the social behaviors that they display. Like chickens or chimps, they have no guilt or shame for any of the behaviors that they demonstrate on the pecking order. Their social roles likewise are based on superior and inferior individual biology. There is no remorse or pride in the roles that they play.
Warfare and murder and cheating and stealing are very much human behaviors, as is self-sacrifice. The possibility of such behaviors creates a whole new quantum of animal existence in which morality not only becomes possible, but absolutely necessary for continuing survival as a species.
Asmuch as the secular scientist may insist that human behavior is entirely determined by physics and biology, the moral indignation that the secular scientist displays when someone randomly and maliciously jabs him with a pin is exactly the same as the reaction that the theist displays from such a jab.
for the fact remains, for the theist as much as the atheist, human existence without the fact of moral choice becomes an impossible absurdity.
Simply put, as it was in the Garden when Eve chose to listen to the snake, we are not animals. The snake was simply guiltlessly follow his own nature in his suggestion that desire for the fruit was enough, while Eve was going contrary to her own.
Human behavior is not just quantitatively different than the instinctual existence of the snake, but qualitatively so. As humans we must struggle against our inner desires, or die.
The wolf engages in no such inner struggle. His role in the social structure of the pack is based entirely on instinct and pure animal ability.