Dominicans are quite widespread… but their rite is normally only for those within their order.
That was not so in the British Isles in the 1950s. I served Mass regularly and, when a Dominican or Calced Carmelite visited the parish, he said Mass according to his own Use (the previous poster is correct in that these are ‘subsets’ of the Roman Rite & are technically called “Uses”).
Their order preserves the late 12th C Roman Missal… they never were required to shift to the Trent missal.
Indeed. Note the compassion and good sense of all previous legislation on the liturgy. There was a purpose to the Tridentine Reform: many Missals had adopted prayers and practices from the Protestant heresy, and hence the previous relaxed customs were tightened up. All liturgies more recent than 200 years were suppressed; but any that could show a form more than 200 years old – before the protestant Rebellion – could be retained as an option. there was no good reason to suppress these venerable and loved traditions, and so they were protected by Quo Primum – which is a shining example of clear and workable legislation. It stated the level of authority, both what was & what was not the law, and much else. To put it mildly, it compares very favourably with the heavy-handed actions of Pope Paul VI. Indeed, while making it very clear that he wanted the Novus Ordo Missae adopted everywhere, he did not actually attempt to abolish it with full legal force. That is what this is all about. It was not “open disobedience” to continue with an immemorial custom that was specifically protected until the end of time.
Carmelites are equally as widespread; tho most of their houses do not use it, their pre-Trent missal, adapted from the Roman, is still permitted to be used by Carmelite priests.
N.B. the Carmelites were reformed by S. Teresa of Avila & S. John of the Cross. They went back to sandals, hence the nickname “Discalced”. They adopted the Tridentine (1570) Missal, in response to the document (Quo Primum) establishing it as the “default” Roman liturgy. The Carmelite communities that did not follow these reforms (but underwent spiritual renewal) were named the Calced Carmelites and retained their own Use. Both Dominicans and Carmelites had variations in the Ordinary of the Mass (one was much more different from the TLM than the other, but I don’t remember which it was) and very many Dominican/Carmelite Feasts. In Ayelsford and Faversham, in Kent, England, there are communities of both Carmelite branches, and they offer the Novus Ordo exclusively. In Aylesford about 10 years ago I was there for Benediction, and everybody, priest & lay, had actually forgotten how the hymns and service went. As my family & I had decided that the SSPX were in the right, and had been attending their ceremonies, catechism, etc etc, for many years, we alone seemed to know how it went. Once again, I salute the SSPX.
I spoke with a layman who tested his vocation with them in the early 70s (he saved up for a year to go there & lasted 19 days. When he apologised, the Rector told him that most pre-postulants last only 24 hours). He said that, after Vatican II, they were politely invited to update their liturgy and practices. Their superior General equally politely replied that they had had no need to change anything in the previous 800 years and saw no reason to start now. But whether they continued with this, I don’t know.
The Mozarabic Mass has no order behind it; the Roman Rite priests of the Diocese of Toledo may use the Mozarabic missal instead of the Roman when in certain parishes. It’s a Latin mass, but not the Trent missal. The Mozarabic is apparently a hybrid of the Galican Rite and the Roman Rite, and dates to the 9th or 10th C.
Yes, it is the form that was in use all over Europe, including Ireland, but gradually gave way to the Roman Use as the centuries went on. Mostly this was done without any great fuss. It was in use before the invention of the printing press and there was probably never a uniform standard. It had much more variation from Mass to Mass than the Roman Use, and the priest had two Missals on the altar. It was always in Latin. it is the form that S. Patrick would have used. There was no sense of opposition to Rome in those pre-instant communication days. But there was great hostility to the adoption of the Date for Easter (as with the Eastern branches also). At least, that is how it is always described in the ancient accounts, but I have sometimes wondered is that merely their way of describing the entire liturgical system – rather as many nowadays talk about “The Latin Mass” as if the Latin were the only, or the main, thing.
The Normans brought the Roman Rite to the British Isles in the 11th century, while Spain had adopted the Arian heresy from the 5th century. When the Catholic Faith was re-adopted, perhaps the Roman rite was imported then. Only the families that had preserved the Catholic Faith, I believe, continued with the Visigothic rite – the others adopted the Roman – and their numbers shrank to that one chapel in Toledo Cathedral.
Does anybody know whether it survived Vatican II?