How does the following fit in with the goal of jihad?
First of all, let me be really clear. The Islamic Khilafah is
not the goal of jihad. In other words, establishing an Islamic state is not a goal of jihad.
It’s important to get that out of the way, because many Muslims do not even know that. But I’ve listened to the sheikh whom you quoted explain this very subject a number of times, so if you’ll allow me to briefly present the evidence. The first Islamic state was established not when Muhammad became a Prophet, not when Muslims were fighting with their enemies. It was established after 13 years of Islamic
preaching., i.e., da’wah. After giving da’wah and preaching for 13 years in Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad and the Muslims
migrated to Medina, where they established the first Islamic state. It was through da’wah, and
not through jihad.
Today there is no Islamic state (in the above context. “Muslim countries” do not constitute an Islamic state.) and many Muslims are eager to see one established. They want one among themselves, not one imposed on other people, before you take that the wrong way. It’s kind of like saying the “Founding Fathers” of the USA wanted to establish a democracy amongst themselves–not to impose it on someone else.
Who is the current Islamic Khilafah? If there is not one, does this mean the whole Muslim Ummah is sinning?
There is at present no Khalifah (leader of Islamic state) nor any Islamic state. Does it mean the whole Muslim Ummah is sinning? Odd question.
Muhammad prophesied that after his death the Ummah would be led by successors who followed his guidance (the khalifahs) for 30 years or so, then they would be followed by kings, and the kings would be followed tyranny–i.e., dictatorships. And after that, again Muslims would be ruled by khalifahs.
And basically that’s exactly what’s happened. The rule of the four “rightly-guided caliphs” lasted for 30 years, followed by monarchies, and today we see corrupt dictators.
Officially the Islamic khilafah fell at the end of WW1–although at that point it was not led by the sort of leaders Muslims describe as the rightly-guided khulafah. It was pretty much a monarchy, a khilafah in name only, but at the point there was still some central leadership for the Muslims. But with the fall of the Ottoman
Empire, that leadership has been gone. Does it mean the Muslims are sinning?
The Muslims did not dismantle the khilafah, and they are trying to re-establish it. But not with jihad, mind you. As the sheikh says, the Muslims today are like that period of 13 years in Mecca–no jihad, only da’wah.
What is the peaceful interpretation of #6 duty listed above?
If there is a nation which prohibits people from following the religion of Islam, then the last stages of jihad would be against that nation, so that all people would be guaranteed the freedom of religion. Specifically, the freedom to be Muslim.