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Part 3, directive 36 of the USCCB’s
Ethical and religious directives for Catholic Health Care services
In short, rape victims can use emergency contraception.
Ideally, rape would be prevented. If/since, this is not possible, the next ideal would be to prevent rape victims from becoming pregnant and from getting STD’s, agreed? The best way to prevent STD’s in cases of rape is the use of male condoms. Condoms are also a decent way to prevent pregnancy. But, rapists aren’t exactly known for their consideration of their victim’s wellbeing, so often, condoms are not used, I presume. Therefore, rape victims are more at risk for STD’s and unwanted pregnancy than say, a married couple (duh). In some parts of the world, rape is a much more common occurence than in Western society where most CAF members live. For example, there is a significantly higher chance of being raped in a country such as the Democratic Republic of Congo. Besides the trauma of being raped, getting an STD, and raising a child whose father is your rapist, women in these countries don’t have an exactly easy life anyway (poverty, already have large families, etc.)
In accordance with Catholic teaching, these women can licitly use emergency contraception (aka Plan B/morning after pill or copper IUD) (provided that ovulation has not yet occured.) Here’s the problem: in poverty stricken areas, determining if ovulation has occured is not possible in a timely matter (and time is of the essense), plus it may be prohibitavely costly. If you were a Catholic medical provider in an area of the world like this, would you be willing to provide EC to a rape victim even if you couldn’t determine if ovulation had occured? (Give it the benefit of the doubt, so to speak.)
Whether your answer is yes or no, another thing to consider, though it may not be in accordance with Catholic teaching, is would you consider prescribing birth control (aka the Pill, patch, implant etc) as a preventative measure to women at such a high risk of being raped? Or if you were in the situation of being at high risk, would you consider using it? Would being married or single have an impact on your decision?
Another situation to consider: what if you were in a situation of being frequently raped by someone, say a family member. You could licitly take the morning after pill every single time you were raped (if you practiced some sort of fertility awareness so would know when you ovulated). But the morning after pill is not meant to be used as a regular method of birth control. So would you be willing to take the Pill/patch/implant etc as a method of birth control then? Keep in mind that this is not the marital act. This is rape. Also, I am asking for your personal opinions here, not the official Church teachings - you have free will to ignore the teachings.
I mentioned before that the copper IUD can be used for emergency contraception (up to 5 days, as opposed to 3 days for the morning after pill.) The copper IUD is not abortifacient TECHNICALLY. (They would never give an IUD to a pregnant woman.) Yes I know, a newly conceived human being could fail to implant blah blah blah and some call that abortion. For the sake of argument, let’s go with the accepted understanding of how the IUD works which is to “hinder ascent of sperm to the fallopian tubes (where fertilization occurs) or reduce the ability of sperm to fertilize an egg. IUDs influence the number of sperm reaching the uterine cavity and the fallopian tubes. The sterile foreign-body reaction in the uterine cavity causes both cellular and biochemical changes that may be toxic to sperm. The copper released from the IUDs may have a toxic effect on the sperm.”
(
fhi.org/en/RH/Pubs/booksReports/methodaction.htm)
So if you were expecting to get raped again in the near future, would you be more likely to consider the copper IUD over the morning after pill? (Because the IUD can be left in and in fact prevent conception for 10 years if you choose to keep it that long.) Again, just asking for opinions here people. Let’s not get into a discussion of if these things are abortifacient. The medical community agrees they are not, by definition, abortifacient and although you may disagree, it is not the issue at hand. I am just asking if you think circumstances lessen the intrinsic evil of contraception, and what you would do in if you were in such a circumstance.