What Really Caused the Reformation?

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Out of love for the truth and the desire to bring it to light, the following propositions **will be discussed **at Wittenberg, under the presidency of the Reverend Father Martin Luther, Master of Arts and of Sacred Theology, and Lecturer in Ordinary on the same at that place. Wherefore he requests that those who are unable to be present and debate orally with us, may do so by letter.

In the Name our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen.
  1. Our Lord and Master Jesus Christ, when He said Poenitentiam agite, willed that the whole life of believers should be repentance.
  2. This word cannot be understood to mean sacramental penance, i.e., confession and satisfaction, which is administered by the priests.
  3. Yet it means not inward repentance only; nay, there is no inward repentance **which does not outwardly work divers mortifications of the flesh. **
  4. The penalty [of sin], therefore, continues so long as hatred of self continues; for this is the true inward repentance, and continues until our entrance into the kingdom of heaven.
  5. The pope does not intend to remit, and cannot remit any penalties other than those which he has imposed either by his own authority or by that of the Canons.
  6. The pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring that it has been remitted by God and by assenting to God’s remission; though, to be sure, he may grant remission in cases reserved to his judgment. If his right to grant remission in such cases were despised, the guilt would remain entirely unforgiven.
  7. God remits guilt to no one whom He does not, at the same time, humble in all things and bring into subjection to His vicar, the priest.
  8. The penitential canons are imposed only on the living, and, according to them, nothing should be imposed on the dying.
  9. Therefore the Holy Spirit in the pope is kind to us, because in his decrees he always makes exception of the article of death and of necessity.
  10. Ignorant and wicked are the doings of those priests who, in the case of the dying, reserve canonical penances for purgatory.
Here is the link for all 95
iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/wittenberg/luther/web/ninetyfive.html
Thank you Altesse…I will go read the rest of them!

I guess, reading the above, Luther’s 95 theses are really not 95 separate issues (as I had thought), but maybe 10 or 20, broken down into various components of the same issue.

goes to read
 
Unless you keep strict koshering of meat, you ARE ingesting blood (and don’t forget such delicacies as blood pudding. . .nobody suggests that eating such is unChristian). And what about seafood? Are those who eat lobsters as unChristian as those who do not keep kosher?

Many levitical 'small ‘l’ laws are no longer in force (laws on purity during menstruation, the prohibition of touching corpses leading to ‘uncleanliness’, even burying one’s waste.) This does not mean that God ‘changed His mind’ because all of these --the blood included–were disciplines. Disciplines can change. Otherwise we would still be wearing clothes made of only one type of cloth, women would not wear pants, etc.
 
I was trying to edit my original post (see last two sentences before goes to read…) and apparently I can’t; it quoted me instead. I’ll let this stand, as it is my full answer to you…sorry about the duplication, though…
sigh

I haven’t seen the banned topics yet. I posted this question in another thread, and someone kindly separated it, re-titled it (the title is not mine) and put it here.

If I’m in violation of the TOS, please let me know.

ALSO, I took mild offense at being accused of making rhetorical statments for the purpose of asking leading questions, ultimately to slam the Catholic Church…That goes to motive. And it’s untrue.

So when you seemed to get hot and bothered that I called you on my perception of sarcasm, yet you were perfectly willing to call me on your perception of rhetoric, I said it was a case of “Pot and Kettle”…both of us calling the other on something the other had aparently not done. Okay? Are we cool now?

goes back to read the rest of the thread
 
Unless you keep strict koshering of meat, you ARE ingesting blood (and don’t forget such delicacies as blood pudding. . .nobody suggests that eating such is unChristian). And what about seafood? Are those who eat lobsters as unChristian as those who do not keep kosher?
Ingesting blood from meat and drinking a cup of blood are two different things; I certainly know that I am not tasting human blood when I drink from the cup.

That problem is still not overcome by the “small L laws” being overturned, and/or subsumed (is that the correct word?) into God’s fuller revelation.
 
True, in technicality. I believe the main issue was the contradiction in practice and application.
You said that what the Church taught did not jive with scriputre yet now you tell us it true only in “tevhnicality”. What does this mean.
The “common folk” saw some church leaders practice “selective application” of rules, regulations and scripture. One application for “the people” and another for themselves.
And these were?
When the people could read the Holy Scripture for themselve in their own languages, the troubles began. The Church reacted by trying to maintain the status quo instead of using the opportunity for correction and restoration
The Scripture had been read and taught to people for 1500 years before the reformation. Prior to guttneberg that was the ONLY way that Scripture . was available to the people. Before Gutenberg Bibles were not readily available and were written in latin-iof course the language it was writtnen in was irelevant as most people were illiterate.
Hence the Church restricted the access to the Holy Scripture and sorely punished those who attempted to think for themselves
.\

Nonsense. More from the anit-cathiolic hit parade.
A sad, sad time.

"As the church faced the cultural upheavals at the turn of the sixteenth century, the response was to attempt to preserve the established structures and to put a damper on creative initiative.
More nonsnense.
If church leadership had recognized that the medieval form of Christianity needed to be transformed because print was becoming the dominant medium, then church leaders might have seen people like Martin Luther as creative leaders bringing Christianity into a new era. The Roman Catholic Church today bears little resemblance to the medieval church.
Medevil form of Chrisitanity? how about the form of Christianity that had stood as the basion of Truth for 200 years. Luther was creative all tight-he invented two new doctrines-neither of which was supported by either Scripture , tradition or Church teaching.
Today, Bibles are published by the church and their use is promoted, priests are not allowed to hold political office, and members are encouraged to read the Bible and worship in their native language.
Again an over simplification of what actually occured.
If the church in the sixteenth century had only recognized that the communication revolution surrounding it called for a transformation, church leaders would have found within its ranks creative and energetic people eager to help the church find its way through the transformation.
So they should have rejected the Truth to keep people from following false doctines? we, of course, see the same agrguments today which is why so many protestant Churchs have embraced abortion, homosexuality.contraception fermale ordination, et al.
Sadly, the response of the church was to ban the translation or distribution of printed Bibles, to fight against separation of church and state, and to standardize and enforce the use of only Latin liturgies."
Utter nonsnese. the Church did not ban translation or distribution of the Bible. They did ban the reading of deliberately mistranslated Bible-but of course the Protestants did the same-going so far as to exectute those who issued Bibles they didnt like.
 
Many levitical 'small ‘l’ laws are no longer in force (laws on purity during menstruation, the prohibition of touching corpses leading to ‘uncleanliness’, even burying one’s waste.) This does not mean that God ‘changed His mind’ because all of these --the blood included–were disciplines. Disciplines can change. Otherwise we would still be wearing clothes made of only one type of cloth, women would not wear pants, etc.
Fair enough. (In the same vein, I have often wondered about the prohibition of Homosexuality in Lev. being a “big law” or a “little law”…i.e., was it merely at that time? Was it related to temple prostitution? Was it a form of pederasty that was prohibited? etc. etc.)

I still think blood sausage is icky-poo! 😃

I must admit that I have eaten both pork and shellfish recently. My only defense is the NT dream of Peter’s (“Arise, kill and eat…call nothing unclean that I have called clean.”)

So where does that leave us on the issue of blood/transubstantiation?

And again, unless this was one of the sticking points of Luther re: the reformation, we really need to link to another thread to discuss this side point.

P.S. I’m still going through the 95 theses link provided earlier to see if I can distill down to “top 10” reasons.
 
With what evidence?
No evidence, just a “what if?” Looking at today’s politics it would not suprise me if such things happened then.

Both sides had valid points to their debates and arguments, it is just unfotunate that both sides did not see that.
 
No evidence, just a “what if?” Looking at today’s politics it would not suprise me if such things happened then.

Both sides had valid points to their debates and arguments, it is just unfotunate that both sides did not see that.
The problem is that one side said "OK-you are corrupt therefore we are going to invent new Doctrines and start our own church. So they left the "corrupt: Church and put millions and millions of peoples souls in jeapordy by teaching these false doctines.
 
Fair enough. (In the same vein, I have often wondered about the prohibition of Homosexuality in Lev. being a “big law” or a “little law”…i.e., was it merely at that time? Was it related to temple prostitution? Was it a form of pederasty that was prohibited? etc. etc.)

I still think blood sausage is icky-poo! 😃

I must admit that I have eaten both pork and shellfish recently. My only defense is the NT dream of Peter’s (“Arise, kill and eat…call nothing unclean that I have called clean.”)

**So where does that leave us on the issue of blood/transubstantiation?**And again, unless this was one of the sticking points of Luther re: the reformation, we really need to link to another thread to discuss this side point.

P.S. I’m still going through the 95 theses link provided earlier to see if I can distill down to “top 10” reasons.
I was baptized (sprinkled) and confirmed Lutheran, baptized (dunked) Pentecostal (non-denominational/charismatic whatever you want to call it), attended a “pentecostal” bible college, confirmed (RCIA 2004) Catholic.

Regarding the Eucharist

Lutherans believe in con-substantiation.

“Consubstantiation is the doctrine that the substance of the body and blood of Christ coexist in and with the substance of the bread and wine of the Eucharist.”

Pentecostals - the bread and wine/juice are “symbols” of the body and blood of the Lord

Catholics believe in tran-substantiation - The bread and wine “become” the body and blood of the Lord

Transubstantiation is the Roman Catholic doctrine that the whole substance of the bread and the wine changes into the substance of the body and blood of Christ when consecrated in the Eucharist.

The general meaning of the word is “an act that changes the form or character or substance of something”.

I have always understood that the Lord was present in the Eucharist; and not just symbolically.

This is the great mystery. I don’t understand how He is present in the host, but I **know **that He is present.

I just know that I wanted MORE of Him, not less.
 
The problem is that one side said "OK-you are corrupt therefore we are going to invent new Doctrines and start our own church. So they left the "corrupt: Church and put millions and millions of peoples souls in jeapordy by teaching these false doctines.
I truly believe that Luther never intended to leave the Church. He loved the Catholic church and it broke his heart when his attempts to bring about correction failed. His starting a “new” church only came about because he was excommunicated. I don’t believe he would not have left otherwise.
 
Regarding the Eucharist:

Lutherans believe in con-substantiation.

“Consubstantiation is the doctrine that the substance of the body and blood of Christ coexist in and with the substance of the bread and wine of the Eucharist.”

Pentecostals - the bread and wine/juice are “symbols” of the body and blood of the Lord

Catholics believe in tran-substantiation - The bread and wine “become” the body and blood of the Lord

Transubstantiation is the Roman Catholic doctrine that the whole substance of the bread and the wine changes into the substance of the body and blood of Christ when consecrated in the Eucharist.

The general meaning of the word is “an act that changes the form or character or substance of something”.

I have always understood that the Lord was present in the Eucharist; and not just symbolically.

This is the great mystery. I don’t understand how He is present in the host, but I **know **that He is present.

I just know that I wanted MORE of Him, not less.
I’m all for that! 👍

I’ve taken “communion” (Eucharist) in various church traditions: Non-denominational, presbyterian, lutheran, methodist, charismatic, pentecostal, episcopalian, anglican, and once Catholic (though I didn’t understand at the time that a non-Catholic was not supposed to participate…mea culpa!)

It has always disturbed me in other traditions when the bread and wine were supplanted with “bread and juice”, since I thought the whole point was to immitate Christ, and I’m fairly certain the Jewish Tradition of passover calls for wine (albeit “new wine” which is not very strong).

I don’t think of the bread and wine as “mere symbols” (though I once did), but I am having a hard time convincing myself that they actually somehow mystically BECOME Christ’s body and blood. There it is.

scratches head…hopes for illumination

–D <><
 
I truly believe that Luther never intended to leave the Church. He loved the Catholic church and it broke his heart when his attempts to bring about correction failed. His starting a “new” church only came about because he was excommunicated. I don’t believe he would not have left otherwise.
That was the impression I got from that class I took…How many days/months/years did it take to go from the 95 theses to excommunication?

I’ve read the Papal Bull that he burned, by the way, just yesterday…
 
Ani Ibi said:
With what evidence?
Altesse said:
No evidence, just a “what if?” Looking at today’s politics it would not suprise me if such things happened then.

Both sides had valid points to their debates and arguments, it is just unfotunate that both sides did not see that.
Just a side note, guys/gals:

My mother has a PhD in Rhetoric and her specialty is John Milton, specifically the assertion that he intended to become a preacher, and that his poetical style is indicative of the five main forms of preaching widely in use in his day.

I only bring this up to say the following, as touches on our discussion:

There are numerous pamphlets that were disseminated in Milton’s day accusing various persons of all sorts of wrong-doing. Every pamphleteer seems to be riding high on his or her own horse, and often the words written do not remotely agree with known facts. (These pamphlets were both regarding religious and secular matters).

This was only a few hundred years ago. I don’t doubt that something similar occurred with the Reformation, but that is merely my opinion, and I must be content to say “I don’t know” and study it more.

Peace to you all!

–D <><
 
I truly believe that Luther never intended to leave the Church. He loved the Catholic church and it broke his heart when his attempts to bring about correction failed. His starting a “new” church only came about because he was excommunicated. I don’t believe he would not have left otherwise.
Since he disagredd with fundamental doctrines of the Chgurch how could he possible have remained?
 
Calvin was a Lutheran first, as was Zwingli if I recall correctly.
We don’t know a lot about Calvin’s theology before he left France. It is certainly possible that, like many other people, he went through a “Lutheran” stage. But we have no evidence of this. This is even less true of Zwingli, who always insisted that he developed his ideas independently and was never a follower of Luther.
To claim that the Reformation would have happened anyway really minimizes how influential Luther was.
It depends on what we mean by the “Reformation.” I think some sort of schism would very likely have taken place without Luther–whether or not Zwingli was completely independent of Luther (I doubt it), he certainly had rather different emphases and probably would have developed many of his ideas anyway. I think there would have been a kind of Protestantism focused on issues such as church-state relations, greater power to the laity, and rejection of much Catholic sacramentalism and allegedly “superstitious” practices. It would not, however, have had a full-fledged doctrine of justification by faith, which was Luther’s peculiar contribution.

Edwin
 
In fact folks were converted on pain of death
That is total bunk. Give one example of a Catholic being converted to Lutheranism on pain of death. You can’t do it.
and on pain of seizure of their property.
That is possible, but I’d still like to see an example.
100 000 peasants were killed.
How does that have anything to do with Luther converting people to his ideas? The peasants were revolting for reasons partially unconnected to the Reformation and partly linked to their own more radical interpretation of Luther’s ideas. This is irrelevant to the argument you are allegedly making.
Those who did not comply with Luther saw their property burned to the ground.
Again, give an example of this.
The Jews were persecuted so effectively that Hitler revived Luther’s policies verbatim.
Please list the ways in which policies toward Jews in Lutheran territories differed from policies toward Jews in Catholic territories.

Note that Hitler also claimed to be following the example of the Catholic Church in his treatment of Jews.
How humanist is that? What kind of Renaissance thinking is that? .
Very Renaissance indeed. Both the unscrupulous use of force and the employment of nasty, over-the-top rhetoric were characteristic of the Renaissance.

Edwin
 
Is it possible that writings ascribed to Luther (the “profane and scatalogical correspondence” and anti-semitic writings) were created to cut him down and weren’t really his words?
Both scatological language and vicious anti-Jewish rhetoric can indeed be found in Luther’s writings. Neither of these is unique to Luther, of course! But there’s no point trying to let Luther “off the hook” here.

Edwin
 
It seems to me that you discredit yourself, Sir, by resorting to such ad hominem attacks. I think you owe an apology to estesbob.
I apologize for the implication that estesbob was unscrupulous. However, I do not think he is bothering to inform himself of the facts, and that he is relying on unscrupulous (or at least culpably careless) sources. Is that better? It’s as good as I can do without violating the truth.

Serious scholars of the Reformation, Catholic or Protestant, do not make these claims. They have no merit, and if estesbob bothered to inform himself he would know this.

I am going to call scurrilous nonsense what it is, and I have no reason to apologize for doing so.

For what it’s worth, my reference to unscrupulous apologists was not intended to refer to estesbob but rather to published Catholic writers who have made these sorts of claims. My point was that you do not find these claims in works of serious modern scholarship.

Edwin
 
I thought it had already been admitted/agreed that the doctrine of infallibility was inaccurate–at least in the past–(so far as touching on the selling of indulgences, at bare minimum)…?
The “selling” of indulgences was never infallibly defined. The Catholic Church has never admitted that the basic theology of indulgences is in error.

Edwin
 
Thank you for the well-thought out reply, Edwin…I’ll need to chew on it for a bit before replying in turn.

I’m not Catholic, by the way…
Sorry for the carelessness!
.I was raised by non-denominational protestants (who themselves went through a rainbow of various religious traditions before settling on Episcopalian and Pentacostal, respectively), and I–without going into great detail of MY extremely colored past–currently attend an episcopalian church with strong Anglican leanings, and visit a methodist church when I’m in California…
Sounds a lot like me. I grew up in a nondenominational house church with a Wesleyan Holiness background. I became Episcopalian in grad school after seriously considering conversion to Catholicism (something that did not end when I became Episcopalian). My wife is United Methodist, and we currently attend an Episcopal church on Saturday evening and a Methodist church on Sunday morning.

Edwin
 
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