Where to begin?

  • Thread starter Thread starter Randy_Carson
  • Start date Start date
Status
Not open for further replies.
Well, you probably want to bring up the faith to him/her. IF they are open about talking about go ahead. Mention that lent is coming . May be you can bring up the difference between our communion practices . We receive the body and blood of Christ while they receive a symbol of it .
 
=Randy Carson;7623658]When you are dialoguing with a non-Catholic Christian and you want to argue for the truth of Catholicism (as opposed to Mere Christianity), what verse(s) do you like to begin with, and how do you build your argument?
Hi Randy; another GREAT queston!

For me it depends on how much I know about the persons previous Faith-Formation. I try to assertain this before I start.

If it is an unchurched person I start by explaining the bible, with some basic bible history.How it is set up; and how to use thwe bible. I find it valuable to establish a few basic Understanding The Bible RULES. 2 Tim. 3;16-17, Peters advice about self-interpetation, and that 'no One passage can contradict another passage; because this would completely nullify the value of the bible as a valid Teaching and learning tool.

I’m sure to include the fact that Christ Himself acts a surety of the COMPLETE TRUTH of ALL CC Teachings on the catagories of Faith and Morals.

**John 14: 16-17 ** And I will pray the Father, and he will give you another Counselor, **to be with you for ever, **even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him; you know him, for he dwells with you, and will be in you.

**John 17: 14-19 **“I have given them thy word; and the world has hated them because they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. I do not pray that thou shouldst take them out of the world, but that thou shouldst keep them from the evil one. They are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. Sanctify them in the truth; thy word is truth. 18 As thou didst send me into the world, so I have sent them into the world. And for their sake I consecrate myself, that they also may be consecrated in truth.”

2 Tim.3: 16 to 17
:“All scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.”

2 Pet.1: 20 "First of all you must understand this, that no prophecy of scripture is a matter of one’s own interpretation, " **2nd. Pet.3: 3, 16 ** “First of all you must understand this, that scoffers will come in the last days with scoffing, following their own passions speaking of this as he does in all his letters. There are some things in them hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other scriptures”

Then I proceed to establishing ONLY One new Church. Followed by Explaining Peters Role, and the Role of the Other Apostles. Using the Bible exclusively and exrensively at this juncture.

Often using these verses:

John 10:16 And I have other sheep, that are not of this fold; I must bring them also, and they will heed my voice. So there shall be one flock, one shepherd.

Eph. 2:19-20 “So then you are no longer strangers and sojourners, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God, [singular] built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone, in whom the whole structure is joined together and grows into a holy temple in the Lord; [singular] in whom you also are built into it for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit. “

Eph. 4: 4 -8 “There is one body [Only One Church] and one Spirit, [Only One set of beliefs] just as you were called to the one hope that belongs to your call, one Lord, [Only One God] ONLY one faith, [Only One set of doctrine and dogma] one baptism, By water in the Trinity] one God and Father of us all, who is above all and through all and in all. But grace was given to each of us according to the measure of Christ’s gift. "

With someone comming from another faith practice; I’l usually start by asking what they know about the CC, and what questions do you have? And give asurance that WE WILL cover ALL those issues for them.

Then I pretty much start the same way as I do the “unchurched.” IF, the person is “hung up” on a incorrect understanding; like of Mary, the Eucharist, Confession; OSAS, or Faith Alone; I’ll do a brief explaination; always using the Bible to support our positions; until Faith understanding is suficient to include other sources like our catechism. I find this necessary just to gain control of the dialog.

I have developed a alphabetical Bible verse reference document so I can quickly find what I’m looking for, by topic.

I do try to leave “holes” in my explainations to encourage questions and keep it personal.

I’m looking forward to reading other ideas and practices.

And I try very hard to cover ONLY one topic at a time; until we reach an understanding of it.

It’s important to understand that unless otherwise demonistrated, all of them know little about the WHYS of our Faith practice. So be patient; KIND, and COMPLETE.
 
When you are dialoguing with a non-Catholic Christian and you want to argue for the truth of Catholicism (as opposed to Mere Christianity), what verse(s) do you like to begin with, and how do you build your argument?
How about the Bread of Life Discourse. John 6:25-71.
 
":
RosaryFan, post:23, topic:231468"]
How about the Bread of Life Discourse. John 6:25-71.
That is One of MOST favorite parts in the Bible; however, to the unchurched; or transfueres from other Faiths; it MAY BE??? To sublime and sutle for a beganing dialog.

God Bless,
Pat
 
When you are dialoguing with a non-Catholic Christian and you want to argue for the truth of Catholicism (as opposed to Mere Christianity), what verse(s) do you like to begin with, and how do you build your argument?
I like to begin with Sola Scriptura, the absolutely man-made, biblically unsupported doctrine that claims Scripture alone is the final and single infallible authority on faith and morals.

This tradition of men has no support in the Bible. In fact, the Bible contradicts it in its countless passages commanding Christians to accept Apostolic Tradition and affirming it as the “Word of God” and “Word of Truth” that all Christians must accept.

scripturecatholic.com/oral_tradition.html

While conversing with people about Sola Scriptura, I like to dialogue with them about the canon of the Scripture, which is based solely on the authority of the Apostolic Tradition and the Magesterium. If there’s no infallible canon, the entire infallibility of the Bible rests on human uncertainty.

I also like to bring up the Early Church documents and councils about the canon.

I’m a former Protestant. These points were key to my own conversion.
 
That is One of MOST favorite parts in the Bible; however, to the unchurched; or transfueres from other Faiths; it MAY BE??? To sublime and sutle for a beganing dialog.

God Bless,
Pat
Agreed. But once you understand the literalness (is that even a word?) of Jesus in this passage, BOY OH BOY, is it ever obvious!!
 
I like to begin with Sola Scriptura, the absolutely man-made, biblically unsupported doctrine that claims Scripture alone is the final and single infallible authority on faith and morals.
Unfortunately, in order to do this you are going to need to convince the other person that the Catholic Church is the final authority and is indefectible and not simply because it claims to be. The Bible claims to be God’s word and has fulfilled prophecies to back up its claim. It is therefore easy enough to believe in its authority and infallibility for a Christian. It is a bit harder to swallow the claims of the Catholic Church since they are based solely on the arrogations and “traditions of men.” Even the biblical references offered in support of this claim are predicated upon the eisegetical interpretation of the Catholic Church.
This tradition of men has no support in the Bible. In fact, the Bible contradicts it in its countless passages commanding Christians to accept Apostolic Tradition and affirming it as the “Word of God” and “Word of Truth” that all Christians must accept.
Unfortunately, in order to substantiate this claim you must prove that these so-called oral traditions that have supposedly been preserved by the Catholic Church do not simply amount to hearsay. We have confidence in the written word because it has been excellently preserved. There is no way to definitively determine the same for this oral tradition.
While conversing with people about Sola Scriptura, I like to dialogue with them about the canon of the Scripture, which is based solely on the authority of the Apostolic Tradition and the Magesterium. If there’s no infallible canon, the entire infallibility of the Bible rests on human uncertainty.
Talk about arrogation!!! The word of God is based solely on the authority of men? This is a joke, right? If God could speak and move men to write, apart from any hierarchy, then He can define and preserve the same without (or in spite of, as the case may be), that same hierarchy. Just because a church council agreed upon something that was generally already evident does not make that council or its organizational offspring henceforth and forevermore indefectible. It is quite a leap from one to the other. It is the same as saying that since the Jewish religious leaders correctly identified and preserved the Torah they were therefore indefectible. I think Jesus showed us otherwise. These giant leaps in logic must make the life of the Catholic apologist very difficult (unless, of course, he is preaching to the choir).
 
When you are dialoguing with a non-Catholic Christian and you want to argue for the truth of Catholicism (as opposed to Mere Christianity), what verse(s) do you like to begin with, and how do you build your argument?
My friend, you are presented with a most difficult predicament indeed. The Catholic Church tells you, after all, that it does not need the Bible to substantiate its claims because much of what they teach comes only from tradition (a very nebulous idea if ever there was one). Therefore, if you wish to base your dialogue on Scripture, you are at a disadvantage right from the start. Moreover, the Scriptural support that is provided by the Catholic Church itself depends upon an interpretation that is not at all obvious from the plain meaning of the text. In other words, it will be necessary for you to convince the person you are talking to, to accept the Catholic Church’s interpretation and ignore any and all inconsistencies brought about by that interpretation.
 
Solus Christus:
in order to do this you are going to need to convince the other person that the Catholic Church is the final authority and is indefectible and not simply because it claims to be. The Bible claims to be God’s word and has fulfilled prophecies to back up its claim. It is therefore easy enough to believe in its authority and infallibility for a Christian. It is a bit harder to swallow the claims of the Catholic Church since they are based solely on the arrogations and “traditions of men.” Even the biblical references offered in support of this claim are predicated upon the eisegetical interpretation of the Catholic Church.
My dear frind in Christ,

Am I alone in thinking you have contradicted the value of and merit of the bible [meaning of course the ENTIRE Bible] is and has to be true in order to be of any real value?

You claim the “bible is true based on fulfilled prophisies” and then state that the "bible verses selected by the CC; but uses “eisegetical interpretation.”

**2ND. Peter 1:16-21 ** “For we did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty. For when he received honor and glory from God the Father and the voice was borne to him by the Majestic Glory, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased,” we heard this voice borne from heaven, for we were with him on the holy mountain. And we have the prophetic word made more sure. You will do well to pay attention to this as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts. First of all you must understand this, that no prophecy of scripture is a matter of one’s own interpretation, because no prophecy ever came by the impulse of man, but men moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.

2nd. Peter 3: 16 ** “speaking of this as he does in all his letters*. There are some things in them hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other scriptures.*** How many Thousands of diferent understandings through seperate churches are there today?]

**John 14: 16-17 ** "And I [Jesus] will pray the Father, and he will give you another Counselor, to be with you for ever, even the Spirit of truth",

John 17:14-19 “I [Jesus] have given them thy word; and the world has hated them because they are not of the world, even as I am not of the world, but that thou shouldst keep them from the evil one. They are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. Sanctify them in the truth; thy word is truth. 18 And for their sake I [Jesus] consecrate myself, that they also may be consecrated in truth.”**

friend because the CC was the ONLY church in existence when these words were spoken and later pened; they MUST be addressed to the CC. Logic and history affirm this.
Talk about arrogation!!! The word of God is based solely on the authority of men? This is a joke, right?
Let’s ROLE-PLAY…

Your God; you are determined to make a New Covenant in your Blood, and this Covenant is to be taught, shared and lived by everyone for all time.**1st.Cor. 11: 23-29] **Being God [all-kmowing], your aware that soon you will be fulfilling a primary reason for your Visitaton; namely dieing so that humanity will be "redeemed’. Then die, rise from the dead and return home. So you deterime it is best if you leave someone in charge, and instruct this person to UNDER YOUR SUPERVISION, to write a “Training Manual” for future generations.**Matt.16:15-19] **Further you give this person all of the authority, [Matt. 16:19] gifts and talents needed to complete the Mission. **Matt 28:19-20]. **Because of the PROFOUND nature of the TM, you permit ONLY the person [representing the CC] to be able to correctly understand and share your teachings. After all you spent years training them for this very task.

Because of the vital importance of correct understanding you COMMIT the Holy Spirit to be “ever-present” in guiding this new Faith, **[Jn.14:16-17] **new church teachings on Faith and Morals… And you even commit yourself as warranty of it’s truths on ALL MATTERS relating to Faith and Morlas. [John 17:15-19].

Does it not seem logical that God would insure the fututre truth of His Life, His Teachings, and the One new Faith he started? And permit only those that He choose, for this task to be able to fulfill it? **John.15: 16 **“You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide; so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you. Help me out here friend; where is the Arrogance in this thought?”

As to Oral Traditions: The OT is based entirely on them. The New Chruch, Faith and Covenent of Christ relied on them and those in the making until hundreds of years after Christ death.

The Bible was not completely written until the end of the First Century. It was not in a collected book form until LONG after that, and was not codified until early in the Forth Century. YET the CC grew and flourished. Without the Bible as we know it.

Keep in mind the ENTIRE NT is authored by men known today to be CATHOLICS. So are they not to be the ones to correctly translate it?

2Tim.3 Verses 16 to 17: All scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work."

**Friend if as you suggest this is included only to make the CC look authorative… then of what value, of what merit is the Bible? ** Eiter it is TRUE in total; or its not true at all!

May God Bless and guide you,
 
How many Thousands of diferent understandings through seperate churches are there today?
Good point! On the essentials, none. All of the churches that truly subscribe to the idea of Sola Sciptura are in agreement on the content of the gospel message. As we like to say, “Unity on the Essentials, Liberty on the Non-essentials, Charity in All Things.”
friend because the CC was the ONLY church in existence when these words were spoken and later pened; they MUST be addressed to the CC. Logic and history affirm this.
Actually, it was the Christian Church, not the Roman Catholic Church. The Roman Catholic Church only became a distinct entity when it split from the Eastern Church. You make such boastful declarations. Please, show how logic and history affirm that these words pertain to, and only to, what would someday become the Roman Catholic Church. How do we know, for example, they do not merely pertain to all who believe on Christ?
Let’s ROLE-PLAY…
Interesting scenario…Okay, I’ll role play with you. Well, if I were God and the RCC as it exists today was my master plan, I’ll tell you exactly what I would do: First, I’d tell Paul to make sure and include the title “Pope” in at least one of his lists of church offices (Ephesians 4:11, 1 Corinthians 12:28). Next, when Paul was giving his litany of spiritual gifts (Romans 12:6ff, 1 Corinthians 12:8ff, etc.), I would make sure he included “infallibility” for the role of Pope. Next, I would not wait until after the Protestant Reformation (some 1500 years later) to make this whole deal a settled matter, and I definitely would have made the vote unanimous and it would have happened on the first vote. And whatever else happened, I certainly would have prevented the Western Schism from taking place, because it just looks bad when there are three popes at the same time (selected by the same group of men, no less). Wouldn’t it seem logical for God to do these things?
As to Oral Traditions: The OT is based entirely on them. The New Chruch, Faith and Covenent of Christ relied on them and those in the making until hundreds of years after Christ death.
I guess those were “oral scrolls” Hilkiah found and gave to King Josiah (2 Kings 22)? Sorry, not buying it.
 
My friend, you are presented with a most difficult predicament indeed. The Catholic Church tells you, after all, that it does not need the Bible to substantiate its claims because much of what they teach comes only from tradition (a very nebulous idea if ever there was one). Therefore, if you wish to base your dialogue on Scripture, you are at a disadvantage right from the start. Moreover, the Scriptural support that is provided by the Catholic Church itself depends upon an interpretation that is not at all obvious from the plain meaning of the text. In other words, it will be necessary for you to convince the person you are talking to, to accept the Catholic Church’s interpretation and ignore any and all inconsistencies brought about by that interpretation.
Plain meaning??? You mean of such verses as:

“You are Peter Kepha], and upon this kepha] I will build my church”, or
“Whatever sins you forgive are forgiven”, or
“This is my body…this is the cup of my blood”?

I think the plain meaning of those texts is obvious enough, and I need go through no theological gymnastics to explain away them way.

To the contrary, I believe the Catholic suffers from an embarrasment of riches with regard to the scriptural support for its doctrines.

The REAL challenge comes when trying to open the eyes of those who have been blinded by the TRUE “traditions of Protestant men” - sola scriptura and sola fide. Perhaps you might begin by finding just one verse which teaches that the Bible Alone is the sole rule of faith for the believer (it’s been attempted by the best of Protestant apologists without success).

As for any supposed “inconsistencies”, well, I encourage you to initiate some threads of your own - and please, only ONE topic per thread.

Thanks. :tiphat:
 
Good point! On the essentials, none. All of the churches that truly subscribe to the idea of Sola Sciptura are in agreement on the content of the gospel message. As we like to say, “Unity on the Essentials, Liberty on the Non-essentials, Charity in All Things.”
Gee, who gets to decide which doctrines are essential and which are optional?

For example, the Bible says “Whoever believes AND is baptized will be saved.” So, is baptism essential or optional? The Methodist says baptism is essential; the Baptist says that it is optional. Both study to shew themselves approved workmen, of course.

Is doctrine important? Or are conflicting and contradictory doctrines acceptable within the Body of Christ?
 
Actually, it was the Christian Church, not the Roman Catholic Church. The Roman Catholic Church only became a distinct entity when it split from the Eastern Church. You make such boastful declarations.
Uh, no…PJM’s statements were based upon KNOWLEDGE…in this case, the knowledge that the early Christian Church was already calling itself the “Catholic Church” as early as the end of the FIRST century.

The early Church - the Church founded by Christ as promised in Matthew 16:18 - was that which was originally known as the Way (cf. Acts 24:14). Later, those who followed Christ began to be called Christians beginning at Antioch (cf. Acts 11:26).

As early as 107 A.D., that same group was referred to as the “Catholic Church”. In a letter to the Church of Smyrna, Ignatius of Antioch wrote, “You must all follow the bishop as Jesus Christ follows the Father, and the presbytery as you would the Apostles. Let no one do anything of concern to the Church without the bishop. Wherever the bishop appears, let the people be there; just as wherever Jesus Christ is, there is the Catholic Church.” (Letter to the Smyrnaeans, A.D. 107, [8,1])

Notice that Ignatius does not introduce the term “Catholic Church”; instead he uses it in a manner suggesting that the name was already in use and familiar to his audience. This further suggests that the name, Catholic Church, had to have been coined much earlier in order to have achieved wide circulation by the time of this writing. That means that the Christian assembly was probably calling itself the Catholic Church during the lifetime of the last Apostle, John, who died near the end of the first century.

The Catholic Church began with Peter and the Apostles and continued without interruption or cessation through their disciples (Ignatius, Irenaeus, Polycarp, Clement, Justin Martyr, etc.) down to the present day.

As a side note, it is interesting that the believers in Antioch coined both terms still in use today: “Christian” and “Catholic Church”.
 
“You are Peter Kepha], and upon this kepha] I will build my church”
If you want to force the Catholic interpretation of this passage you will need to account for the difference in the Greek words used for stone and rock. If you want to arrive at the significance placed on this passage by the Catholic Church then you will need to pile on an extra helping of tradition (read eisegesis).
“This is my body…this is the cup of my blood”?
Here is a good example of an inconsistency. If you insist on the Catholic interpretation and the Mass is therefore a “true sacrifice,” then it becomes necessary to explain why Christ’s sacrifice is described as “once for all time” in the book of Hebrews (for example chapter 10 verse 14 “For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.”)
 
Interesting scenario…Okay, I’ll role play with you. Well, if I were God and the RCC as it exists today was my master plan, I’ll tell you exactly what I would do: First, I’d tell Paul to make sure and include the title “Pope” in at least one of his lists of church offices (Ephesians 4:11, 1 Corinthians 12:28).
The word, “pope” is simply a derviation of the word, “papa” or “father”, and I think there is ample evidence that Paul did use such terminology.

1 Corinthians 4:14-15
14I am not writing this to shame you, but to warn you, as my dear children. 15Even though you have ten thousand guardians in Christ, you do not have many fathers (Gr. pateras), for in Christ Jesus I became your father through the gospel.
Next, when Paul was giving his litany of spiritual gifts (Romans 12:6ff, 1 Corinthians 12:8ff, etc.), I would make sure he included “infallibility” for the role of Pope.
Is that an exhaustive list of the spiritual gifts? Is your opinion about that infallible? But all kidding aside, Jesus had already made the matter of Peter’s infallibility clear:

Matthew 16:18
And I tell you that you are Peter (Kepha), and on this rock kepha] I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.

Q: If Jesus promised to build his own church and that Church ever fell into doctrinal error, would this mean that a) Jesus was a liar, b) Jesus did not have the power to protect his own church, or c) Jesus was incompetent as a church builder?
Next, I would not wait until after the Protestant Reformation (some 1500 years later) to make this whole deal a settled matter, and I definitely would have made the vote unanimous and it would have happened on the first vote. And whatever else happened, I certainly would have prevented the Western Schism from taking place, because it just looks bad when there are three popes at the same time (selected by the same group of men, no less).
There was never more than one pope. At the time you reference, there was ONE legitimate pope and two claimants.

Hope that helps. :tiphat:
 
If you want to force the Catholic interpretation of this passage you will need to account for the difference in the Greek words used for stone and rock. If you want to arrive at the significance placed on this passage by the Catholic Church then you will need to pile on an extra helping of tradition (read eisegesis).
Let me give you PROTESTANT scholars on this matter, okay? It will make the bitterness of the pill easier for you to swallow.

Protestant Scholars Agree: Peter is the Rock

Here are five of the more than two dozen quotes I have from heavyweight Protestant scholars regarding the identity of “the rock” in Matthew 16:18.

W.F. Albright and C.S. Mann

“[Peter] is not a name, but an appellation and a play on words. There is no evidence of Peter or Kephas as a name before Christian times….Peter as Rock will be the foundation of the future community. Jesus, not quoting the Old Testament, here uses Aramaic, not Hebrew, and so uses the only Aramaic word that would serve his purpose. In view of the background of v. 19…**one must dismiss as confessional interpretation any attempt to see this rock as meaning the faith, or the messianic confession, of Peter. **“To deny the pre-eminent position of Peter,” Albright says, “among the disciples or in the early Christian community is a denial of the evidence. The interest in Peter’s failures and vacillations does not detract from this pre-eminence, rather it emphasizes it. Had Peter been a lesser figure, his behavior would have been of far less consequence. Precisely because Peter is pre-eminent and is the foundation stone of the Church that his mistakes are in a sense so important, but his mistakes never correspond to his teachings as the Prince of the Apostles.” (The Anchor Bible; Matthew [Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Co., 1971], 195)

Peter as the Rock will be the foundation of the future community, the church. Jesus here uses Aramaic and so only the Aramaic word which would serve His purpose. In view of the background in verse 19, one must dismiss as confessional interpretation any attempt to see this rock as the faith or the confession of Peter. (Ibid.)

Donald A. Carson (Baptist)

“On the basis of the distinction between ‘petros’ . . . and ‘petra’ . . . , many have attempted to avoid identifying Peter as the rock on which Jesus builds his church. Peter is a mere ‘stone,’ it is alleged; but Jesus himself is the ‘rock’ . . . Others adopt some other distinction . . . Yet if it were not for Protestant reactions against extremes of Roman Catholic interpretation, it is doubtful whether many would have taken ‘rock’ to be anything or anyone other than Peter . . . The Greek makes the distinction between ‘petros’ and ‘petra’ simply because it is trying to preserve the pun, and in Greek the feminine ‘petra’ could not very well serve as a masculine name . . . Had Matthew wanted to say no more than that Peter was a stone in contrast with Jesus the Rock, the more common word would have been ‘lithos’ (‘stone’ of almost any size). Then there would have been no pun - and that is just the point! . . . In this passage Jesus is the builder of the church and it would be a strange mixture of metaphors that also sees him within the same clauses as its foundation . . .” (Expositor’s Bible Commentary, [Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1984], vol. 8: Matthew, Mark, Luke (Matthew: D.A. Carson), 368)

Oscar Cullman (Protestant Scholar)

“But what does Jesus mean when He says: ‘On this rock I will build my church’? The idea of the Reformers that He is referring to the faith of Peter is quite inconceivable in vew of the probably different setting of the story. For there is no reference here to the faith of Peter. Rather, the parallelism of ‘thou art rock’ and ‘on this rock I will build’ shows that the second rock can only be the same as the first. It is thus evident that Jesus is referring to Peter, to whom he has given the name Rock. He appoints Peter, the impulsive, enthusiastic, but not persevering man in the circle, to be the foundation of His ecclesia [church]. To this extent Roman Catholic exegesis is right and all Protestant attempts to evade this interpretation are to be rejected.” (Oscar Cullman, Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, (ed. Gerhard Kittel and Gerhard Friedrich), [Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1968], 6:108).

Donald Hagner (Contemporary Evangelical)

"The frequent attempts that have been made, largely in the past, to deny [that Peter is the rock] in favor of the view that the confession itself is the rock . . . seem to be largely motivated by Protestant prejudice against a passage that is used by the Roman Catholics to justify the papacy" (Word Biblical Commentary 33b:470).

David Hill (Presbyterian)

“It is on Peter himself, the confessor of his Messiahship, that Jesus will build the Church…Attempts to interpret the ‘rock’ as something other than Peter in person (e.g., his faith, the truth revealed to him) are due to Protestant bias, and introduce to the statement a degree of subtlety which is highly unlikely.” (The Gospel of Matthew, New Century Bible Commentary [Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1972], 261)
 
Here is a good example of an inconsistency. If you insist on the Catholic interpretation and the Mass is therefore a “true sacrifice,” then it becomes necessary to explain why Christ’s sacrifice is described as “once for all time” in the book of Hebrews (for example chapter 10 verse 14 “For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.”)
Not a problem as there is no inconsistency. I’ll provide a lengthy explanation in full because this is an important topic.

"Once For All"
By Mark Brumley
catholic.com/thisrock/1990/9006chap.asp

The letter to the Hebrews is often said to disprove the sacrificial nature of the Mass. For example, Hebrews 7:26-27 says, “For it was fitting that we should have a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled, separated from sinners and exalted above the heavens; who does not need daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people, because this he did once for all when he offered up himself.”

Notice Jesus offered his sacrifice “once for all.” It’s this “once for all” aspect of Christ’s sacrifice, mentioned repeatedly in Hebrews, which supposedly refutes the sacrifice of the Mass.

“After all,” ask opponents of the Mass, “if Christ has offered the perfect sacrifice for sins before God, why do we need another sacrifice in the Mass to receive the forgiveness of sins?”

If Catholics believed the Mass were a sacrifice in the sense implied by this question, there would be something to the objection. But this isn’t how the Catholic Church sees the sacrifice of the Mass.

The Mass has always been held to be a relative sacrifice–relative to the sacrifice of the Cross, not independent of it. The Council of Trent says the Mass is the means “whereby that bloody sacrifice once to be accomplished on the Cross might be represented, the memory thereof remain even to the end of the world, and its salutary effects applied to the remission of those sins which we daily commit” (Session 22, chapter 1).

Trent continues by saying, “And inasmuch as in this divine sacrifice which is celebrated in the Mass is contained and immolated in an unbloody manner the same Christ who once offered himself in a bloody manner on the altar of the cross, the holy council teaches that this is truly propitiatory…For the victim is one and the same, the same now offering by the ministry of priests who then offered himself on the Cross, the manner alone of offering being different” (Session 22, chapter 2).

Frank Sheed summarizes Catholic teaching on the point in Theology and Sanity:

“There is no new slaying of Christ in the Mass…Yet that it is the Christ who was slain upon Calvary is shown sacramentally by the separate consecration of bread to become His body and wine to become His blood. The essence of the Mass is that Christ is making an offering to the Father of Himself, who was slain for us upon Calvary. The Mass is Calvary, as Christ now offers it to His Father.”

Hebrews teaches the atoning death of Christ was effective for the remission of sins and hence needed to be offer only once. But this speaks of what theologians call the “objective redemption.” It doesn’t mean that, since Jesus died for everyone, everyone will get to heaven. (That’s universalism.) The merits or the fruits of Christ’s death need to be applied to the individual.

When Catholic theologians talk about the Mass being a propitiatory sacrifice for the remission of sins, they mean, among other things, that the objective redemption which Christ’s sacrifice on the Cross merited is subjectively applied to the individual through the sacrifice of the Mass.

Christ’s sacrifice objectively merited redemption on the Cross. The same sacrifice of Christ, now offered sacramentally, not physically, is applied to the individual in the Eucharist.

(cont.)
 
Far from substituting for the Cross or to make up for something that’s lacking in Christ’s sacrifice, the Mass is a means by which we receive the benefits of the Atonement.

Granted this is what the Catholic Church teaches about the Mass, and granted it doesn’t mean Jesus is killed again by the priest, people still ask, “Doesn’t Hebrews 7-11 contradict even a sacramental sacrifice when it says Christ offered one sacrifice?”

No. Remember, the sacrifice of the Mass is the sacrifice of the Cross, only presented in a different manner. The aspect of redemption which involved his death is finished, but Christ lives forever to offer, by his very presence in the Mass, his work on the Cross for our sins to the Father in heaven. In no way does this diminish Calvary.

Read Hebrews 9:11-12: “When Christ came as high priest of the good things that have come to be, passing through the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made by hands…he entered once for all into the sanctuary, not with the blood of goats and calves but with his own blood, thus obtaining eternal redemption.”

What does this means? In the Old Testament, atonement for the sins of the people was obtained once a year on the Day of Atonement when the high priest entered the holy of holies to offer sacrifices. Hebrews contrasts this with Christ who, as victim and high priest, offered the perfect sacrifice, once for all, on the Cross and who presented himself, as both victim and priest, in the true tabernacle, which is heaven itself, the dwelling place of God (Heb. 8:2-3; 9:11-12, 24).

Christ IS “always able to save those who approach God through him, since he lives forever to make intercession for them” (Heb. 7:25). What is the basis of this intercession? The sacrifice of the Cross (Heb. 7:27; 9:12; 10:14), which is forever present before God in the heavenly tabernacle because he who was both offered as victim and who offered the sacrifice as priest “appears before God on our behalf” (Heb. 9:24).

Christ’s perfect offering of himself present in heaven (Heb. 9:11-12) is brought to earth in an unbloody, sacramental manner in the Mass. As Frank Sheed puts it, “The Mass is the breaking through to earth of the offering of Himself that Christ makes continuously in heaven simply by His presence there.”

Some people will still object that the Mass is actually the reverse of the Cross. On the Cross Christ offered himself for us: We didn’t offer anything. In the Mass, on the other hand, we do the offering.

In a sense, this is true. We weren’t physically or personally at Calvary. Still, there’s a sense in which we were present–present in our high priest, Jesus, who offered the sacrifice of himself for us.

In the Old Testament the high priest, in offering sacrifice for Israel, represented the people before God. In other words, the people offered their sacrifice through the high priest. Christ was our high priest, as well as our sacrifice, on Calvary. We offered the perfect sacrifice (Christ) for sins to the Father through him.

Similarly, in the Mass Christ offers himself to the Father on our behalf, and we, his people, join ourselves sacramentally to his offering. The Mass is a way of approaching God through Christ’s sacrifice, which is made present sacramentally because Christ himself is present.

Nothing in this diminishes Calvary or implies we can approach God other than through the Cross. Rather than taking away from the Cross, the Mass emphasizes it.
 
If you want to force the Catholic interpretation of this passage you will need to account for the difference in the Greek words used for stone and rock. If you want to arrive at the significance placed on this passage by the Catholic Church then you will need to pile on an extra helping of tradition (read eisegesis).
You’re viewing the world through “Protestant-colored” glasses.

Petros** and Petra–Much Ado About Nothing**

Opponents of the Catholic interpretation of Matthew 16:18 sometimes argue that in the Greek text the name of the apostle is Petros, while “rock” is rendered as petra. They claim that the former refers to a small stone, while the latter refers to a massive rock; so, if Peter was meant to be the massive rock, why isn’t his name Petra?

Note that Christ did not speak to the disciples in Greek. He spoke Aramaic, the common language of Palestine at that time. In that language the word for rock is kepha, which is what Jesus called him in everyday speech (note that in John 1:42 he was told, “You will be called Cephas”). What Jesus said in Matthew 16:18 was: “You are Kepha, and upon this kepha I will build my Church.”

When Matthew’s Gospel was translated from the original Aramaic to Greek, there arose a problem which did not confront the evangelist when he first composed his account of Christ’s life. In Aramaic the word kepha has the same ending whether it refers to a rock or is used as a man’s name. In Greek, though, the word for rock, petra, is feminine in gender. The translator could use it for the second appearance of kepha in the sentence, but not for the first because it would be inappropriate to give a man a feminine name. So he put a masculine ending on it, and hence Peter became Petros.

Furthermore, the premise of the argument against Peter being the rock is simply false. In first century Greek the words petros and petra were synonyms. They had previously possessed the meanings of “small stone” and “large rock” in some early Greek poetry, but by the first century this distinction was gone, as Protestant Bible scholars admit (see D. A. Carson’s remarks on this passage in the Expositor’s Bible Commentary, [Grand Rapids: Zondervan Books]).

Some of the effect of Christ’s play on words was lost when his statement was translated from the Aramaic into Greek, but that was the best that could be done in Greek. In English, like Aramaic, there is no problem with endings; so an English rendition could read: “You are Rock, and upon this rock I will build my church.”

Consider another point: If the rock really did refer to Christ (as some claim, based on 1 Cor. 10:4, “and the Rock was Christ” though the rock there was a literal, physical rock), why did Matthew leave the passage as it was? In the original Aramaic, and in the English which is a closer parallel to it than is the Greek, the passage is clear enough. Matthew must have realized that his readers would conclude the obvious from “Rock . . . rock.”

If he meant Christ to be understood as the rock, why didn’t he say so? Why did he take a chance and leave it up to Paul to write a clarifying text? This presumes, of course, that 1 Corinthians was written after Matthew’s Gospel; if it came first, it could not have been written to clarify it.

The reason, of course, is that Matthew knew full well that what the sentence seemed to say was just what it really was saying. It was Simon, weak as he was, who was chosen to become the rock and thus the first link in the chain of the papacy.
 
When you are dialoguing with a non-Catholic Christian and you want to argue for the truth of Catholicism (as opposed to Mere Christianity), what verse(s) do you like to begin with, and how do you build your argument?
I don’t initiate these kinds of conversations at all, but when offered the opportunity, I do provide a reasonable defense of whatever the topic at hand may be; for example, someone might ask me why I go to Confession, and I give a very simple explanation of that where I talk about the benefit of hearing the words of the Absolution with my human ears, or someone might ask about the Saints, and I have quite a long-winded speech that I do about the Saints, discussing how they are role models for us, and how they are given the grace to help us in various different ways - or they might ask why we don’t allow non-Catholics to receive Holy Communion, and I mention that, since Martin Luther and the early Protestants broke away from the Church for the specific purpose of not being under the Church’s authority any more, this is the reason that, even until now, Catholic priests have no authority to give Holy Communion, or indeed any Sacrament, to non-Catholic Christians - even if they desire it - except under very exceptional circumstances.
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top