As mentioned in an earlier post, some people choose to receive the Eucharist only under the form of bread for reasons that include not only habit, personal devotion, and sacramental theology, but also obedience. We all accept that the Church has the right and the responsibility to determine the time, place, and other conditions governing the administration and reception of the sacraments. The number of times we may receive in a day, the required fast, limiting reception to baptized persons who are not conscious of unabsolved mortal sin – these are all examples of requirements the Church has the right to prescribe and her children have the duty to obey. We know, too, that she takes this responsibility seriously. We are reminded, for example, in INAESTIMABLE DONUM that:
“The faithful have a right to a true Liturgy… Undue experimentation, changes and creativity bewilder the faithful.”
From the time of the Second Vatican Council it was understood that the privilege of receiving Communion under both kinds was not to be considered an “always and everywhere” dispensation, but rather was appropriate in certain well-defined situations. Thus *INAESTIMABLE DONUM *also instructs that:
“12. With regard to Communion under both kinds, the norms laid down by the Church must be observed,… Episcopal conferences and ordinaries also are not to go beyond what is laid down in the present discipline: the granting of permission for Communion under both kinds is not to be indiscriminate, and the celebrations in question are to be specified precisely; the groups that use this faculty are to be clearly defined, well disciplined, and homogeneous.”(Emphasis added)
Numerous other references clearly indicate that this practice is not to be routine or ordinary. Two of these are provided here (emphases added):
GIRM (85) "It is most desirable that the faithful … may receive the Lord’s body from hosts consecrated at the same Mass and that, in the instances when it is permitted, they share in the chalice. … "
*REDEMPTIONIS SACRAMENTUM *(100) “So that the fullness of the sign may be made more clearly evident to the faithful in the course of the Eucharistic banquet, lay members of Christ’s faithful, too, are admitted to Communion under both kinds, **in the cases set forth in the liturgical books **…”
It seems obvious, then, that this privilege is appropriately extended only in certain circumstances. What are they? The GIRM provides the answer:
283 “Communion under both kinds may be permitted for the following reasons, in addition to those given in the ritual books:
a) for priests who are not able to celebrate or concelebrate;
b) for the deacon and others who perform some role at Mass;
c) for community members at their conventual Mass or what in some places is known as the “community” Mass, …
In addition, there are specific instructions for situations in which Communion under both forms should not be offered. These are found in REDEMPTIONIS SACRAMENTUM:
102. The chalice should not be ministered to lay members of Christ’s faithful where there is such a large number of communicants that it is difficult to gauge the amount of wine for the Eucharist and there is a danger that “more than a reasonable quantity of the Blood of Christ remain to be consumed at the end of the celebration”. The same is true wherever access to the chalice would be difficult to arrange, or where such a large amount of wine would be required that its certain provenance and quality could only be known with difficulty, or wherever there is not an adequate number of sacred ministers or extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion with proper formation, or where a notable part of the people continues to prefer not to approach the chalice for various reasons, …”
Further, the U. S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, in its NORMS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION AND RECEPTION OF COMMUNION UNDER BOTH KINDS, includes the following additional guidance:
“In practice, the need to avoid obscuring the role of the priest and the deacon as the ordinary ministers of Holy Communion by an excessive use of extraordinary minister might in some circumstances constitute a reason either for limiting the distribution of Holy Communion under both species or for using intinction instead of distributing the Precious Blood from the chalice.”
Given the above instructional information, consider the case of an individual whose parish offers Communion under both forms at every Mass, using numerous Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion each time, even though a significant number of people do not receive under both forms. In such a case, the individual may choose to obey the will of the Church rather than to follow the errant local practice.