3)Abul Qassim Al-Zahrawi ‘Albucasis’
He is best known for his breakthroughs In surgery as well as for his famous Medical Encyclopedia called Al-Tsrif- thirty volumes covering different aspects of medical science .This contained three books on surgery , which describe in detail various surgical procedures including cauterization ,amputation in the cases of gangrene and cancer ,lithotomy , craniotomy ,removal of stones from the bladder , dissection ,midwifery , and surgery of the eye ,ear and throat . He perfected several delicates operations, including amputation, and instrumental delivery of foetus in childbirth.
Al-Tasrif was first translated by Gherado de Cremona into Latin in the Middle ages. The book contains around one hundred diagrams and illustrations of surgical instruments, in use or developed by him, and comprised a part of medical curriculum in European countries for many countries.
Al-Zahrawi was also a dental expert and his book contains sketches of various instruments used .in addition to a description of various dental operations .He discussed how to rectify non-aligned teeth, and how to prepare artificial teeth to replace them.