While elements of the Tridentine liturgy were in place by the 600’s or so, and continued to develop, the TLM unquestionably does not go back to the time of Christ, and in the complete form in which we recognize it only goes back to Trent–thus its name. Some of the prayers of the liturgy go back to the beginning, but certainly not in the form in which “mass” later came to be celebrated.
As to the Latin, the reason the liturgical language became Latin was because by the late 300’s there were very few left in the Roman church who still spoke the Greek that had been the language of the empire. The liturgical language was changed to Latin over the next 100 years or so, which was the vernacular of that time, simply so people would be able to understand what was being said. That is what is so ironic about the stance of people being opposed now to the Mass being in the vernacular.
Peace,
Council of Trent XII
On the reason of the Institution of this most holy Sacrament.
Wherefore, our Saviour, when about to depart out of this world to the Father, instituted this Sacrament, in which He poured forth as it were the riches of His divine love towards man, making a remembrance of his wonderful works; and He commanded us, in the participation thereof, to venerate His memory, and to show forth his death until He come to judge the world. **And He would also that this sacrement should be received{/B} as the spiritual food of souls, whereby may be fed and strengthened those who live with His life who said, He that eateth me, the same also shall live by me; and as an antidote, whereby we may be freed from daily faults, and be preserved from mortal sins
whereas in the Eucharist, before being used, there is the Author Himself of sanctity. For the apostles had not as yet received the Eucharist from the hand of the Lord, when nevertheless Himself affirmed with truth that to be His own body which He presented (to them). And this faith has ever been in the Church of God, that, immediately after the consecration, the veritable Body of our Lord, and His veritable Blood, together with His soul and divinity, are under the species of bread and wine; but the Body indeed under the species of bread, and the Blood under the species of wine, by the force of the words; but the body itself under the species of wine, and the blood under the species of bread, and the soul under both, by the force of that natural connexion and concomitancy whereby the parts of Christ our Lord, who hath now risen from the dead, to die no more, are united together; and the divinity, furthermore, on account of the admirable hypostatical union thereof with His body and soul. Wherefore it is most true, that as much is contained under either species as under both; for Christ whole and entire is under the species of bread, and under any part whatsoever of that species; likewise the whole (Christ) is under the species of wine, and under the parts thereof.
Wherefore, there is no room left for doubt, that all the faithful of Christ may, according to the custom ever received in the Catholic Church, render in veneration the worship of latria, which is due to the true God, to this most holy sacrament. For not therefore is it the less to be adored on this account,
that it was instituted by Christ, the Lord, in order to be received:**
When you made this statement