Looking to the past, I think there’s good reason to doubt a Catholic theocracy.
First, let me admit that I’m a believer in the phrase, “absolute power corrupts absolutely.”
Second, let me list a few places in history where we had close to a Catholic theocracy, and where they seem not to do things that really supported what I see as Catholic values.
(1) The Papal States. Pope Alexander VI who held temporal power as head of the Papal States. He fathered an illegitimate son and daughter, the former of which, Caesare Borgia, went on to become the template for Niccolo Macchiaveli’s The Prince. Anyone reading that finely-written book would see that the Borgias sought power based on force and fear, and not religious principles.
(2) Spain under Franco. Generalissimo Francisco Franco was a dedicated Catholic to whom much religious authority was given. In 1941, the
Vatican gave Franco the final call on who would fill vacant bishoprics in Spain. Franco was, by any objective account, responsible for thousands of extralegal killings, both within his rebellion against the democratically-elected government which he superseded and after he won control of the country. Under the banner of his Catholic faith, he committed crimes which even today make the heart fear. Guernica’s bombing by Nazis was by most accounts, his strike at the traditional set of Basque civil society. A “symbolic” strike on a civilian center is hardly an upward thing to do.
(3) Spain under the Reyes Catolicos. Under Fernando and Isabela, Spain fervently prosecuted the Inquisition, questioning the veracity of “converso” and “morisco” faiths, and killing many. While many say that “things were different then,” and that we can never understand the world back then, I have a different view.
Let’s not be so eager to covet power. Though we may start with noble intentions in a spirit of humility, it seems very hard to maintain. That’s probably one of the key messages of the religious J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings.
And let’s not forget, it’s impossible to “make an omelette without breaking a few eggs.” That in itself seems completely at variance with Catholic or deontological ethics.