Like a national guard, or reserves?
Well, both the DC Court of Appeals and SCOTUS examined the issue and rejected it. The prefaratory clause, although it gives an indication of a benefit of the citizens continuing to exercise the RKBA they’d had under British rule benefiting milita service, was not a limitation on the right of THE PEOPLE to keep and bear arms. Both courts went into detail of the significance of using the term the people consistently throughout the constitution. The reasoning is far too detailed and lengthy to go into here, but a link to the DC decision-
dcguncase.com/blog/dc-circuit-decision/
I strongly recommend reading this decision as well as all the other court filings to understand how the court concluded that it is an individual right, not contingent on age or militia service, and for the purposes of self-defense, hunting and opposition to tyranny.
Basically, the court concluded consistent with the Catholic church that out of respect for life and the culture of life, the means to defend oneself and those one is responsible for necesitates access to suitable weapons.
Some excerpts:
The current congressional definition of the “Militia”
accords with original usage: “The militia of the United States
consists of all able-bodied males at least 17 years of age and . . .
under 45 years of age who are, or who have made a declaration
of intention to become, citizens of the United States and of
female citizens of the United States who are members of the
National Guard.” 10 U.S.C. § 311. The statute then
distinguishes between the “organized militia,” which consists of
the National Guard and Naval Militia, and the “unorganized
militia,” which consists of every member of the militia who is
not a member of the National Guard or Naval Militia.
ETA: Just noticed, women are only a part of the militia if they join the National guard. What about those in the active military? Or now that the combat roles have been opened up, would women now be considered part of the militia even whan not a member of the National Guard?
Here’s an excerpt which refers to the militia act of 1792, which the court was using to illustrate the founders understanding of the militia…
Be it enacted . . . [t]hat each and every free able-bodied
white male citizen of the respective states, resident
therein, who is or shall be of the age of eighteen years,
and under the age of forty-five years (except as is
herein after excepted) shall severally and respectively
be enrolled in the militia, by the captain or
12Congress enacted this provision pursuant to its Article I, Section
8 powers over the militia: “The Congress shall have the power . . . [t]o
provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the militia, and for
governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the
United States, reserving to the states respectively, the appointment of
the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the
discipline prescribed by Congress . . . .” U.S. CONST., art. I., sec. 8.
commanding officer of the company, within whose
bounds such citizen shall reside, and that within twelve
months after the passing of this Act. And . . . every
such captain or commanding officer of a company . . .
shall without delay notify such citizen of the said
enrollment . . . . That every citizen, so enrolled and
notified, shall, within six months thereafter, provide
himself with a good musket or firelock, a sufficient
bayonet and belt, two spare flints, and a knapsack, a
pouch, with a box therein, to contain not less than
twenty four cartridges, suited to the bore of his musket
or firelock, each cartridge to contain a proper quantity
of powder and ball: or with a good rifle, knapsack,
shot-pouch, and powder-horn, twenty balls suited to
the bore of his rifle, and a quarter of a pound of
powder; and shall appear so armed, accoutred and
provided, when called out to exercise, or into service
The reader will note that the Act’s first requirement is that
the “free able-bodied white male” population between eighteen
and forty-five enroll in the militia. And enrollment was quite
distinct from the various other regulations prescribed by
Congress, which included the type of weaponry members of the
militia must own. Becoming “enrolled” in the militia appears tomilitia officer—somewhat analogous to our nation’s current
practice of requiring young men to register under the Selective
Service Act. Silveira, 328 F.3d at 578 (Kleinfeld, J.). Thus
when read in light of the second Militia Act, Miller defines the
militia as having only two primary characteristics: It was all
free, white, able-bodied men of a certain age who had given
their names to the local militia officers as eligible for militia
service. Contrary to the District’s view, there was no
organizational condition precedent to the existence of the
“Militia.” Congress went on in the second Militia Act to
prescribe a number of rules for organizing the militia. But the
militia itself was the raw material from which an organized
fighting force was to be created.