The Catechism contains teachings at all three of the levels you discussed and the citations you made about the nature of the Catechism itself are significant, which is why I referenced only Church sources to defend my position. There are other less weighty individuals who say the same thing.
catholicculture.org/commentary/articles.cfm?ID=15
Ender
Sorry, my response is about two pages behind. This is a voluminous post, and my “non-internet” life called me away this weekend.
Oh, I definitely had recognized that the CCC had all three levels of teaching contained within it, but had said what is contained in the CCC is not belonging to the first two levels and infallible simply by virtue of being in the CCC. I guess it just didn’t occur to me, (and I had failed to sufficiently research, apparently) that matters of prudential judgment would be placed in the Catechism. That really does seem inappropriate.
From your article, I thought this was interesting.
It is, I think, unfortunate that this prudential judgement was added to the Catechism. No matter how valuable it may be, the protection of the Holy Spirit does not apply to it, nor can such judgements ever be part of the Church’s Magisterium. The Church has no special gift for discerning the capabilities of the modern age in comparison with past ages, the quality of the world’s penitentiaries, or —to return to the main point—what is necessary for the protection of the public safety. For this reason, her opinions on this subject do not properly belong in catechisms.
I would have to agree with this, which is part of what has nagged me about 2267.
But there is something unresolved for me still. It is one thing to express opinions about modern jails. But it seems quite another thing to
reverse the order of the first two reason for infliction of punishment, including the death penalty. It seems that the Church has long held that the primary reason for punishment, including the death penalty, was redress and expiation, while the next reason in order of priority was protection from future harm. JPII does not seem to contradict that with respect to other penalties, but seems to reverse these two priorities only as to the death penalty – placing the protection from future harm at the top, and not allowing for the death penalty even for redress and expiation unless the person is a future threat.
Frankly, I have a hard time with this:
the traditional teaching of the Church does not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor.
It seems that everything following “if” is simply not consistent with Trent, and 3 Doctors, and 2 recent Popes. The “if” clause should have addressed the traditional purpose of the Church as allowing, and even demanding, the death penalty when necessary to redress the disorder caused by the offense, and expiation, and then, secondly, to defend human lives against the unjust aggressor.
First, would you accept that he has flipped these priorities? It seems that emphasis that bloodless means be used when sufficient, suggests that “sufficient” is completely defined by what is necessary to prevent future harm from that particular offender, rather than evaluate whether the person deserves death.
Second, if this reordering of priorities is just his opinion, how is it that he, even as Pope, was entitled to hold and express an opinion that was at odds with long standing Church teaching that offered redress and expiation as the primary purpose of capital punishment?