S
seraphime2008
Guest
part II
“Another suggestion was made that, Quranic Zul-qarnain was an ancient king of Persia. But there is nothing in our literature to suggest that Zul-qarnain came to any such ignominious end. If it is argued that it was some old prehistoric Persian king who built the iron gates (Quran:18:96) to keep the Gog and magog tribes (Quran:18:94), this is no identification at all. Another suggestion made is that it was some old prehistoric Himyarite king from Yemen, about whom nothing else is known. An identification with a supposed pre-historic king, about whom nothing is known, is no identification at all.”
“The question of Yajuj and majuj (Gog and Magog) and the iron barrier built to keep them out is of some interest. It is practically agreed that they were the wild tribes of Central Asia (Manchus and Mongols) which have made inroads on settled kingdoms and Empires at various stages of the world’s history.”
“ The Barrier in the text must have been more in the nature of iron gates then a iron wall. Two iron gates, geographically far apart, have been suggested in the alternative. Sometimes they have been mixed up by writers not strong in geography. Both of them have local association with the name of Alexander the great. Both are near a town Derbend, and have borne the name of bab-ul-hadid (Arabic word for iron gate). The best known iron gate in modern times is at the town and seaport of derbend in the middle of the western coast of the Caspian Sea. In the early days, when Muslims spread to all parts of the world, local legends were started by ignorant people connecting the places they knew with places referred to in the Quran.”
“ We now come to the “iron gate” which corresponds exactly to the Quranic description, and has the best claim to be connected with Alexander’s story. It is near another Derbend in Central asia, Hissar District, about 150 miles south-east of Bukhara. There is no iron gate there now, but there was one in 7th century when the Chinese traveler Hiouen Tsiang saw it on his journey to India. He saw two folding gates cased with iron and hung with bells. Near by is a lake named Iskandar Kul, connecting the locality with Alexander the Great. We know from history that Alexander, after his conquest of Persia and before his journey to India, visited Sogdiana (Bukara) maracanda (Samarqand). We also know from Muqaddasi, the Arab traveler and geographer, who wrote about A.H. 375 (A.D. 985-6) the Abbasi Khalifa Wathiq (842-846 A.D.) sent out a mission to Central asia to report on this iron gate. They found the defile 150 yards wide: on two jambs made with bricks of iron welded together with molten lead, were hung two huge Gates, which are kept closed. NOTHING COULD CORRESPOND MORE EXACTLY WITH THE DESCRIPTION IN HOLY QURA’N (18: 95-96)”
“If then the Barrier (in Quran:18:95-98) refers to the Iron gate near Bukhara, we are able to proceed to a consideration of the Gog and Magog people with some confidence. They were the Mongol tribes on the other side of the Barrier, while the industrious men who did not understand Zul-qarnain’s language were the turks, with their agglutinative language, so different from the languages then spoken in Western Asia. This Barrier served its purpose for the time being. We need not bother about the legends of Gog and Magog people. They were reputed to be Giants, and two tiny hills in flat Cambridgeshire are derisively called the Gog and Magog hills. In the Alexander legends of medieval Europe, Gog and magog are said to have come with 400, 000 men to the help of Porus whom Alexander defeated, and to have fled after that defeat. They fled to the mountains, and Alexander built a wall with brass gates to prevent their irruption (Paul Meyer, Alexander le Grand dans la literature fraqaise du Moyen age: Paris, 1886; Vol.2, pp:386-389).”
About Alexander’s westward journey Maulana Yousuf Ali writes:
“One such point in the mention of Alexander’s westward journey (Quran:18:86): “He saw the sun set in a piece of murky water which is described as a spring. Most commentators have understood the “spring” to be the sea, and takes the “murky water” to be the dark blue water………to the west of the town of Lychnis is a lake 170 square miles in area fed by underground springs that issue through limestone rocks and give out murky water. Both town and lake is now called Ochrida, about 50 miles west of Monastir. The water is so dark that the river which forms the outlet of the lake to the north is called the Black Drin. Looking at the Sun-set from the Town, the observer would see the sun set in a pool of murky water (Quran-18:86). History tell us that, it was a question before the boy King Alexander—the dreamy, impulsive, fearless rider, whether he would put the barbarous Illyriccans to the sword or show them mercy. He showed true discrimination and statesmanship. He punished the guilty and showed kindness to the innocent, and thus consolidated his power in the west. This I (Yousuf Ali) construe to be the meaning of verses (18:86-87); otherwise these verses do not seem to be perfectly clear. Another point may be noted. Three episodes mentioned are: (1) journey to the west, (2) the journey to the east, (3) and journey to the “Iron Gate”: The journey to the west I have just explained. The journey to the east was to the Persian Empire. Here he found a people who lived in the open and wore little clothing. This might apply to people who lived in an inland place in the latitude of Persepolis or Multan. He left them alone as they were (Quran:18:91).”
References:
Holy Quran-translated by Mauolana Yousuf Ali
Holy Quran-translated by Maoulana Mahiuddin Khan
“Another suggestion was made that, Quranic Zul-qarnain was an ancient king of Persia. But there is nothing in our literature to suggest that Zul-qarnain came to any such ignominious end. If it is argued that it was some old prehistoric Persian king who built the iron gates (Quran:18:96) to keep the Gog and magog tribes (Quran:18:94), this is no identification at all. Another suggestion made is that it was some old prehistoric Himyarite king from Yemen, about whom nothing else is known. An identification with a supposed pre-historic king, about whom nothing is known, is no identification at all.”
“The question of Yajuj and majuj (Gog and Magog) and the iron barrier built to keep them out is of some interest. It is practically agreed that they were the wild tribes of Central Asia (Manchus and Mongols) which have made inroads on settled kingdoms and Empires at various stages of the world’s history.”
“ The Barrier in the text must have been more in the nature of iron gates then a iron wall. Two iron gates, geographically far apart, have been suggested in the alternative. Sometimes they have been mixed up by writers not strong in geography. Both of them have local association with the name of Alexander the great. Both are near a town Derbend, and have borne the name of bab-ul-hadid (Arabic word for iron gate). The best known iron gate in modern times is at the town and seaport of derbend in the middle of the western coast of the Caspian Sea. In the early days, when Muslims spread to all parts of the world, local legends were started by ignorant people connecting the places they knew with places referred to in the Quran.”
“ We now come to the “iron gate” which corresponds exactly to the Quranic description, and has the best claim to be connected with Alexander’s story. It is near another Derbend in Central asia, Hissar District, about 150 miles south-east of Bukhara. There is no iron gate there now, but there was one in 7th century when the Chinese traveler Hiouen Tsiang saw it on his journey to India. He saw two folding gates cased with iron and hung with bells. Near by is a lake named Iskandar Kul, connecting the locality with Alexander the Great. We know from history that Alexander, after his conquest of Persia and before his journey to India, visited Sogdiana (Bukara) maracanda (Samarqand). We also know from Muqaddasi, the Arab traveler and geographer, who wrote about A.H. 375 (A.D. 985-6) the Abbasi Khalifa Wathiq (842-846 A.D.) sent out a mission to Central asia to report on this iron gate. They found the defile 150 yards wide: on two jambs made with bricks of iron welded together with molten lead, were hung two huge Gates, which are kept closed. NOTHING COULD CORRESPOND MORE EXACTLY WITH THE DESCRIPTION IN HOLY QURA’N (18: 95-96)”
“If then the Barrier (in Quran:18:95-98) refers to the Iron gate near Bukhara, we are able to proceed to a consideration of the Gog and Magog people with some confidence. They were the Mongol tribes on the other side of the Barrier, while the industrious men who did not understand Zul-qarnain’s language were the turks, with their agglutinative language, so different from the languages then spoken in Western Asia. This Barrier served its purpose for the time being. We need not bother about the legends of Gog and Magog people. They were reputed to be Giants, and two tiny hills in flat Cambridgeshire are derisively called the Gog and Magog hills. In the Alexander legends of medieval Europe, Gog and magog are said to have come with 400, 000 men to the help of Porus whom Alexander defeated, and to have fled after that defeat. They fled to the mountains, and Alexander built a wall with brass gates to prevent their irruption (Paul Meyer, Alexander le Grand dans la literature fraqaise du Moyen age: Paris, 1886; Vol.2, pp:386-389).”
About Alexander’s westward journey Maulana Yousuf Ali writes:
“One such point in the mention of Alexander’s westward journey (Quran:18:86): “He saw the sun set in a piece of murky water which is described as a spring. Most commentators have understood the “spring” to be the sea, and takes the “murky water” to be the dark blue water………to the west of the town of Lychnis is a lake 170 square miles in area fed by underground springs that issue through limestone rocks and give out murky water. Both town and lake is now called Ochrida, about 50 miles west of Monastir. The water is so dark that the river which forms the outlet of the lake to the north is called the Black Drin. Looking at the Sun-set from the Town, the observer would see the sun set in a pool of murky water (Quran-18:86). History tell us that, it was a question before the boy King Alexander—the dreamy, impulsive, fearless rider, whether he would put the barbarous Illyriccans to the sword or show them mercy. He showed true discrimination and statesmanship. He punished the guilty and showed kindness to the innocent, and thus consolidated his power in the west. This I (Yousuf Ali) construe to be the meaning of verses (18:86-87); otherwise these verses do not seem to be perfectly clear. Another point may be noted. Three episodes mentioned are: (1) journey to the west, (2) the journey to the east, (3) and journey to the “Iron Gate”: The journey to the west I have just explained. The journey to the east was to the Persian Empire. Here he found a people who lived in the open and wore little clothing. This might apply to people who lived in an inland place in the latitude of Persepolis or Multan. He left them alone as they were (Quran:18:91).”
References:
Holy Quran-translated by Mauolana Yousuf Ali
Holy Quran-translated by Maoulana Mahiuddin Khan