Language falters in these types of discussions. Maybe an imaginative exercise will help.
Let’s say a man enters a crowded basilica for a few moments of private prayer. He has come to know Christ quite well through years of interior companionship. So he no longer desires to meditate. And even spontaneous, heartfelt words are hard to come by sometimes. Rather, the man simply approaches the alter to gaze upon the Lord in the manner of the Cure of Ars … “I look at Him and He looks at me.” The mutual “looking” comprises the prayer … and it is very profound prayer indeed.
Perhaps some might describe this as quiet prayer.
Now, let’s say the man’s prayer of “looking” or “gazing” upon the Lord deepens to the point the man is no longer aware of the hustle and bustle of the tourists going on around him in this crowded basilica. As St. John of the Cross might say, this man is “oblivious” … his will so captivated by the object of his love that external distractions can’t draw away his gaze.
This, some might say, is the prayer of quiet so wonderfully described by St. Teresa throughout her writings.
Now, let’s say this man’s “looking” or “gazing” upon the Lord deepens further still. Yes, his will remains captive as before … but now his intellect is stilled too. So while the man continues to be unaware of the hustle and bustle about him exteriorly … he is now interiorly “oblivious” too. This man has been quieted so that even the flow of thoughts in his mind no longer distract him. All in his mind is quiet … still …. peaceful … delightful. There is only one word that can describe it: silence. In every imaginable sense of the word.
This, some might say, is the prayer of union described by St. Teresa, most especially in mansion 5 of Interior Castle.
The moral of this little imaginative exercise is this: while there are similarities with these various ways of prayer described here … they are not one and the same. The first prayer example, while sublime and grace filled in its own right, is a manner of prayer we can come to practice through our own effort. It goes by various names depending on the spiritual writer: recollection, prayer of simplicity, acquired contemplation to name just a few.
The last two types of prayer, however, are examples of infused contemplation … which is always a gift and not something we can produce on our own.
Lastly and most importantly … there is a “flow” to these ways of prayer where one builds upon that which proceeded it. Hopefully this little illustration gives some glimpse into that.
Dave