…Continued… We believe in capital punishment. In a revelation to Joseph Smith, on February 9, 1831, the Lord said: “And now, behold, I speak unto the church. Thou shalt not kill; and he that kills shall not have forgiveness in this world, nor in the world to come. And again, I say, thou shalt not kill; but he that killeth shall die.” (D. & C. 42:18-19.)
In answering some false and scurrilous charges published against the Latter-day Saints, the President of the Church, who then was Wilford Woodruff, on January 9, 1891, wrote to the
editor of the Illustrated American. President Woodruff referred to the doctrine herein being considered as “the blood atonement fiction,” and as “the false theory of blood atonement copied by the writer in the American from old newspaper fiction.”
Then he recites what the doctrine of the Church is when the term blood atonement is used simply as a synonym for capital punishment.
“It is a fundamental doctrine of our creed that a murderer cannot be forgiven; that he ‘hath not eternal life abiding in him’; that if a member of our Church, having received the light of the Holy Spirit, commits this capital crime, he will not receive forgiveness in this world nor in the world to come. The revelations of God to the Church abound in commandments forbidding us to shed blood.”
With specific reference to capital punishment as practiced by the State and not the Church he said: “It is part of our faith that the only atonement a murdere[r] can make for his ‘sin unto death’ is the sheddinq of his own blood, according to the fiat of the Almighty after the flood: ‘Whoso sheddeth man’s blood by man shall his blood be shed.’ But the law must be executed by the lawfully appointed officer. This is ‘blood atonement,’ so much perverted by maligners of our faith. We believe also in the atonement wrought by the shedding of Christ’s blood on Calvary; that it is efficacious for all the race of Adam for the sin committed by Adam, and for the individual sins of all who believe, repent, are baptized by one having authority, and who receive the Holy Ghost by the laying on of authorized hands. Capital crime committed by such an enlightened person cannot be condoned by the Redeemer’s blood. For him there is ‘no more sacrifice for sin’; his life is forfeit, and he only can pay the penalty. There is no other blood atonement taught, practiced or made part of the creed of the Latter-day Saints.”
I repeat: Except for the atonement of Christ, which is or should be a part of the creeds of all Christian churches; and except for the use of the term “blood atonement” as a synonym–nothing more–of “capital punishment” where “enlightened” members of the Church are concerned, there is no such a doctrine in this dispensation as blood atonement.
I have in my file a letter dated February 12, 1971, signed by Presidents Joseph Fielding Smith and Harold B. Lee as and for the First Presidency which shows that the theoretical principle of blood atonement has no application in any dispensation when there is a separation of Church and State. They refer to the death of Christ by Jewish hands as a “capital crime,” and then quote the following from the third chapter of Acts:
"And now, brethren, I wot that through ignorance ye did it, as did also your rulers . . .
"Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord;
“And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you.”:
Then they say: “From the above it is understood that this is a matter which must be left in the hands of the Lord, not for man to determine.”
Now, as to your final question–whether blood atonement, “if” it is “a valid doctrine,” would hale any affect on the mode of imposing the death penalty, I need only say:
- Since there is no such thing as blood atonement, except as indicated above, the mode of execution could have no bearing on the matter of atoning for one’s sins; and
- If we are speaking simply of capital punishment (and falsely calling it blood atonement), still I can see no reason for supposing that it makes the slightest difference how an execution is accomplished.
As far as I can see there is no difference between a firing squad, an electric chair, a gas chamber, or hanging. Death is death and I would interpret the shedding of man’s blood in legal executions as a figurative expression which means the taking of life. There seems to me to be no present significance as to whether an execution is by a firing squad or in some other way. I, of course, deleted my article on “hanging” from the Second Edition of Mormon Doctrine because of the reasoning here mentioned.
Continued…