I bolded the above. Many times people are unable to explain the Church’s teaching on this point while online. It’s very complicated. Sometimes, people don’t fully understand the Church’s teaching on this point and they post the statement, “no salvation outside the Church” and leave it at that. Then there are other people who are very stubborn and refuse to accept the fact that the Church herself teaches us that her words have deeper explanations, nuances and interpretations. These are often very literal in their faith. It is unfortunate, because you end up with a brand of Catholicism that is very much like Protestantism, literal interpretation with no room for further explanations I call it a Catholicism of the Book.
While it is important to know what is said and what has been written, it is also important to know the whole of it, not just part of it. Over the centuries, the Church has tried very hard to help Catholics and others understand her teachings by writing and commenting on her own teachings. She has often edited her words for greater clarity. And if we don’t look at those docments and actions as well as the original, we can walk away with a very concrete understanding of a point.
In this particular case the Church makes a clear distinction between the physical Catholic Church and the Mystical Body. Pope John Paul II was the last pope to try to explain the concept that truth, where ever it may be found, is grounded in the Catholic Church. In his decree, Ut Unum Sint, he speaks about the non Catholic Christians and in other places he spoke about other people: Jews, Muslims and so forth.
One of the points that he makes is that Christ, in his mercy, uses whatever truths are present in these faiths to save. How is this possible? Truth is truth. All truth subsists within the Catholic Church. Those truths that subsist within the Catholic Church and are found in other faiths are the link that connects the person to the Church. It’s an imperfect union, because one should want to live in the fullness of truth.
I would also suggest that you read in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, the Council Documents on Ecumenism, and Ut Unum Sint. With that reading, you should have a much better understanding of how salvation is made available to those who are physically outside of the Catholic Church.
The key is to avoid making these statements in such a black and white manner, because it can be very upsetting instead of helpful.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF