Grace & Peace!
Instead, why not heed the immense knowledge and realism of Bl John Paul II?
Centesimus Annus, 42, 1991:
‘If by “capitalism” is meant an economic system which recognizes the fundamental and positive role of business, the market, private property and the resulting responsibility for the means of production, as well as free human creativity in the economic sector, then the answer is certainly in the affirmative, even though it would perhaps be more appropriate to speak of a “business economy”, “market economy” or simply “free economy”.’
Since here capitalism = free economy, and reaffirmed by Bl John Paul II is the ‘fundamental human “right to freedom of economic initiative.” ’ (*Sollicitudo Rei Socialis *(On Human Concerns), Encyclical, 1987, #42), and initiative = enterprise, it is clear what the pope means.
I think you would do well to read the entire encyclical by Bl. John Paul II.
Centesimus Annus (1991), like
Quadragesimo Anno (1931) before it, is a celebration of
Rerum Novarum (1891), its wisdom and its boldness. None of the Popes, not Leo, not Pius, not John Paul, are suggesting that faithful catholics must toe the capitalist line or that capitalism writ large is unconditionally the only economic system by which and within which human beings can best fulfill themselves. Bl. John Paul II, for his part, makes that clear. Here is the entirety of section 42 from which you have extracted your quotation:
- Returning now to the initial question: can it perhaps be said that, after the failure of Communism, capitalism is the victorious social system, and that capitalism should be the goal of the countries now making efforts to rebuild their economy and society? Is this the model which ought to be proposed to the countries of the Third World which are searching for the path to true economic and civil progress?
The answer is obviously complex. If by “capitalism” is meant an economic system which recognizes the fundamental and positive role of business, the market, private property and the resulting responsibility for the means of production, as well as free human creativity in the economic sector, then the answer is certainly in the affirmative, even though it would perhaps be more appropriate to speak of a “business economy”, “market economy” or simply “free economy”. But if by “capitalism” is meant a system in which freedom in the economic sector is not circumscribed within a strong juridical framework which places it at the service of human freedom in its totality, and which sees it as a particular aspect of that freedom, the core of which is ethical and religious, then the reply is certainly negative.
The Marxist solution has failed, but the realities of marginalization and exploitation remain in the world, especially the Third World, as does the reality of human alienation, especially in the more advanced countries. Against these phenomena the Church strongly raises her voice. Vast multitudes are still living in conditions of great material and moral poverty. The collapse of the Communist system in so many countries certainly removes an obstacle to facing these problems in an appropriate and realistic way, but it is not enough to bring about their solution. Indeed, there is a risk that a radical capitalistic ideology could spread which refuses even to consider these problems, in the a priori belief that any attempt to solve them is doomed to failure, and which blindly entrusts their solution to the free development of market forces.
“The answer is obviously complex.” Indeed. It
is complex. And it
should be complex. And we should
welcome that complexity instead of asserting (either implicitly or explicitly) that capitalism and Catholicism are unconditionally compatible or that one should be a capitalist if one is a Catholic. Communism (or at the very least, communism in the form in which it was historically realized) didn’t work. Clearly. Now we get to see if capitalism will work for anything like the long term. If capitalism is the best way to serve the common good and the common good is
actually being served via capitalism (or at the very least, via capitalism in the form in which it has been historically realized), then great. If not, then clearly something needs to be changed.
Indeed, Bl. John Paul II points this out very clearly in the following section (43):
The Church has no models to present; models that are real and truly effective can only arise within the framework of different historical situations, through the efforts of all those who responsibly confront concrete problems in all their social, economic, political and cultural aspects, as these interact with one another.84 For such a task the Church offers her social teaching as an
indispensable and ideal orientation, a teaching which, as already mentioned, recognizes the positive value of the market and of enterprise, but which at the same time points out that these need to be oriented towards the common good.
Here is where anyone interested can find Centesimus Annus:
vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus_en.html
Under the Mercy,
Mark
All is Grace and Mercy! Deo Gratias!