Jesus also explained the “how” in response to Nicodemus’s question as to how one can be born again. He explained that it was a spiritual birth and that the “how” is by belief in Jesus. This, of course, is the recurring message of the gospel of John and that message (of belief in Christ) appears repeatedly in John 6.
Hello Radical. I just want to amplify my response to this argument you made regarding Nicodemus. Nicodemus did
not ask"how" in the sense that he now understood what Jesus meant by spiritual birth and now wanted to know
how He can be spiritually reborn. In fact, He asked “how” because He didn’t understand what Jesus was talking about and his question was rooted in* incredulity*. This is made clear by Jesus’ response to Nicodemus’ question:
**9Nicodemus said to Him, “How can these things be?” 10 Jesus answered and said to him, "Are you the teacher of Israel and do not understand these things? 11"Truly, truly, I say to you, we speak of what we know and testify of what we have seen, and you do not accept our testimony. 12"If I told you earthly things and you do not believe, how will you believe if I tell you heavenly things? 13"No one has ascended into heaven, but He who descended from heaven: the Son of Man./] **
Jesus made a “figurative” statement, Nicodemus thought He was talking about a second physical birth, and Jesus corrected him by telling Him its a spiritual rebirth. Even
after Jesus clearlyreveals the
literal meaning of what He said, Nicodemus at this point does not understand what Jesus said and is
incredulous (v.v. 11-12). Though Nicodemus didn’t understand the
nature of this spiritual of this spiritual rebirth, Jesus does not go into further detail about its nature. Instead, He reproves Nicodemus for His incredulity and appeals to the divine origin of what He just said… “we speak of what we know and testify of what we have seen.” The implication being that Nicodemus should not question this teaching and believe it because it is from God. To reinforce that point, Jesus reveals to Nicodemus His divine origin, that He came down from heaven.
Jesus’ response to Nicodemus incredulity after revealing the literal truth regarding the spiritual rebirth is reminiscent to His response to the incredulity to the literal truth regarding the eating and drinking of His blood:
60Therefore many of His disciples, when they heard this said, “his is a difficult statement; who can listen to it?” 61But Jesus, conscious that His disciples grumbled at this, said to them, "Does this cause you to stumble? 62"What then if you see the Son of Man ascending to where He was before?
Once again, in the face of incredulity after revealing manifest truth, Jesus does not go into details about the
nature of what He just taught… just as He didn’t go into details about the
nature of regeneration… and instead appeals to His divine origin and divine authority. As he does with Nicodemus, He reminds the incredulous that He came down from heaven and that His words are backed by divine authority (i.e. words are spirit and life) and not mere human authority (flesh). Once He reveals a* literal* truth, the divine origin of His words should be enough to make them trustworthy and worthy of belief.
Now regarding what you said about the verses that follow. Apparently it’s not so clear that Jesus is explaining
how a person is reborn because Calvinists deny that one is regenerated
through faith, as opposed to Arminian Protestants who claim that regeneration
is through faith. Calvinists argue that regeneration logically precedes faith and hence it is regeneration that enables a person to believe the gospel.
God Bless,
Michael