For any muslims: can you answer why Muhammad command you to fight (kill) against all Kuffar/Kafir until they follow Muhammad as their prophet of Allah?
"It is reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that he heard the Messenger of Allah say:
I have been commanded to fight against people till they testify that there is no god but Allah, that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and they establish prayer, and pay Zakat and if they do it, their blood and property are guaranteed protection on my behalf except when justified by law, and their affairs rest with Allah." (Sahih Muslim, Book 1, Hadith 34).
We need to understand what is meant by the words ‘kufr’ and ‘kafir’.
Some render the word ‘kafir’ as ‘infidel’. This is incorrect. The word ‘infidel’ was coined in the mid-15th century. It is derived from the Middle French ‘infidèle’, or Latin ‘īnfidēlis’; meaning ‘not faithful’; and was used by Christians to denote anyone who was not of that Faith (in practice, Jews and Muslims). The word does not exist in classical Arabic, and is not found in the Qur’an.
The words ‘kufr’ and ‘kafir’ are derived from the root K-F-R (kafara); one meaning of which is ‘to cover’ or ‘to conceal’:
‘Bear in mind that the present life is just a game, a diversion, an attraction, a cause of boasting among you, of rivalry in wealth and children. It is like plants that spring up after the rain: their growth at first delights the sowers (‘l-kufāra’), but then you see them wither away, turn yellow, and become stubble. There is terrible punishment in the next life as well as forgiveness and approval from God; the life of this world is only an illusory pleasure.’ (Al-Hadid: 20)
A sower covers the seed at planting time; and because of this may be called (without any pejorative implication) a ‘kafir’ – ‘one who covers’.
‘Kufr’ becomes a sin when a believer (Jew, Christian or Muslim) deliberately buries – in their heart – what they know to be true, in order to disobey. ‘I know I shouldn’t do this, but I’m going to do it anyway….just for now……it’ll be alright.’
John Calvin captures the meaning of ‘kufr’ (in this context) when he writes:
‘I say, therefore, that he sins against the Holy Spirit who, while so constrained by the power of divine truth that he cannot plead ignorance, yet deliberately resists, and that merely for the sake of resisting.’ (‘Institutes of the Christian Religion; Book 3; Chapter 3; Section 22).
The word ‘kafir’ is also used to denote one who is ungrateful; one who refuses to acknowledge favours given by their Lord.
Puritan Muslims use ‘kafir’ as a term of abuse; applying it especially to Christians and Jews. This is not correct. Indeed, according to the Encyclopedia of Islam, a Muslim commits an offence if he accuses a Christian or a Jew of unbelief (cf. Encyclopedia of Islam: second edition).
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