Dear Jimmy B
I think we should guard ourselves against oversimplified answers, both for the sake of truth and charity. The currant fragmented state of Christianity, have been in the making for the last 2000 years. Pride has undoubtedly played its role, but so have greed (for money and power), fear, misunderstandings, etc. As for whom to blame, often there is plenty of guilt to go around. While I do believe that abuses doesn’t warrant schisms, it can not be denied that members of the hierarchy of The Church have too often failed the institution and people in their care.
Now as for the “reformation”, I can in no way side with Luther (or for that matter Henry and Calvin). However I do not deny that Luther was in the beginning reacting to what was a real misuse of indulgences, and that he did so with the intend of helping The Church and its members. At that time, I do not think Luther had done anything that was inherently wrong. Sadly the split was then augmented by the reaction to his critique, both from his overzealous supporters and from the representatives from within The Church. Perhaps pride was a factor in this, but I wonder if greed and simple misunderstandings did not play an equally important part in the escalation.
Naturally Luther should have acted in accordance with the virtue of obedience and in accordance with the wish expressed by Our Savior in His prayer for Christian unity. Had Luther done so, by reacting like past saints and humbling himself before the Church, it is possible that much evil could have been avoided. No matter what, it is historical fact that he did not. After the definitive breakup, it is also known that he started introducing novel teaching that was not in harmony with Holy Scripture and Tradition. You might be right in your assessment that pride was a motivating factor in this (I do agree that Luther could sometimes act prideful), another guess would however be Luther’s infamous scrupulosity. Anyhow we should be careful in making such judgments, and let God be the judge of his motives.
As for Henry and the German princes supporting the reformation, that was all about politics and greed. Henry needed a male heir to the throne, the German princes saw an opportunity to gain land and autonomy, France wanted to challenge the German Emperor, etc. In this sense, the schism became a useful tool in the political struggle for power. The “reform” had taken on a life of its own, being hijacked by opportunistic politicians.
Also at the same time the Protestant theologians naturally started fighting each other. In this I actually tend to think that AgnosTheist have raised an excellent point about the difficult of interpreting the Bible, it is simply completely ill-suited to the Protestant doctrine of scripture alone. The Bible was never intended to be the sole authority, and I doubt unity will ever be accomplished as long as it is being misused in this way. Other important dynamic in the process have been cultural and economical factors, the role played by the prince of lies, and obviously the human factor (pride being a part of this).
God bless you
TL