Kendy:
Prostestants have a hard time saying deeds are important because we are afraid of contradicting Ephesians 2: 8-9: “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and this is not your doing it is a gift from God— Not the result of works, so that no one may boast.” Having said that, I realize how it can come across as saying, your works are not important, which would contradict James 2:17. Because there are so many protestant denominations, it’s hard to speak for “protestants” but most major denomination accept that James words without rejecting Paul’s words. That is your faith saves you thorough God’s grace, and that you have been saved unto good works so you would never dream of sinning so that grace may abound. But we are afraid that catholics reject Ephesians 2, and believe that you can earn your salvation by doing good works.
I don’t know what the Catholic church believe 500 years ago, but it seems to me that there is currently no disagreement about this, but rather we are just not speaking each other language, and therefore are talking past each other.
CKH
The Church believed the same thing 500 years ago as it does now. As for Ephesians 2, it is a simple misunderstanding of this verse that leads Protestants in the wrong direction. For starters, you reversed the roles of grace and faith, which leads me right into my point. It is not by faith we have been saved through grace. Just as it is not through works we have been saved. It is by GRACE we have been saved through faith, working through love. This is the Scriptural formula. Protestants complain that Catholics make “works” too important and take away from the sufficiency of Christ’s sacrifice, but have no problem “obligating” God to reward them for their faith. The truth of the matter is that both our faith and our works are gifts from God. It is by grace that we are even able to have faith (Phil 2:13) or do works (Eph 2:10).
Furthermore, Protestants need to read the whole of Ephesians 2. Put the verse into context. The chapter starts out with, “1As for you, you were dead in your transgressions and sins, 2in which you used to live when you followed the ways of this world and of the ruler of the kingdom of the air, the spirit who is now at work in those who are disobedient.”
So, Paul is prefacing his point that we are saved by grace, not works, with the point that we were dead in our transgressions. This is before our initial justification. Basically, a perfect reward (Heaven), would require a perfect offering (sinlessness), and we were not capable of doing this for ourselves. Thus, works, apart from the grace of God are nothing. That’s not to say that people never did anything “good” before they became Christian, but rather that doing “good” did not bring me into relationship with God. For grace as we understand it is two-fold (and this is where I think the Protestant confusion comes from). 1. Unmerited favor (We both agree on this) 2. God’s own divine life (2 Pet 1:4).
When we receive initial justification, several things happen. Our previous sins are “washed away”, along with the stain of original sin. We are infused with the Holy Spirit, along with the three theological virtues (faith, hope, and love). We are baptized into the body of Christ. That is to say that we have become “adopted sons”. Now that we share in God’s nature, through grace, we can become part of his family. So, while God loves his son just the way he is. Our Father in Heaven also loves us too much to let us stay that way.
We know that God’s word is efficacious. An example is the divine fiat. God said, “Let there be light”, and there was light. Thus, when God says, “Josh is justified” or “Josh is righteous”, it doesn’t stop there. What God says, is. Thus, through GRACE, God transforms this being into what he has declared.
Furthermore, when we understand justification as “divine sonship”. This is the process of God’s grace (His divine nature) turning us into his adopted children, we realize that nothing we could do could ever merit such a thing. That would be like saying I was going to work my way into your family. It just wouldn’t work. Nothing I could do, could make me part of your family. However, if you saw me completely broken, had mercy on me, and adopted me, I would be expected to live up to certain responsibilities. If I didn’t, there would be consequences. The most horrible of these would be that I basically disown myself because I reject my role in your family.
With this understanding we can finish off Ephesians 2. “8For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God— 9not by works, so that no one can boast. 10For we are God’s workmanship, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do”(NIV).
Continued…