But Eutyches did not merely insist upon a phrase; he appealed for his doctrine to the Fathers generally; “I have read the blessed Cyril, and the holy Fathers, and the holy Athanasius,” he says at Constantinople, “that they said, ‘Of two natures before the union,’ but that ‘after the union’ they said ‘but one.’” [Note 64] In his letter to St. Leo, he appeals in particular to Pope Julius, Pope Felix, St. Gregory Thaumaturgus, St. Gregory Nazianzen, St. Basil, Atticus, and St. Proclus. He did not appeal to them unreservedly certainly, as shall be presently noticed; he allowed that they might err, and perhaps had erred, in their expressions: but it is plain, even from what has been said, that there could be no consensus against him, as the word is now commonly understood. It is also undeniable that, though the word “nature” is applied to our Lord’s manhood by St. Ambrose, St. Gregory Nazianzen and others, yet on the whole it is for whatever reason avoided by the previous Fathers; certainly by St. Athanasius, who uses the words “manhood,” “flesh,” “the man,” “economy,” where a later writer would have used “nature:” and the same is true of St. Hilary [Note 65]. In like manner, the Athanasian Creed, written, as it is supposed, some twenty years before {302} the date of Eutyches, does not contain the word “nature.” Much might be said on the plausibility of the defence, which Eutyches might have made for his doctrine from the history and documents of the Church before his time.